此文出現的所有軟件可在文章最後鏈接進行下載。
1、從 http://python.org/download/ 上安裝Python;
scrapy官網上明確寫出：requirements:Python 2.5, 2.6, 2.7 (3.x is not yet supported), 即目前只支持python2.5,2.6,2.7.3以上版本的python還不支持，而且Python2.7系列適合新手。另外，因爲ActiveState 製作的ActivePython 是專門針對 Windows 的 Python 套件，它包含了一個完整的 Python 發佈、一個適用於 Python 編程的 IDE 以及一些 Python 的 Windows 擴展，提供了全部的訪問 WindowsAPIs 的服務，以及 Windows 註冊表的註冊信息。 雖然ActivePython 不是開源軟件，但它可以自由下載，它也是python，沒有什麼不同。故此本人推薦安裝ActivePython，下載地址，http://www.activestate.com/Products/ActivePython/
在命令行使用python –version查看python版本，出現信息即安裝正確，將你安裝的路徑D:\python27\和D:\python27\Scripts\添加到環境變量中。
2、從 http://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/ 安裝 pywin32
請確認下載符合您系統的版本(win32或者amd64)
3、從 https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing.html 安裝pip
在命令行使用pip –version確認pip被正確安裝。
pip is already installed if you’re using Python 2 >=2.7.9 or Python 3 >=3.4 binaries downloaded from python.org, but you’ll need to upgrade pip.
在window下更新pip: 命令行下輸入python -m pip install -U pip
4、接下來步驟按照這篇文章http://blog.csdn.net/wukaibo1986/article/details/8167590 進行操作，因爲這篇文章是按照32位進行操作，所以我下面列出32位和64位安裝的不同：
1）第一步安裝python這裏是相同的，選擇64位版本即可。
接下來是安裝twisted的準備工作。
2）第二步安裝setuptools。這裏32位的setuptools在64位環境下也是可以使用的。因爲在windows64位下是沒有setuptools的exe文件，只能通過文件命令安裝。將下面的代碼複製，存儲爲ez_setup.py文件，存儲到python根目錄下：
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Setuptools bootstrapping installer.
Maintained at https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/tree/bootstrap.
Run this script to install or upgrade setuptools.
"""
import os
import shutil
import sys
import tempfile
import zipfile
import optparse
import subprocess
import platform
import textwrap
import contextlib
import json
import codecs
from distutils import log
try:
from urllib.request import urlopen
from urllib.parse import urljoin
except ImportError:
from urllib2 import urlopen
from urlparse import urljoin
try:
from site import USER_SITE
except ImportError:
USER_SITE = None
LATEST = object()
DEFAULT_VERSION = LATEST
DEFAULT_URL = "https://pypi.io/packages/source/s/setuptools/"
DEFAULT_SAVE_DIR = os.curdir
MEANINGFUL_INVALID_ZIP_ERR_MSG = 'Maybe {0} is corrupted, delete it and try again.'
def _python_cmd(*args):
"""
Execute a command.
Return True if the command succeeded.
"""
args = (sys.executable,) + args
return subprocess.call(args) == 0
def _install(archive_filename, install_args=()):
"""Install Setuptools."""
with archive_context(archive_filename):
# installing
log.warn('Installing Setuptools')
if not _python_cmd('setup.py', 'install', *install_args):
log.warn('Something went wrong during the installation.')
log.warn('See the error message above.')
# exitcode will be 2
return 2
def _build_egg(egg, archive_filename, to_dir):
"""Build Setuptools egg."""
with archive_context(archive_filename):
# building an egg
log.warn('Building a Setuptools egg in %s', to_dir)
_python_cmd('setup.py', '-q', 'bdist_egg', '--dist-dir', to_dir)
# returning the result
log.warn(egg)
if not os.path.exists(egg):
raise IOError('Could not build the egg.')
class ContextualZipFile(zipfile.ZipFile):
"""Supplement ZipFile class to support context manager for Python 2.6."""
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
self.close()
def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
"""Construct a ZipFile or ContextualZipFile as appropriate."""
if hasattr(zipfile.ZipFile, '__exit__'):
return zipfile.ZipFile(*args, **kwargs)
return super(ContextualZipFile, cls).__new__(cls)
@contextlib.contextmanager
def archive_context(filename):
"""
Unzip filename to a temporary directory, set to the cwd.
The unzipped target is cleaned up after.
"""
tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
log.warn('Extracting in %s', tmpdir)
old_wd = os.getcwd()
try:
os.chdir(tmpdir)
try:
with ContextualZipFile(filename) as archive:
archive.extractall()
except zipfile.BadZipfile as err:
if not err.args:
err.args = ('', )
err.args = err.args + (
MEANINGFUL_INVALID_ZIP_ERR_MSG.format(filename),
)
raise
# going in the directory
subdir = os.path.join(tmpdir, os.listdir(tmpdir)[0])
os.chdir(subdir)
log.warn('Now working in %s', subdir)
yield
finally:
os.chdir(old_wd)
shutil.rmtree(tmpdir)
def _do_download(version, download_base, to_dir, download_delay):
"""Download Setuptools."""
py_desig = 'py{sys.version_info[0]}.{sys.version_info[1]}'.format(sys=sys)
tp = 'setuptools-{version}-{py_desig}.egg'
egg = os.path.join(to_dir, tp.format(**locals()))
if not os.path.exists(egg):
archive = download_setuptools(version, download_base,
to_dir, download_delay)
_build_egg(egg, archive, to_dir)
sys.path.insert(0, egg)
# Remove previously-imported pkg_resources if present (see
# https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/pull-request/7/ for details).
if 'pkg_resources' in sys.modules:
_unload_pkg_resources()
import setuptools
setuptools.bootstrap_install_from = egg
def use_setuptools(
version=DEFAULT_VERSION, download_base=DEFAULT_URL,
to_dir=DEFAULT_SAVE_DIR, download_delay=15):
"""
Ensure that a setuptools version is installed.
Return None. Raise SystemExit if the requested version
or later cannot be installed.
"""
version = _resolve_version(version)
to_dir = os.path.abspath(to_dir)
# prior to importing, capture the module state for
# representative modules.
rep_modules = 'pkg_resources', 'setuptools'
imported = set(sys.modules).intersection(rep_modules)
try:
import pkg_resources
pkg_resources.require("setuptools>=" + version)
# a suitable version is already installed
return
except ImportError:
# pkg_resources not available; setuptools is not installed; download
pass
except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
# no version of setuptools was found; allow download
pass
except pkg_resources.VersionConflict as VC_err:
if imported:
_conflict_bail(VC_err, version)
# otherwise, unload pkg_resources to allow the downloaded version to
# take precedence.
del pkg_resources
_unload_pkg_resources()
return _do_download(version, download_base, to_dir, download_delay)
def _conflict_bail(VC_err, version):
"""
Setuptools was imported prior to invocation, so it is
unsafe to unload it. Bail out.
"""
conflict_tmpl = textwrap.dedent("""
The required version of setuptools (>={version}) is not available,
and can't be installed while this script is running. Please
install a more recent version first, using
'easy_install -U setuptools'.
(Currently using {VC_err.args[0]!r})
""")
msg = conflict_tmpl.format(**locals())
sys.stderr.write(msg)
sys.exit(2)
def _unload_pkg_resources():
sys.meta_path = [
importer
for importer in sys.meta_path
if importer.__class__.__module__ != 'pkg_resources.extern'
]
del_modules = [
name for name in sys.modules
if name.startswith('pkg_resources')
]
for mod_name in del_modules:
del sys.modules[mod_name]
def _clean_check(cmd, target):
"""
Run the command to download target.
If the command fails, clean up before re-raising the error.
"""
try:
subprocess.check_call(cmd)
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
if os.access(target, os.F_OK):
os.unlink(target)
raise
def download_file_powershell(url, target):
"""
Download the file at url to target using Powershell.
Powershell will validate trust.
Raise an exception if the command cannot complete.
"""
target = os.path.abspath(target)
ps_cmd = (
"[System.Net.WebRequest]::DefaultWebProxy.Credentials = "
"[System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultCredentials; "
'(new-object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("%(url)s", "%(target)s")'
% locals()
)
cmd = [
'powershell',
'-Command',
ps_cmd,
]
_clean_check(cmd, target)
def has_powershell():
"""Determine if Powershell is available."""
if platform.system() != 'Windows':
return False
cmd = ['powershell', '-Command', 'echo test']
with open(os.path.devnull, 'wb') as devnull:
try:
subprocess.check_call(cmd, stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
except Exception:
return False
return True
download_file_powershell.viable = has_powershell
def download_file_curl(url, target):
cmd = ['curl', url, '--location', '--silent', '--output', target]
_clean_check(cmd, target)
def has_curl():
cmd = ['curl', '--version']
with open(os.path.devnull, 'wb') as devnull:
try:
subprocess.check_call(cmd, stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
except Exception:
return False
return True
download_file_curl.viable = has_curl
def download_file_wget(url, target):
cmd = ['wget', url, '--quiet', '--output-document', target]
_clean_check(cmd, target)
def has_wget():
cmd = ['wget', '--version']
with open(os.path.devnull, 'wb') as devnull:
try:
subprocess.check_call(cmd, stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
except Exception:
return False
return True
download_file_wget.viable = has_wget
def download_file_insecure(url, target):
"""Use Python to download the file, without connection authentication."""
src = urlopen(url)
try:
# Read all the data in one block.
data = src.read()
finally:
src.close()
# Write all the data in one block to avoid creating a partial file.
with open(target, "wb") as dst:
dst.write(data)
download_file_insecure.viable = lambda: True
def get_best_downloader():
downloaders = (
download_file_powershell,
download_file_curl,
download_file_wget,
download_file_insecure,
)
viable_downloaders = (dl for dl in downloaders if dl.viable())
return next(viable_downloaders, None)
def download_setuptools(
version=DEFAULT_VERSION, download_base=DEFAULT_URL,
to_dir=DEFAULT_SAVE_DIR, delay=15,
downloader_factory=get_best_downloader):
"""
Download setuptools from a specified location and return its filename.
`version` should be a valid setuptools version number that is available
as an sdist for download under the `download_base` URL (which should end
with a '/'). `to_dir` is the directory where the egg will be downloaded.
`delay` is the number of seconds to pause before an actual download
attempt.
``downloader_factory`` should be a function taking no arguments and
returning a function for downloading a URL to a target.
"""
version = _resolve_version(version)
# making sure we use the absolute path
to_dir = os.path.abspath(to_dir)
zip_name = "setuptools-%s.zip" % version
url = download_base + zip_name
saveto = os.path.join(to_dir, zip_name)
if not os.path.exists(saveto): # Avoid repeated downloads
log.warn("Downloading %s", url)
downloader = downloader_factory()
downloader(url, saveto)
return os.path.realpath(saveto)
def _resolve_version(version):
"""
Resolve LATEST version
"""
if version is not LATEST:
return version
meta_url = urljoin(DEFAULT_URL, '/pypi/setuptools/json')
resp = urlopen(meta_url)
with contextlib.closing(resp):
try:
charset = resp.info().get_content_charset()
except Exception:
# Python 2 compat; assume UTF-8
charset = 'UTF-8'
reader = codecs.getreader(charset)
doc = json.load(reader(resp))
return str(doc['info']['version'])
def _build_install_args(options):
"""
Build the arguments to 'python setup.py install' on the setuptools package.
Returns list of command line arguments.
"""
return ['--user'] if options.user_install else []
def _parse_args():
"""Parse the command line for options."""
parser = optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option(
'--user', dest='user_install', action='store_true', default=False,
help='install in user site package')
parser.add_option(
'--download-base', dest='download_base', metavar="URL",
default=DEFAULT_URL,
help='alternative URL from where to download the setuptools package')
parser.add_option(
'--insecure', dest='downloader_factory', action='store_const',
const=lambda: download_file_insecure, default=get_best_downloader,
help='Use internal, non-validating downloader'
)
parser.add_option(
'--version', help="Specify which version to download",
default=DEFAULT_VERSION,
)
parser.add_option(
'--to-dir',
help="Directory to save (and re-use) package",
default=DEFAULT_SAVE_DIR,
)
options, args = parser.parse_args()
# positional arguments are ignored
return options
def _download_args(options):
"""Return args for download_setuptools function from cmdline args."""
return dict(
version=options.version,
download_base=options.download_base,
downloader_factory=options.downloader_factory,
to_dir=options.to_dir,
)
def main():
"""Install or upgrade setuptools and EasyInstall."""
options = _parse_args()
archive = download_setuptools(**_download_args(options))
return _install(archive, _build_install_args(options))
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.exit(main())
在命令行下進入python根目錄，輸入python ez_setup.py命令進行安裝。如果還是不行，使用32位的也是可以的。
3）第三步安裝zope_interface。可以使用我鏈接裏的zope.interface-3.8.0-py2.7-win-amd64.egg軟件安裝。將它拷貝到python27\Scripts目錄下，安裝命令和檢測命令和文章裏一樣。
4）安裝pyOpenSSL。可以使用我鏈接裏的pyOpenSSL-0.13.1.win-amd64-py2.7.exe軟件，將它拷貝到python27\Scripts目錄下，因爲是exe程序，可以直接雙擊安裝。檢測命令和文章中一樣。
5）安裝twisted。可以使用我鏈接裏的Twisted-11.1.0.win-amd64-py2.7.exe程序直接雙擊安裝。如果選擇64位版本，但是運行exe程序後，出現python version 2.7 required,which was not found in the registry，說明python下載後未註冊。將下列代碼保存爲reg.py文件，存儲在python根目錄下：
#
# script to register Python 2.0 or later for use with win32all
# and other extensions that require Python registry settings
#
# written by Joakim Loew for Secret Labs AB / PythonWare
#
# source:
# http://www.pythonware.com/products/works/articles/regpy20.htm
#
# modified by Valentine Gogichashvili as described in http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg10512.html
import sys
from _winreg import *
# tweak as necessary
version = sys.version[:3]
installpath = sys.prefix
regpath = "SOFTWARE\\Python\\Pythoncore\\%s\\" % (version)
installkey = "InstallPath"
pythonkey = "PythonPath"
pythonpath = "%s;%s\\Lib\\;%s\\DLLs\\" % (
installpath, installpath, installpath
)
def RegisterPy():
try:
reg = OpenKey(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, regpath)
except EnvironmentError as e:
try:
reg = CreateKey(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, regpath)
SetValue(reg, installkey, REG_SZ, installpath)
SetValue(reg, pythonkey, REG_SZ, pythonpath)
CloseKey(reg)
except:
print "*** Unable to register!"
return
print "--- Python", version, "is now registered!"
return
if (QueryValue(reg, installkey) == installpath and
QueryValue(reg, pythonkey) == pythonpath):
CloseKey(reg)
print "=== Python", version, "is already registered!"
return
CloseKey(reg)
print "*** Unable to register!"
print "*** You probably have another Python installation!"
if __name__ == "__main__":
RegisterPy()然後在命令行下進入根目錄，輸入：
python reg.py在此運行64位twisted程序就可以了。
6）安裝lxml。文章裏的鏈接只有32位的，使用我鏈接裏的lxml-3.6.4-cp27-cp27m-win_amd64.whl程序，將它拷貝到python27\Scripts目錄下，然後命令行下進入Scripts目錄，輸入
pip install lxml-3.6.4-cp27-cp27m-win_amd64.whl
即可。檢測命令在python shell中輸入
import lxml
沒有出現異常即可。
7）在安裝scrapy之前，安裝我的鏈接裏的VCForPython27.msi，雙擊即可（我也不知道爲什麼，反正第一次沒安就錯了）
8）安裝scrapy。有三種方法可供選擇：
第一：使用easy_install scrapy命令安裝；
第二：下載scrapy安裝包，這個沒試過,在文章鏈接的官網中下載.whl文件後，進入文件夾
pip install scrapy的.whl文件名
進行安裝;
第三：使用pip install scrapy命令安裝。
都是在命令行下。
5、在命令行下輸入scrapy，如果沒有出現scrapy信息說明安裝錯誤。
軟件鏈接：
1、這是Python和ActivePython的安裝程序鏈接：http://download.csdn.net/detail/hicheney/9702425
2、這是pywin,setuptools,zope_interface,pyOpenSSL,lxml的安裝程序鏈接：http://download.csdn.net/detail/hicheney/9702421
3、由於VCForPython27太大，大傢俬信我，發給你吧。