angularjs中的controller主要負責業務邏輯的處理、數據模型,頁面元素的展示等,通常一個controller會依賴一個或者多個service,通過service從數據庫拉數據後保存到controller,controller的簡陋的例子如下:
app.controller(‘EventController’,[‘
$scope.events=events;
});
}]);
實際項目中的Service可能是這個樣子的:
app.factory(‘EventService’, [‘
function(
return {
getEvents: function() {
var deferred = $q.defer();
$http.get('/events.json').success(function(result) {
deferred.resolve(result);
}).error(function(result) {
deferred.reject(result);
});
return deferred.promise;
}
};
}]);
通常是返回一個Promise,當數據都加載完成後執行controller中的then方法,關於Promise的更多討論,有興趣的可以戳 http://hcc0926.blog.51cto.com/172833/1614576 http://hcc0926.blog.51cto.com/172833/1614586 http://hcc0926.blog.51cto.com/172833/1554745
測試依賴service的controller
通常來講,在單元級別的測試中,我們不希望Service真正的發送請求,只是需要一個模擬的service,這個service只存在於我們要測試的controller中。我們先看一個例子:
var app = angular.module(‘MyApp’);
describe(“EventController”, function() {
var scope, q;
var controllerFactory;
var mockSerivce = {};
var events = [“event1”, “event2”, “event3”];
//注入controller所需要的angular服務,
beforeEach(function() {
module(“MyApp”);
inject(function(
controllerFactory = controller;
scope =
q = $q;
});
});
//mock一個service,通過jasmine的createSpy方法創建一個替代方法,當調用service的相關方法時返//回這個替代方法,數據被包含到promise中,
beforeEach(function() {
var deferred = q.defer();
deferred.resolve(events);
mockSerivce.getEvents = jasmine.createSpy(‘getEvents’);
mockSerivce.getEvents.andReturn(deferred.promise);
});
//通過這個方法實例化controller
function initController() {
return controllerFactory(‘EventController’, {
$scope: scope,
EventService: mockSerivce
});
}
//每次測試controller都要實例化一次controller
it(“should have a events list”, function() {
initController();
scope.$digest();
expect(scope.events.length).toEqual(3);
expect(scope.events).toEqual(events);
});
});
參考:http://icodeit.org/2013/12/how-to-test-controller-in-angularjs/