djangoAjax請求

Django Ajax POST請求

Django 中自帶了防止CSRF攻擊的功能，所以在表單或者Ajax發送POST的請求的時候，如果沒有帶有csrf_token ，請求會被拒絕

設置django表單提交

GET請求不需要csrf認證，POST請求需要認證才能得到正確的結果。一般在POST表單中加入

{% csrf_token%}

<form method="POST" action="/post-url/">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input name='zqxt' value="">
    <button type='submit'>提交</button>
</form>

設置Ajax POST 提交

模板中<script>標籤寫法

<script type="text/javascript">
$.ajaxSetup({
    data: {csrfmiddlewaretoken: '{{ csrf_token }}' }
});
</script>

在模板裏的<script>標籤中直接加上如上的代碼，然後ajax post請求就跟之前一樣使用即可

引入js寫法，引入csrf.js

js代碼如下

/*====================django ajax ======*/
jQuery(document).ajaxSend(function(event, xhr, settings) {
    function getCookie(name) {
        var cookieValue = null;
        if (document.cookie && document.cookie != '') {
            var cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
            for (var i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
                var cookie = jQuery.trim(cookies[i]);
                // Does this cookie string begin with the name we want?
                if (cookie.substring(0, name.length + 1) == (name + '=')) {
                    cookieValue = decodeURIComponent(cookie.substring(name.length + 1));
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return cookieValue;
    }
    function sameOrigin(url) {
        // url could be relative or scheme relative or absolute
        var host = document.location.host; // host + port
        var protocol = document.location.protocol;
        var sr_origin = '//' + host;
        var origin = protocol + sr_origin;
        // Allow absolute or scheme relative URLs to same origin
        return (url == origin || url.slice(0, origin.length + 1) == origin + '/') ||
            (url == sr_origin || url.slice(0, sr_origin.length + 1) == sr_origin + '/') ||
            // or any other URL that isn't scheme relative or absolute i.e relative.
            !(/^(\/\/|http:|https:).*/.test(url));
    }
    function safeMethod(method) {
        return (/^(GET|HEAD|OPTIONS|TRACE)$/.test(method));
    }

    if (!safeMethod(settings.type) && sameOrigin(settings.url)) {
        xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", getCookie('csrftoken'));
    }
});
/*===============================django ajax end===*/

也可以

在views.py裏面添加from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
在你ajax要用到的方法前面加一個@csrf_exempt

項目案例：

模板HTML

<h1>Django ajax POST 方法測試</h1>
<input id="ajaxTest" value=""><button id="send">ajax測試POST</button><br>
測試結果：<h4 style="color: red" id="result"></h4>
csrf_token:{{ csrf_token }}

模板js

需要引入jquery

<script type="text/javascript">
$.ajaxSetup({
    data: {csrfmiddlewaretoken: '{{ csrf_token }}' }
});
$('#send').click(function () {
    $.ajax({
    type:'POST',
    url:'/testAjax',
    data: {'test':$('#ajaxTest').val()},
    success: function (data) {
        if(data.state = 1){
             $('#result').text("POST請求成功！返回值爲："+data.info);
        }
        console.log(data)
    }
})
});
</script>

url.py

from language import views as language_views
url(r'^testAjax', language_views.test_ajax)

views.py

from django.http import JsonResponse
def test_ajax(request):
    result = {}
    if request.POST:
        result['state'] = 1
        result['info'] = request.POST.get('test')
    return JsonResponse(result)

或者註釋掉settings裏的一箇中間件：

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', # 這個中間件註釋掉
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

效果：