1、mail()函數的使用
1）windows需要配置IIS的SMTP；linux自帶sendmail組件，無需設置，直接支持mail函數發送功能
2）php.ini中聲明SMTP各項參數
3）mail("接收地址","郵件主題","郵件內容")函數的使用
例1：配置本地SMTP服務器
第一步： php.ini的設置:
SMTP = localhost
smtp_port = 25
sendmail_from=你的設定值
第二步：需要安裝IIS自帶的SMTP，在SMTP虛擬服務器上點擊右鍵，在彈出的屬性窗口裏進行如下設置：
點擊“訪問”選項卡，再點擊“中繼”，在彈出的窗口出點擊“添加”，然後選“單臺計算機”，添加IP地址爲“127.0.0.1”，然後一
路確定返回。
第三步：
<?php
mail("[email protected]","Test mail function of PHP.","hello world!");
?>
例2：借用SMTP服務器（需要用戶名和口令）
SMTP = smtp163.com
/*
名稱：smtpsend.class.php
功能:郵件發送類,實現郵件發送功能 ,可以發送html郵件；可驗證用戶是否具有發送權限；可實現從任意服務器郵箱發送郵件。*/
$smtpserver; SMTP服務器
$smtpserverport; SMTP服務器端口
$smtpuser; SMTP服務器的用戶帳號
$smtppass; SMTP服務器的用戶密碼
$fromMail; SMTP服務器的用戶郵箱
$toMail; 發送給誰
$subject; 郵件主題
$content; 郵件內容
$mailtype; 郵件格式（HTML/TXT）,TXT爲文本郵件
*/
class smtpclass
{
function smtp($relay_host = "", $smtp_port = 25,$auth = false,$user,$pass)
{
$this->debug = FALSE;
$this->smtp_port = $smtp_port;
$this->relay_host = $relay_host;
$this->time_out = 60; //is used in fsockopen()
$this->auth = $auth;//auth
$this->user = $user;
$this->pass = $pass;
$this->host_name = "localhost"; //is used in HELO command
$this->log_file = "";
$this->sock = FALSE;
}
/* Main Function */
function sendmail($to, $from, $subject = "", $body = "", $mailtype, $returnpath = "", $cc = "", $bcc = "", $additional_headers = "")
{
$mail_from = $this->get_address($this->strip_comment($from));
$body = ereg_replace("(^|(\r\n))(\.)", "\1.\3", $body);
$header = "";
if(isset($returnpath) && $returnpath != "")
{
$header .= "Reply-To:".$returnpath."\r\n";
}
$header .= "MIME-Version:1.0\r\n";
if($mailtype=="HTML"){
$header .= 'Content-Type:text/html; charset=gb2312' . "\r\n";
}
$header .= "To: ".$to."\r\n";
if ($cc != "") {
$header .= "Cc: ".$cc."\r\n";
}
$header .= "From: $from<".$from.">\r\n";
$header .= "Subject: ".$subject."\r\n";
$header .= $additional_headers;
$header .= "Date: ".date("r")."\r\n";
$header .= "X-Mailer:By Redhat (PHP/".phpversion().")\r\n";
list($msec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime());
$header .= "Message-ID: <".date("YmdHis", $sec).".".($msec*1000000).".".$mail_from.">\r\n";
$TO = explode(",", $this->strip_comment($to));
if ($cc != "") {
$TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($cc)));
}
if ($bcc != "") {
$TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($bcc)));
}
$sent = TRUE;
foreach ($TO as $rcpt_to) {
$rcpt_to = $this->get_address($rcpt_to);
if (!$this->smtp_sockopen($rcpt_to)) {
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to ".$rcpt_to."\n");
$sent = FALSE;
continue;
}
if ($this->smtp_send($this->host_name, $mail_from, $rcpt_to, $header, $body)) {
$this->log_write("E-mail has been sent to <".$rcpt_to.">\n");
} else {
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to <".$rcpt_to.">\n");
$sent = FALSE;
}
fclose($this->sock);
$this->log_write("Disconnected from remote host\n");
}
return $sent;
}
/* Private Functions */
function smtp_send($helo, $from, $to, $header, $body = "")
{
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("HELO", $helo)) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command");
}
#auth
if($this->auth){
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("AUTH LOGIN", base64_encode($this->user))) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command");
}
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("", base64_encode($this->pass))) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command");
}
}
#
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("MAIL", "FROM:<".$from.">")) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending MAIL FROM command");
}
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("RCPT", "TO:<".$to.">")) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending RCPT TO command");
}
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("DATA")) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending DATA command");
}
if (!$this->smtp_message($header, $body)) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending message");
}
if (!$this->smtp_eom()) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> [EOM]");
}
if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("QUIT")) {
return $this->smtp_error("sending QUIT command");
}
return TRUE;
}
function smtp_sockopen($address)
{
if ($this->relay_host == "") {
return $this->smtp_sockopen_mx($address);
} else {
return $this->smtp_sockopen_relay();
}
}
function smtp_sockopen_relay()
{
$this->log_write("Trying to ".$this->relay_host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n");
$this->sock = @fsockopen($this->relay_host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out);
if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) {
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot connenct to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n");
$this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n");
return FALSE;
}
$this->log_write("Connected to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n");
return TRUE;
}
function smtp_sockopen_mx($address)
{
$domain = ereg_replace("^.+@([^@]+)$", "\1", $address);
if (!@getmxrr($domain, $MXHOSTS)) {
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot resolve MX \"".$domain."\"\n");
return FALSE;
}
foreach ($MXHOSTS as $host) {
$this->log_write("Trying to ".$host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n");
$this->sock = @fsockopen($host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out);
if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) {
$this->log_write("Warning: Cannot connect to mx host ".$host."\n");
$this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n");
continue;
}
$this->log_write("Connected to mx host ".$host."\n");
return TRUE;
}
$this->log_write("Error: Cannot connect to any mx hosts (".implode(", ", $MXHOSTS).")\n");
return FALSE;
}
function smtp_message($header, $body)
{
fputs($this->sock, $header."\r\n".$body);
$this->smtp_debug("> ".str_replace("\r\n", "\n"."> ", $header."\n> ".$body."\n> "));
return TRUE;
}
function smtp_eom()
{
fputs($this->sock, "\r\n.\r\n");
$this->smtp_debug(". [EOM]\n");
return $this->smtp_ok();
}
function smtp_ok()
{
$response = str_replace("\r\n", "", fgets($this->sock, 512));
$this->smtp_debug($response."\n");
if (!ereg("^[23]", $response)) {
fputs($this->sock, "QUIT\r\n");
fgets($this->sock, 512);
$this->log_write("Error: Remote host returned \"".$response."\"\n");
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
function smtp_putcmd($cmd, $arg = "")
{
if ($arg != "") {
if($cmd=="") $cmd = $arg;
else $cmd = $cmd." ".$arg;
}
fputs($this->sock, $cmd."\r\n");
$this->smtp_debug("> ".$cmd."\n");
return $this->smtp_ok();
}
function smtp_error($string)
{
$this->log_write("Error: Error occurred while ".$string.".\n");
return FALSE;
}
function log_write($message)
{
$this->smtp_debug($message);
if ($this->log_file == "") {
return TRUE;
}
$message = date("M d H:i:s ").get_current_user()."[".getmypid()."]: ".$message;
if (!@file_exists($this->log_file) || !($fp = @fopen($this->log_file, "a"))) {
$this->smtp_debug("Warning: Cannot open log file \"".$this->log_file."\"\n");
return FALSE;;
}
flock($fp, LOCK_EX);
fputs($fp, $message);
fclose($fp);
return TRUE;
}
function strip_comment($address)
{
$comment = "\([^()]*\)";
while (ereg($comment, $address)) {
$address = ereg_replace($comment, "", $address);
}
return $address;
}
function get_address($address)
{
$address = ereg_replace("([ \t\r\n])+", "", $address);
$address = ereg_replace("^.*<(.+)>.*$", "\1", $address);
return $address;
}
function smtp_debug($message)
{
if ($this->debug) {
echo $message;
}
}
function senduserMail($smtpserver,$smtpserverport=25,$smtpuser,$smtppass,$fromMail,$toMail,$subject,$content,$mailtype='HTML')
{
if ($fromMail == "") {
die("發件人不能爲空！");
}
if ($smtpuser == "") {
die("用戶名不能爲空！");
}
if ($smtppass == "") {
die("用戶密碼不能爲空！");
}
if ($subject == "") {
die("標題不能爲空！");
}
if ($toMail == "") {
die("收件人不能爲空！");
}
if ($content == "") {
die("內容不能爲空！");
}
$smtpserver = $smtpserver;//SMTP服務器
$smtpserverport = $smtpserverport;//SMTP服務器端口
$smtpuser = $smtpuser;//SMTP服務器的用戶帳號
$smtppass = $smtppass;//SMTP服務器的用戶密碼
$smtpusermail = $fromMail;//SMTP服務器的用戶郵箱
$smtpemailto = $toMail;//發送給誰
$mailsubject = $subject;//郵件主題
$mailbody = $content;//郵件內容
$mailtype = $mailtype;//郵件格式（HTML/TXT）,TXT爲文本郵件
$this->smtp($smtpserver,$smtpserverport,true,$smtpuser,$smtppass);//這裏面的一個true是表示使用身份驗證,否則不使用身份驗證.
//$smtp->debug = TRUE;//是否顯示發送的調試信息
$this->sendmail($smtpemailto, $smtpusermail, $mailsubject, $mailbody, $mailtype);
}
}
//$gao = new smtpclass();
//$gao->senduserMail("mail.163.com",25,"用戶名","密碼","[email protected]","[email protected]","測試","測試一下","TXT");
3、php實現註冊後激活登錄
1）註冊的時候增加郵箱選項，然後把激活URL發送到郵箱，訪問此URL完成激活。
2）用戶賬戶數據庫裏面有是否激活的標識字段，註冊後爲0，激活後爲1，爲1的用戶纔可以登錄。
3）用戶賬戶數據庫裏面保留一個激活代碼字段，註冊的時候程序按照一定的算法（比如md5生成32位隨機字符串）填寫該字段。
4）單獨編寫激活的PHP文件，調用格式比如爲aaa.php?user=xxx&key=yyy，程序檢測用戶數據庫裏面的激活碼，如果相同就設置用戶的激活標記。
5）用戶註冊以後給他的郵箱發一封郵件，裏面包含aaa.php?user=xxx&key=yyy這樣的激活地址，用戶收信以後點擊這個地址就完成激活的功能，確保用戶留下的郵箱是有效的。