下載percona server，並啓用tokudb引擎
tar zxvfPercona-Server-5.6.32-rel78.0-Linux.x86_64.ssl101.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
ln -s Percona-Server-5.6.32-rel78.0-Linux.x86_64.ssl101/ mysql
對數據庫進行配置，使之能夠正常啓動
### TOKUDB ###
plugin-load = ha_tokudb.so
tokudb_data_dir =/export/mysql/mysql3306/tokudb
tokudb-log-dir =/export/mysql/mysql3306/tokudb
tokudb_tmp_dir = /export/mysql/mysql3306/tmp
#tokudb_row_format = tokudb_small
tokudb_cache_size = 3G
tokudb_commit_sync = 0
tokudb_directio = 1
tokudb_read_block_size = 128K
tokudb_read_buf_size = 128K
啓用tokudb引擎
echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/defrag
echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
cd /usr/local/mysql
./bin/ps_tokudb_admin --enable
對數據進行操作，操作前準備
set sql_log_bin=0
set wait_timeout=10000000000000;
select * from zabbix.history intooutfile ‘/tmp/history.txt’;
truncate table zabbix.history;
alter table zabbix.history_unitengine = tokudb;
#alter table zabbix.historypartition by …
此處用的是別人寫的存儲過程對錶進行分區，存儲過程見文章最後
CALL partition_maintenance('zabbix','history', 28, 24, 5);
load data infile '/tmp/history.txt’into table history；
說明：
1． 在表非常大的情況下，不建議用mysqldump方式導出後再導入，也不建議直接altertable進行修改，因爲用這2種方式耗時都比loaddata這種方式慢，而且是幾倍的差距。
2． 本文記錄的只是自己操作的一個方式，可能不是最優的遷移方式。400G的表，將近用了小一天的時間。
3． 不建議直接對zabbix生產庫進行操作，可以先用xtrabackupex進行備份，備份時用流直接將數據傳到測試的機器，可以節省很多時間
innobackupex --defaults-file=/export/mysql/mysql4306/my4306.cnf --user=root--stream=xbstream /tmp/ | ssh [email protected] "xbstream -x -C /export/mysql"
4． 通過備份，還原，建議生產庫的從庫，記錄主庫的binlog位置，待從庫操作完畢後，開啓多線程同步去追主，等主從數據一致後可以將zabbix連接到從庫上，再對原生產庫進行操作。
5． 如果zabbix庫中要分區的表有id等主鍵，需要將主鍵刪除後纔可建議分區表，因爲分區表爲了最大限度的利用索引，分區列必須包含主鍵。而分區又是以時間來分，故需將id等主鍵刪除或改成普通索引。
存儲過程如下：
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE`partition_create`(SCHEMANAME varchar(64), TABLENAME varchar(64), PARTITIONNAMEvarchar(64), CLOCK int)
BEGIN
/*
SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in whichto make changes
TABLENAME = The table withpartitions to potentially delete
PARTITIONNAME = The name of thepartition to create
*/
/*
Verify that the partition does notalready exist
*/
DECLARE RETROWS INT;
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
FROM information_schema.partitions
WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME ANDtable_name = TABLENAME AND partition_description >= CLOCK;
IF RETROWS = 0 THEN
/*
1. Print a messageindicating that a partition was created.
2. Create the SQL to createthe partition.
3. Execute the SQL from #2.
*/
SELECT CONCAT("partition_create(", SCHEMANAME, ",", TABLENAME,",", PARTITIONNAME, ",", CLOCK, ")" ) AS msg;
SET @sql = CONCAT('ALTER TABLE ', SCHEMANAME, '.', TABLENAME, ' ADD PARTITION (PARTITION ',PARTITIONNAME, ' VALUES LESS THAN (', CLOCK, '));' );
PREPARE STMT FROM @sql;
EXECUTE STMT;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE`partition_drop`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64),DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE BIGINT)
BEGIN
/*
SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in whichto make changes
TABLENAME = The table withpartitions to potentially delete
DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE = Deleteany partitions with names that are dates older than this one (yyyy-mm-dd)
*/
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
DECLARE drop_part_name VARCHAR(16);
/*
Get a list of all the partitionsthat are older than the date
in DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE. All partitions are prefixed with
a "p", so use SUBSTRING TOget rid of that character.
*/
DECLARE myCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT partition_name
FROMinformation_schema.partitions
WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAMEAND table_name = TABLENAME AND CAST(SUBSTRING(partition_name FROM 2) ASUNSIGNED) < DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUNDSET done = TRUE;
/*
Create the basics for when we needto drop the partition. Also, create
@drop_partitions to hold acomma-delimited list of all partitions that
should be deleted.
*/
SET @alter_header = CONCAT("ALTERTABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " DROP PARTITION");
SET @drop_partitions = "";
/*
Start looping through all thepartitions that are too old.
*/
OPEN myCursor;
read_loop: LOOP
FETCH myCursor INTOdrop_part_name;
IF done THEN
LEAVE read_loop;
END IF;
SET @drop_partitions =IF(@drop_partitions = "", drop_part_name, CONCAT(@drop_partitions,",", drop_part_name));
END LOOP;
IF @drop_partitions != ""THEN
/*
1. Build the SQL to drop allthe necessary partitions.
2. Run the SQL to drop thepartitions.
3. Print out the tablepartitions that were deleted.
*/
SET @full_sql = CONCAT(@alter_header,@drop_partitions, ";");
PREPARE STMT FROM @full_sql;
EXECUTE STMT;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME,".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, @drop_partitions AS `partitions_deleted`;
ELSE
/*
No partitions are beingdeleted, so print out "N/A" (Not applicable) to indicate
that no changes were made.
*/
SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME,".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, "N/A" AS `partitions_deleted`;
END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE`partition_maintenance`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32), TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(32),KEEP_DATA_DAYS INT, HOURLY_INTERVAL INT, CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS INT)
BEGIN
DECLARE OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATEVARCHAR(16);
DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE OLD_PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP INT;
DECLARE CUR_TIME INT;
CALL partition_verify(SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME, HOURLY_INTERVAL);
SET CUR_TIME =UNIX_TIMESTAMP(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%Y-%m-%d 00:00:00'));
SET @__interval = 1;
create_loop: LOOP
IF @__interval >CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS THEN
LEAVE create_loop;
END IF;
SET LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP =CUR_TIME + (HOURLY_INTERVAL * @__interval * 3600);
SET PARTITION_NAME =FROM_UNIXTIME(CUR_TIME + HOURLY_INTERVAL * (@__interval - 1) * 3600,'p%Y%m%d%H00');
IF(PARTITION_NAME !=OLD_PARTITION_NAME) THEN
CALLpartition_create(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP);
ENDIF;
SET @__interval=@__interval+1;
SET OLD_PARTITION_NAME = PARTITION_NAME;
END LOOP;
SETOLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL KEEP_DATA_DAYSDAY), '%Y%m%d0000');
CALL partition_drop(SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME, OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE);
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE`partition_verify`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64),HOURLYINTERVAL INT(11))
BEGIN
DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE RETROWS INT(11);
DECLARE FUTURE_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP;
/*
* Check if any partitions exist forthe given SCHEMANAME.TABLENAME.
*/
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
FROM information_schema.partitions
WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME ANDtable_name = TABLENAME AND partition_name IS NULL;
/*
* If partitions do not exist, go aheadand partition the table
*/
IF RETROWS = 1 THEN
/*
* Take the current date at00:00:00 and add HOURLYINTERVAL to it. This is the timestamp below which we will store values.
* We begin partitioning basedon the beginning of a day. This isbecause we don't want to generate a random partition
* that won't necessarily fallin line with the desired partition naming (ie: if the hour interval is 24hours, we could
* end up creating a partitionnow named "p201403270600" when all other partitions will be like"p201403280000").
*/
SET FUTURE_TIMESTAMP =TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, HOURLYINTERVAL, CONCAT(CURDATE(), " ",'00:00:00'));
SET PARTITION_NAME =DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
-- Create the partitioningquery
SET @__PARTITION_SQL =CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, "PARTITION BY RANGE(`clock`)");
SET @__PARTITION_SQL =CONCAT(@__PARTITION_SQL, "(PARTITION ", PARTITION_NAME, " VALUESLESS THAN (", UNIX_TIMESTAMP(FUTURE_TIMESTAMP), "));");
-- Run the partitioning query
PREPARE STMT FROM@__PARTITION_SQL;
EXECUTE STMT;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;