Springboot異步任務執行及監控
除了自己實現線程外,springboot本身就提供了通過註解的方式,進行異步任務的執行。下面主要記錄一下,在Springboot項目中實現異步任務,以及對異步任務進行封裝監控。
1 開啓異步支持
想要使用springboot的註解進行異步任務,首先要開啓springboot的異步任務支持。通過集成AsyncConfigurer接口,並實現getAsyncExcutor()方法,如下所示:
package com.springboot.demo.asyncTask.conf;
import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/30
* 配置spring boot 多線程支持
*/
@Configuration
@EnableAsync //開啓異步任務支持
public class SpringTaskExecutor implements AsyncConfigurer {
@Override
public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(20);
taskExecutor.initialize();
return taskExecutor;
}
@Override
public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
return null;
}
}
通過上面方法,就可以實現Spring boot的異步任務支持。然後只需要在想要進行異步的方法前添加@Async註解就可以了,如下圖所示:
package com.springboot.demo.asyncTask.service;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/31
* 異步任務執行器
*/
@Component
public class AsyncTaskExecutor {
private static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncTaskExecutor.class);
@Async
public void executor(AsyncTaskConstructor asyncTaskGenerator, String taskInfo) {
LOG.info("AsyncTaskExecutor is executing async task:{}", taskInfo);
asyncTaskGenerator.async();
}
}
2 異步任務封裝監控
2.1 封裝思路
提供一個異步任務的管理器,管理器可以實現異步任務的提交、保存任務信息、獲取任務信息等功能。
提供一個異步任務的監控器,用於監控異步任務執行狀況,並把執行信息保存到緩存中,並記錄任務執行時間。
提供一個異步任務的構造器,用於構造異步方法。
提供一個異步任務的執行器,用於執行管理器提交的使用構造器構造的異步方法。
2.2 效果展示
2.2.1 啓動異步任務
2.2.2 查看任務狀態
2.3 編碼實現
2.3.1 conf包
主要是配置springboot的線程池,開啓spring boot支持異步支持
2.3.1.1 SpringTaskExcutor.java
package com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.conf;
import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/30
* 配置spring boot 多線程支持
*/
@Configuration
@EnableAsync //開啓異步任務支持
public class SpringTaskExecutor implements AsyncConfigurer {
@Override
public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(20);
taskExecutor.initialize();
return taskExecutor;
}
@Override
public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
return null;
}
}
2.3.2 entity包
主要存放TaskInfo實例類用於保存任務信息,TaskStatusEnmu枚舉類用來存放任務狀態。
2.3.2.1 TaskInfo.java
package com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.entity;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/31
* 任務信息
*/
public class TaskInfo {
private String taskId;
private TaskStatusEnum status;
private Date startTime;
private Date endTime;
private String totalTime;
public TaskStatusEnum getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(TaskStatusEnum status) {
this.status = status;
}
public void setTotalTime(String totalTime) {
this.totalTime = totalTime;
}
public String getTaskId() {
return taskId;
}
public void setTaskId(String taskId) {
this.taskId = taskId;
}
public Date getStartTime() {
return startTime;
}
public void setStartTime(Date startTime) {
this.startTime = startTime;
}
public Date getEndTime() {
return endTime;
}
public void setEndTime(Date endTime) {
this.endTime = endTime;
}
public String getTotalTime() {
return totalTime;
}
public void setTotalTime() {
this.totalTime = (this.endTime.getTime() - this.startTime.getTime()) + "ms";
}
}
2.3.2.2 TaskStatusEnum.java
package com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.entity;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/31
* 任務狀態枚舉
*/
public enum TaskStatusEnum {
STARTED(1, "任務已經啓動"),
RUNNING(0, "任務正在運行"),
SUCCESS(2, "任務執行成功"),
FAILED(-2, "任務執行失敗");
private int state;
private String stateInfo;
TaskStatusEnum(int state, String stateInfo) {
this.state = state;
this.stateInfo = stateInfo;
}
public int getState() {
return state;
}
public String getStateInfo() {
return stateInfo;
}
}
2.3.3 manager包
存放要不任務的管理類和監控類
2.3.3.1 AsyncTaskManager.java
package com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.manager;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.entity.TaskInfo;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.entity.TaskStatusEnum;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.service.AsyncTaskConstructor;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.service.AsyncTaskExecutor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/31
* 異步任務管理器
*/
@Component
public class AsyncTaskManager {
private Map<String, TaskInfo> taskContainer = new HashMap<>(16);
@Autowired
AsyncTaskExecutor asyncTaskExecutor;
/**
* 初始化任務
*
* @return taskInfo
*/
public TaskInfo initTask() {
TaskInfo taskInfo = new TaskInfo();
taskInfo.setTaskId(getTaskId());
taskInfo.setStatus(TaskStatusEnum.STARTED);
taskInfo.setStartTime(new Date());
setTaskInfo(taskInfo);
return taskInfo;
}
/**
* 初始化任務
* @param asyncTaskConstructor 異步任務構造器
* @return taskInfo
*/
public TaskInfo submit(AsyncTaskConstructor asyncTaskConstructor) {
TaskInfo info = initTask();
String taskId = info.getTaskId();
asyncTaskExecutor.executor(asyncTaskConstructor,taskId);
return info;
}
/**
* 保存任務信息
*
* @param taskInfo 任務信息
*/
public void setTaskInfo(TaskInfo taskInfo) {
taskContainer.put(taskInfo.getTaskId(), taskInfo);
}
/**
* 獲取任務信息
*
* @param taskId 任務ID
* @return
*/
public TaskInfo getTaskInfo(String taskId) {
return taskContainer.get(taskId);
}
/**
* 獲取任務狀態
*
* @param taskId 任務ID
* @return
*/
public TaskStatusEnum getTaskStatus(String taskId) {
return getTaskInfo(taskId).getStatus();
}
/**
* 生成任務ID
*
* @return taskId
*/
public String getTaskId() {
return UUID.randomUUID().toString();
}
}
2.3.3.2 AsyncTaskMonitor.java
異步任務的監控主要是利用了spring的AOP面向切面,在異步方法的執行前和執行後進行監控,判斷任務狀態,並記錄任務信息。
package com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.manager;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.entity.TaskInfo;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.entity.TaskStatusEnum;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/31
* 異步任務監控
*/
@Component
@Aspect
public class AsyncTaskMonitor {
@Autowired
AsyncTaskManager manager;
private static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncTaskMonitor.class);
@Around("execution(* com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.service.AsyncTaskExecutor.*(..))")
public void taskHandle(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) {
//獲取taskId
String taskId = pjp.getArgs()[1].toString();
//獲取任務信息
TaskInfo taskInfo = manager.getTaskInfo(taskId);
LOG.info("AsyncTaskMonitor is monitoring async task:{}", taskId);
taskInfo.setStatus(TaskStatusEnum.RUNNING);
manager.setTaskInfo(taskInfo);
TaskStatusEnum status = null;
try {
pjp.proceed();
status = TaskStatusEnum.SUCCESS;
} catch (Throwable throwable) {
status = TaskStatusEnum.FAILED;
LOG.error("AsyncTaskMonitor:async task {} is failed.Error info:{}", taskId, throwable.getMessage());
}
taskInfo.setEndTime(new Date());
taskInfo.setStatus(status);
taskInfo.setTotalTime();
manager.setTaskInfo(taskInfo);
}
}
2.3.4 service包
主要存放異步任務的方法構造器和執行器。
2.3.4.1 AsyncTaskConstructor
通過該接口可以構建想要實現的異步方法。只要new 一下接口實例,然後重寫李曼的async()方法即可。
package com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.service;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/31
* 異步任務構造器
*/
public interface AsyncTaskConstructor {
public void async();
}
2.3.4.2 AsyncTaskExecutor.java
異步任務執行器
package com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.service;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/31
* 異步任務執行器
*/
@Component
public class AsyncTaskExecutor {
private static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncTaskExecutor.class);
@Async
public void executor(AsyncTaskConstructor asyncTaskGenerator, String taskInfo) {
LOG.info("AsyncTaskExecutor is executing async task:{}", taskInfo);
asyncTaskGenerator.async();
}
}
3 應用
實現兩個接口,一個是開啓一個異步任務,另一個是查看任務狀態。
想要使用我們剛纔分裝好的異步任務,只需要將AsyncTaskManager注入到程序中。
package com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.orchestrations.controller;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.entity.TaskInfo;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.asynctask.manager.AsyncTaskManager;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.common.rest.RestMessage;
import com.emcc.hiacloud.analytics.common.util.RestMessageUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* Created by shirukai on 2018/7/31
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/v1/asynctask")
public class AsyncTaskController {
//注入異步任務管理器
@Autowired
AsyncTaskManager asyncTaskManager;
@RequestMapping(value = "/startTask", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public RestMessage startAsyncTask() {
//調用任務管理器中的submit去提交一個異步任務
TaskInfo taskInfo = asyncTaskManager.submit(() -> {
System.out.println("__________");
try {
//模擬異步,睡眠6秒
Thread.sleep(30000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("__________");
});
return RestMessageUtil.objectToRestMessage(taskInfo);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/getTaskStatus", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public RestMessage getTaskStatus(
@RequestParam("taskId") String taskId) {
return RestMessageUtil.objectToRestMessage(asyncTaskManager.getTaskInfo(taskId));
}
}