Linux下定位命令總結
Table of Contents
1 whereis :顯示指令的二進制程序、源代碼文件和man手冊的路徑
- 查找所有信息
~$ whereis emacs emacs: /usr/bin/emacs /etc/emacs /usr/lib/emacs /usr/bin/X11/emacs /usr/share/emacs /usr/share/man/man1/emacs.1.gz
- 僅查找二進制程序
~$ whereis -b emacs emacs: /usr/bin/emacs /etc/emacs /usr/lib/emacs /usr/bin/X11/emacs /usr/share/emacs
- 僅查找源代碼文件
~$ whereis -s emacs emacs:
- 僅查找man手冊頁
~$ whereis -m emacs emacs: /usr/share/man/man1/emacs.1.gz
2 which : 僅顯示指令的絕對路徑
和whereis不同的是,which只能顯示指令的絕對路徑。
~$ which emacs /usr/bin/emacs
3 locate/slocate :快速定位文件的路徑
locate指令利用事先建立的系統中左右文件名稱及路徑的數據庫,從而實現快速定位。如果該數據庫比較陳舊,使用updatedb即可更新。和whereis以及which相比,locate可以查找普通文件,只要是帶有搜索關鍵字的都會輸出,因此內容會比較多。
- 輸出符合條件的文件總數
~$ locate -c emacs 3737
- 輸出所有匹配條目
~$ locate emacs
/usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/mmgeneric.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/ntlm.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/ntlm.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/qmtp.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/qmtp.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-cram.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-cram.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-digest.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-digest.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-ntlm.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-ntlm.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-scram.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl-scram.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sasl.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1-dl.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1-dl.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1-el.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1-el.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/flim/sha1.elc /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/w3m/shimbun/sb-atmarkit.el /usr/share/emacs23/site-lisp/w3m/shimbun/sb-atmarkit.elc ........ /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacsen-common.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacsen-common.postinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacsen-common.postrm /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacsen-common.prerm /var/lib/emacsen-common/installed-flavors