【免責申明】本文只爲學習使用，若有用作商業、其他行爲，與本人無關。
使用工具
- UI bootstrap
- 後臺C#
- 插件 datetimepicker.js，select.js
UI界面效果預覽
UI界面源碼
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no">
<title>火車搶票系統</title>
<link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="css/bootstrap-datetimepicker.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="css/bootstrap-select.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<style>
body{
width:90%;
margin:0 5%;
}
table th{
text-align:center;
}
td{
text-align:center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default ">
<div class="container-fluid">
<p class="navbar-text navbar-right" style="padding-right:5%;"> <a href="#" class="navbar-link" onclick="Login()"> 登錄 </a><a href="#" class="navbar-link" onclik="LoginOut()"> 退出 </a></p>
</div>
</nav>
<form class="form-horizontal" >
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-md-1 control-label">出發地</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<select class="selectpicker" data-live-search="true" id="FromStation">
</select>
</div>
<label class="col-md-1 control-label">目的地</label>
<div class="col-md-2 ">
<select class="selectpicker" data-live-search="true" id="ToStation">
</select>
</div>
<label class="col-md-1 control-label">出發日</label>
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="txtTranDate" placeholder="請輸入出發日期">
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary " id="btnSearch">查詢</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
<div>
<table class="table table-bordered table-hover" >
<thead style="background-color:turquoise"><tr><th>車次</th><th>出發站<br />到達站</th><th>出發時間<br />到達時間</th><th>歷時</th><th>商務座<br />特等座</th><th>一等座</th><th>二等座</th><th>高級<br />軟臥</th><th>軟臥</th><th>動臥</th><th>硬臥</th><th>軟座</th><th>硬座</th><th>無座</th><th>其他</th><th>備註</th></tr></thead>
<tbody id="tbTranContent"></tbody>
</table>
</div>
<script src="scripts/jquery-1.11.1.min.js"></script>
<script src="scripts/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="scripts/bootstrap-datetimepicker.min.js" ></script>
<script src="scripts/locales/bootstrap-datetimepicker.zh-CN.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script src="scripts/bootstrap-select.min.js"></script>
<script src="scripts/layer/layer.js"></script>
<script src="scripts/index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>後臺
主要的功能查詢火車票、查詢到站信息、查詢價格、獲取驗證碼、校驗驗證碼、校驗密碼
主要的技術還是利用HttpWebRequest、HttpWebResponse來調用12306的接口。
登錄界面
獲取驗證碼接口：
調用的12306的接口獲取文件流，然後出入二進制流。
void GetValidateImg(HttpContext context)
{
#region 獲取登錄驗證碼
string url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-image?login_site=E&module=login&rand=sjrand";
Stream stream = GetStreamByGet(url);
if (stream != null)
{
List<byte> bytes = new List<byte>();
int i = stream.ReadByte();
while (i != -1)
{
bytes.Add((byte)i);
i = stream.ReadByte();
}
context.Response.Clear();
context.Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg";
context.Response.BinaryWrite(bytes.ToArray());
}
#endregion
}校驗驗證碼：12306的驗證碼是290px*190px的圖片，每個照片分爲8個小的圖片。12306根據點擊小圖片的相對座標。例如第二張小圖片相對於整張的座標（左上角爲0,0）爲50,90,。到時候post請求時候帶的參數就是answer=50,90。
void ValidateCode(HttpContext context)
{
#region 校驗驗證碼
string answer = "";
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request["answer"]))
answer = context.Request["answer"];
string url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-check";//
string result = GetValidhtmlByPost(url, "answer=" + answer + "&login_site=E&rand=sjrand");
context.Response.Write(result);
context.Response.End();
#endregion
}登陸
登陸需要post參數（username，password，appid）
void Login(HttpContext context)
{
#region 登錄
string username = "";
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request["username"]))
username = context.Request["username"];
string password = "";
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request["password"]))
password = context.Request["password"];
string url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/login";
string result = GetValidhtmlByPost(url, "username=" + username + "&password="+ password + "&appid=otn");
context.Response.Write(result);
context.Response.End();
#endregion
}HttpWebRequest 模擬get請求：
因爲12306是Https，所以有安全證書，和一般http請求有一些小的區別。
//回調驗證證書問題
private bool CheckValidationResult(object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain, SslPolicyErrors errors)
{
// 總是接受
return true;
}
/// <summary>
/// get請求（有證書驗證）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Url">URL</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private string GetValidhtmlByGet(string Url)
{
HttpWebRequest webRequest;
HttpWebResponse webResponse;
try
{
//這一句一定要寫在創建連接的前面。使用回調的方法進行證書驗證。
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new System.Net.Security.RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckValidationResult);
ServicePointManager.CheckCertificateRevocationList = true;
webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url);
webRequest.Method = "GET";
webRequest.Accept = "*/*";
// 獲取對應HTTP請求的響應
webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
// 獲取響應流
Stream responseStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
// 對接響應流(以"utf-8"字符集)
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
string result = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return "";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 獲取文件流
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Url"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private Stream GetStreamByGet(string Url)
{
HttpWebRequest webRequest;
HttpWebResponse webResponse;
cookie = new CookieContainer();
try
{
//這一句一定要寫在創建連接的前面。使用回調的方法進行證書驗證。
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new System.Net.Security.RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckValidationResult);
ServicePointManager.CheckCertificateRevocationList = true;
webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url);
webRequest.Method = "GET";
webRequest.Accept = "*/*";
webRequest.CookieContainer = cookie;
// 獲取對應HTTP請求的響應
webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
// 獲取響應流
Stream responseStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
return responseStream;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return null;
}
}
///<summary>
///post請求（有證書驗證）
///</summary>
///<param name="URL">url地址</param>
///<param name="strPostdata">發送的數據</param>
///<returns></returns>
public string GetValidhtmlByPost(string url, string strPostData)
{
HttpWebRequest webRequest;
HttpWebResponse webResponse;
try
{
// 這一句一定要寫在創建連接的前面。使用回調的方法進行證書驗證。
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new System.Net.Security.RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckValidationResult);
ServicePointManager.CheckCertificateRevocationList = true;
webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
webRequest.Method = "POST";
webRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
webRequest.KeepAlive = true;
webRequest.CookieContainer = cookie;
byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strPostData);
webRequest.ContentLength = buffer.Length;
webRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
string result = reader.ReadToEnd();
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return ex.Message;
}
}Demo地址
http://download.csdn.net/download/qq237183141/10024750
關於
- 技術層面就是HTTPWebRequest、HttpWebResponse，這兩個類。
- 主要是12306業務的邏輯，例如查詢火車的json數據很亂，本人也是一個一個對着12306的頁面，才一一找到的業務的含義。
- 希望大家還是買票還是去12306上買，本文只爲學習上使用。歡迎大家一起學習。