架构设计：系统间通信（11）——RPC实例Apache Thrift 上篇

原創 灬六道魔君灬 2018-08-24 07:09

版权声明：欢迎转载，但是看在我辛勤劳动的份上，请注明来源：http://blog.csdn.net/yinwenjie（未经允许严禁用于商业用途！）

目录(?)[+]

1、概述

通过上一篇文章《架构设计：系统间通信（10）——RPC的基本概念》的介绍，相信读者已经理解了基本的RPC概念。为了加深这个理解，后面几篇文章我将详细讲解一款典型的RPC规范的实现Apache Thrift。Apache Thrift的介绍一共分为三篇文章，上篇讲解Apache Thrift的基本使用；中篇讲解Apache Thrift的工作原理（主要围绕Apache Thrift使用的消息格式封装、支持的网络IO模型和它的客户端请求处理方式）；下篇对Apache Thrift的不足进行分析，并基于Apache Thrift实现一个自己设计的RPC服务治理的管理方案。这样对我们后续理解Dubbo的服务治理方式会有很好的帮助作用。

2、基本知识

Thrift最初由facebook开发用做系统内各语言之间的RPC框架 。2007年由facebook贡献到apache基金 ，08年5月进入apache孵化器 ，称为Apache Thrift。和其他RPC实现相比，Apache Thrift主要的有点是：支持的语言多（C++, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Erlang, Perl, Haskell, C#, Cocoa, Smalltalk等多种语言）、并发性能高（还记得上篇文章中，我们提到的影响RPC性能的几个关键点吗？）。

为了支持多种语言，Apache Thrift有一套自己的接口定义语言，并且通过Apache Thrift的代码生成程序，能够生成各种编程语言的代码。这样是保证各种语言进行通讯的前提条件。为了能够实现简单的Apache Thrift实例，首先我们就需要讲解一下Apache Thrift的IDL。

2-1、Thrift代码生成程序安装

如果您是在windows环境下运行进行Apache Thrift的试验，那么您无需安装任何工具，直接下载Apache Thrift在windows下的代码生成程序http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?path=/thrift/0.9.3/thrift-0.9.3.exe（在这篇文章写作时，使用的是Apache Thrift的0.9.3版本）；如果您运行在Linux系统下，那么下载http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?path=/thrift/0.9.3/thrift-0.9.3.tar.gz，并进行编译、安装（过程很简单，这里就不再赘述了）。安装后记得添加运行位置到环境变量中。

2-2、IDL格式概要

以下是一个简单的IDL文件定义：

<code class="hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 命名空间的定义 注意‘java’的关键字</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">namespace</span> java testThrift.iface

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 结构体定义</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> Request {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:required <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> paramJSON;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>:required <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> serviceName;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 另一个结构体定义</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> Reponse {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:required  RESCODE responeCode;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>:required  <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> responseJSON;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 异常描述定义</span>
exception ServiceException {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:required EXCCODE exceptionCode;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>:required <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> exceptionMess;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 枚举定义</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">enum</span> RESCODE {
    _200=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>;
    _500=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">500</span>;
    _400=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">400</span>;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 另一个枚举</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">enum</span> EXCCODE {
    PARAMNOTFOUND = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2001</span>;
    SERVICENOTFOUND = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2002</span>;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 服务定义</span>
service HelloWorldService {
    Reponse send(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:Request request) throws (<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:ServiceException e);
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li></ul>

以上IDL文件是可以直接用来生成各种语言的代码的。下面给出常用的各种不同语言的代码生成命令：

<code class="hljs vala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成java</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen java ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成c++</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen cpp ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成php</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen php ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成node.js</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen js:node ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成c#</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen csharp ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 您可以通过以下命令查看生成命令的格式</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -help</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li></ul>

2-2-1、基本类型

基本类型就是：不管哪一种语言，都支持的数据形式表现。Apache Thrift中支持以下几种基本类型：

  • bool: 布尔值 (true or false), one byte
  • byte: 有符号字节
  • i16: 16位有符号整型
  • i32: 32位有符号整型
  • i64: 64位有符号整型
  • double: 64位浮点型
  • string: 字符串/字符数组
  • binary: 二进制数据（在java中表现为java.nio.ByteBuffer）

2-2-2、struct结构

在面向对象语言中，表现为“类定义”；在弱类型语言、动态语言中，表现为“结构/结构体”。定义格式如下：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">struct <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">结构体名称</span>></span> {
        <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">序号</span>></span>:[字段性质] <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">字段类型</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">字段名称</span>></span> [= <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">默认值</span>></span>] [;|,]
}
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

实例：

<code class="hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> Request {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:required binary paramJSON;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>:required <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> serviceName
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>:optional i32 field1 = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>:optional i64 field2,
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>: <span class="hljs-stl_container" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">list</span><<span class="hljs-stl_container" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">map</span><<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> , <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span>></span>></span> fields3
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

  • 结构体名称：可以按照您的业务需求，给定不同的名称（区分大小写）。但是要注意，一组IDL定义文件中结构体名称不能重复，且不能使用IDL已经占用的关键字（例如required 、struct 等单词）。

  • 序号：序号非常重要。正整数，按照顺序排列使用。这个属性在Apache Thrift进行序列化的时候被使用。

  • 字段性质：包括两种关键字：required 和 optional，如果您不指定，那么系统会默认为required。required表示这个字段必须有值，并且Apache Thrift在进行序列化时，这个字段都会被序列化；optional表示这个字段不一定有值，且Apache Thrift在进行序列化时，这个字段只有有值的情况下才会被序列化。

  • 字段类型：在struct中，字段类型可以是某一个基础类型，也可以是某一个之前定义好的struct，还可以是某种Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），还可以是定义好的枚举。字段的类型是必须指定的。

  • 字段名称：字段名称区分大小写，不能重复，且不能使用IDL已经占用的关键字（例如required 、struct 等单词）。

  • 默认值：您可以为某一个字段指定默认值（也可以不指定）。

  • 结束符：在struct中，支持两种结束符，您可以使用“；”或者“，”。当然您也可以不使用结束符（Apache Thrift代码生成程序，会自己识别到）

2-2-3、containers集合/容器

Apache Thrift支持三种类型的容器，容器在各种编程语言中普遍存在：

  • list< T >：有序列表（JAVA中表现为ArrayList），T可以是某种基础类型，也可以是某一个之前定义好的struct，还可以是某种Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），还可以是定义好的枚举。有序列表中的元素允许重复。

  • set< T >：无序元素集合（JAVA中表现为HashSet），T可以是某种基础类型，也可以是某一个之前定义好的struct，还可以是某种Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），还可以是定义好的枚举。无序元素集合中的元素不允许重复，一旦重复后一个元素将覆盖前一个元素。

  • map

2-2-4、enmu枚举

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">enum <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">枚举名称</span>></span> {
        <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">枚举字段名</span>></span> = <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">枚举值</span>></span>[;|,]
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

示例如下：

<code class="hljs rust has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">enum</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">RESCODE</span> {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">_200</span>=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">_500</span>=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">500</span>;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">_400</span>=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">400</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

2-2-5、常量定义

Apache Thrift允许定义常量。常量的关键字为“const”，常量的类型可以是Apache Thrift的基础类型，也可以是某一个之前定义好的struct，还可以是某种Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），还可以是定义好的枚举。示例如下：

<code class="hljs rust has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">i32</span> MY_INT_CONST = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">111111</span>; 

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">i64</span> MY_LONG_CONST = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">11111122222222333333334444444</span>;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> RESCODE MY_RESCODE = RESCODE.<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">_200</span>;</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

2-2-6、exception 异常

Apache Thrift的exception，主要在定义服务接口时使用。其定义方式类似于struct（您可以理解成，把struct关键字换成exception关键字即可），示例如下：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">exception <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ServiceException</span> {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:required</span> <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">EXCCODE</span> exceptionCode;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:required</span> string exceptionMess;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

2-2-7、service 服务接口

Apache Thrift中最重要的IDL定义之一。在后续的代码生成阶段，通过IDL定义的这些服务将构成Apache Thrift客户端调用Apache Thrift服务端的基本远端过程。service服务接口的定义形式如下所示：

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">service <服务名称> {
    <void | 返回指类型> <服务方法名>([<入参序号>:[required | optional] <参数类型> <参数名> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>]) [throws ([<异常序号>:[required | optional] <异常类型> <异常参数名><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>])]
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

  • 服务名称：服务名可以按照您的业务需求自行制定，注意服务名是区分大小写的。IDL中服务名称只有两个限制，就是不能重复使用相同的名称，不能使用IDL已经占用的关键字（例如required 、struct 等单词）。

  • 返回值类型：如果这个调用方法没有返回类型，那么可以关键字“void”; 可以是Apache Thrift的基础类型，也可以是某一个之前定义好的struct，还可以是某种Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），还可以是定义好的枚举。

  • 服务方法名：服务方法名可以根据您的业务需求自定制定，注意区分大小写。在同一个服务中，不能重复使用一个服务方法名命名多个方法（一定要注意），不能使用IDL已经占用的关键字。

  • 服务方法参数：<入参序号>:[required | optional] <参数类型> <参数名>。注意和struct中的字段定义相似，可以指定required或者optional；如果不指定则系统默认为required 。如果一个服务方法中有多个参数名，那么这些参数名称不能重复。

  • 服务方法异常：throws ([<异常序号>:[required | optional] <异常类型> <异常参数名>。throws关键字是服务方法异常定义的开始点。在throws关键字后面，可以定义1个或者多个不同的异常类型。

Apache Thrift服务定义的示例如下：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">service <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">HelloWorldService</span> {
    <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Reponse</span> send(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:Request</span> request) throws (<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:ServiceException</span> e);
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

2-2-8、namespace命名空间

Apache Thrift支持为不同语言制定不同的命名空间：

<code class="hljs fsharp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">namespace</span> java testThrift.iface

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">namespace</span> php testThrift.iface

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">namespace</span> cpp testThrift.iface</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

2-2-9、注释

Apache Thrift 支持多种风格的注释。这是为了适应不同语言背景的开发者：

<code class="hljs vala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*
* 注释方式1：
**/</span>

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 注释方式2</span>

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 注释方式3</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

2-2-10、include关键字

如果您的整个工程中有多个IDL定义文件（IDL定义文件的文件名可以随便取）。那么您可以使用include关键字，在IDL定义文件A中，引入一个其他的IDL文件：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">include</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"other.thrift"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

请注意，一定使用双引号（不要用成中文的双引号咯），并且不使用“;”或者“,”结束符。

以上就是IDL基本的语法了，由于篇幅原因不可能把每种语法、每一个细节都讲到，但是以上的语法要点已经足够您编辑一个适应业务的，灵活的IDL定义了。如果您需要了解更详细的Thrift IDL语法，可以参考官方文档的讲述：http://thrift.apache.org/docs/idl

2-3、最简单的Thrift代码

  • 定义Thrift中业务接口HelloWorldService.Iface的实现：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> testThrift.impl;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.TException;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.HelloWorldService.Iface;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.RESCODE;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.Reponse;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.Request;

<span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
 * 我们定义了一个HelloWorldService.Iface接口的具体实现。<br>
 * 注意，这个父级接口：HelloWorldService.Iface，是由thrift的代码生成工具生成的<br>
 * 要运行这段代码，请导入maven-log4j的支持。否则修改LOGGER.info方法
 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span> yinwenjie
 */</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HelloWorldServiceImpl</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Iface</span> {</span>
    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 日志
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Log LOGGER = LogFactory.getLog(HelloWorldServiceImpl.class);

    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 在接口定义中，只有一个方法需要实现。<br>
     * HelloWorldServiceImpl.send(Request request) throws TException <br>
     * 您可以理解成这个接口的方法接受客户端的一个Request对象，并且在处理完成后向客户端返回一个Reponse对象<br>
     * Request对象和Reponse对象都是由IDL定义的结构，并通过“代码生成工具”生成相应的JAVA代码。
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Reponse <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">send</span>(Request request) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> TException {
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*
         * 这里就是进行具体的业务处理了。
         * */</span>
        String json = request.getParamJSON();
        String serviceName = request.getServiceName();
        HelloWorldServiceImpl.LOGGER.info(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"得到的json："</span> + json + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" ；得到的serviceName: "</span> + serviceName);

        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 构造返回信息</span>
        Reponse response = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Reponse();
        response.setResponeCode(RESCODE._200);
        response.setResponseJSON(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"{\"user\":\"yinwenjie\"}"</span>);
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> response;
    } 
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li></ul>

各位可以看到，上面一段代码中具体业务和过程和普通的业务代码没有任何区别。甚至这段代码的实现都不知道自己将被Apache Thrift框架中的客户端调用。

  • 然后我们开始书写Apache Thrift的服务器端代码：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> testThrift.man;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.util.concurrent.Executors;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.TProcessor;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer.Args;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.HelloWorldService;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.HelloWorldService.Iface;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.impl.HelloWorldServiceImpl;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HelloBoServerDemo</span> {</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> {
        BasicConfigurator.configure();
    }

    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 日志
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Log LOGGER =LogFactory.getLog(HelloBoServerDemo.class);

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> SERVER_PORT = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">9111</span>;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">startServer</span>() {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> {
            HelloBoServerDemo.LOGGER.info(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"看到这句就说明thrift服务端准备工作 ...."</span>);

            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 服务执行控制器（只要是调度服务的具体实现该如何运行）</span>
            TProcessor tprocessor = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HelloWorldService.Processor<Iface>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HelloWorldServiceImpl());

            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 基于阻塞式同步IO模型的Thrift服务，正式生产环境不建议用这个</span>
            TServerSocket serverTransport = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TServerSocket(HelloBoServerDemo.SERVER_PORT);

            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 为这个服务器设置对应的IO网络模型、设置使用的消息格式封装、设置线程池参数</span>
            Args tArgs = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Args(serverTransport);
            tArgs.processor(tprocessor);
            tArgs.protocolFactory(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TBinaryProtocol.Factory());
            tArgs.executorService(Executors.newFixedThreadPool(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>));

            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 启动这个thrift服务</span>
            TThreadPoolServer server = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TThreadPoolServer(tArgs);
            server.serve();
        } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (Exception e) {
            HelloBoServerDemo.LOGGER.error(e);
        }
    }

    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> args
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) {
        HelloBoServerDemo server = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HelloBoServerDemo();
        server.startServer();
    }
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li></ul>

以上的代码有几点需要说明：

  1. TBinaryProtocol：这个类代码Apache Thrift特有的一种二进制描述格式。它的特点是传输单位数据量所使用的传输量更少。Apache Thrift还支持多种数据格式，例如我们熟悉的JSON格式。后文我们将详细介绍Apache Thrift中的数据格式。

  2. tArgs.executorService()：是不是觉得这个executorService很熟悉，是的这个就是Java JDK 1.5+ 后java.util.concurrent包提供的异步任务调度服务接口，Java标准线程池ThreadPoolExecutor就是它的一个实现。

  3. server.serve()，由于是使用的同步阻塞式网络IO模型，所以这个应用程序的主线程执行到这句话以后就会保持阻塞状态了。不过下层网络状态不出现错误，这个线程就会一直停在这里。

另外，同HelloWorldServiceImpl 类中的代码，请使用Log4j。如果您的测试工程里面没有Log4j，请改用System.out。

  • 接下来我们进行最简单的Apache Thrift Client的代码编写：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> testThrift.client;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.HelloWorldService;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.Reponse;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.Request;

<span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
 * 同样是基于同步阻塞模型的thrift client。
 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span> yinwenjie
 */</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HelloClient</span> {</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> {
        BasicConfigurator.configure();
    }

    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 日志
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Log LOGGER = LogFactory.getLog(HelloClient.class);

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> Exception {
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 服务器所在的IP和端口</span>
        TSocket transport = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TSocket(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"127.0.0.1"</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">9111</span>);
        TProtocol protocol = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TBinaryProtocol(transport);

        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 准备调用参数</span>
        Request request = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Request(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"{\"param\":\"field1\"}"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"\\mySerivce\\queryService"</span>);
        HelloWorldService.Client client = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HelloWorldService.Client(protocol);

        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 准备传输</span>
        transport.open();
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 正式调用接口</span>
        Reponse reponse = client.send(request);
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 一定要记住关闭</span>
        transport.close();

        HelloClient.LOGGER.info(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"response = "</span> + reponse);
    }
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li></ul>

  • Thrift客户端所使用的网络IO模型，必须要与Thrift服务器端所使用的网络IO模型一致。也就是说服务器端如果使用的是阻塞式同步IO模型，那么客户端就必须使用阻塞式同步IO模型。

  • Thrift客户端所使用的消息封装格式，必须要与Thrift服务器端所使用的消息封装格式一直。也就是说服务器端如果使用的是二进制流的消息格式TBinaryProtocol，那么客户端就必须同样使用二进制刘的消息格式TBinaryProtocol。

  • 其它的代码要么就是由IDL定义并由Thrift的代码生成工具生成；要么就不是重要的代码，所以为了节约篇幅就没有必要再贴出来了。以下是运行效果。

  • 服务器端运行效果

这里写图片描述

  • 服务器端收到客户端请求后，取出线程池中的线程进行运行

这里写图片描述

请注意服务器端在收到客户端请求后的运行方式：取出一条线程池中的线程，并且运行这个服务接口的具体实现。接下来我们马上介绍Apache Thrift的工作细节。

（接下文）

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