CC150 OOD question BlackJack

version 5 chapter 8 question 1

https://github.com/gaylemcd/ctci/tree/master/java/Chapter%208/Question8_1

題目是設計紙牌的數據結構，並且實現blackjack遊戲

首先確認設計爲標準可拓展的cards

standard 52 card set, It includes thirteen ranks of each of the four French suits, clubs (♣), diamonds (♦), hearts (♥) and spades (♠), with reversible "court" or face cards

1 Suit  紙牌有四種類型（花色）

/*
*Suit for card
*/
public enum Suit{
	Club (0);
	Diamon(1);
	Heart(2);
	Spade(3);

	private int value;
	private Suit(int v){
		value = v;
	}
	public int getValue(){
		return value;
	}

	public static Suit getSuitFromValue(int value){
		switch(value){
			case 0 :
				return Suit.Club;
			case 1:
				return Suit.Diamon;
			case 2 :
				return Suit.Heart;
			case 3:
				return Suit.Spade;
			default:
				return null;
		}
	}
}

（2） card 類

abstract card class

//card abstact class can be extend
public abstract class Card{
	/* number or face that's on card 
	a number 2 through 10, 
	  or 11 for Jack, 12 for Queen, 13 for King, or 1 for Ace 
	 */
	 protected in faceValue;
	 protected Suit suit;
	 private boolean available = true;

	 public Card(int c, Suit s) {
		faceValue = c;
		suit = s;
	}


	public abstract int value();
	
	public Suit suit() { 
		return suit; 
	}

	/* returns whether or not the card is available to be given out to someone */
	public boolean isAvailable() {
		return available;
	}
	
	public void markUnavailable() {
		available = false;
	}
	
	public void markAvailable() {
		available = true;
	}

	public void print() {
		String[] faceValues = {"A", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "J", "Q", "K"};
		System.out.print(faceValues[faceValue - 1]);
		switch (suit) {
		case Club:
			System.out.print("c");
			break;
		case Heart:
			System.out.print("h");
			break;
		case Diamond:
			System.out.print("d");
			break;
		case Spade:
			System.out.print("s");
			break;			
		}
		System.out.print(" ");
	}


}

//Deck
public class Deck<T extends Card>{
	private ArrayList<T> cards; // all cards, dealt or not
	private int dealtIndex = 0; // mark first undealt card

	public Deck(){

	}

	public void setDeckOfCards(ArrayList<T> deckOfCards){
		cards = deckOfCards;
	}
	/*********** shuffle cards *************************/
	public void shuffle() {
		for (int i = 0; i < cards.size(); i++) {
			int j = randomIntInRange(i, cards.size() - i - 1);
			//swap with a random card
			T card1 = cards.get(i);
			T card2 = cards.get(j);
			cards.set(i, card2);
			cards.set(j, card1);
		}
	}
	public int remainingCards() {
		return cards.size() - dealtIndex;
	}
/************************************/
	public T[] dealHand(int number){
		if(remainingCards() < number){
			return null;
		}
		T[] hand = (T[]) new Card[number];
		int count = 0;
		while(count < number){
			T card = dealCard();
			if(card != null){
				hand[count] = card;
				count++;
			}
		}
		return hand;
	}
	public T dealCard() {
		if (remainingCards() == 0) {
			return null;
		}
		
		T card = cards.get(dealtIndex);
		card.markUnavailable();

		dealtIndex++;
		
		return card;		
	}
	
	public void print() {
		for (Card card : cards) {
			card.print();
		}
	}

	public static int randomInt(int n) {
		return (int) (Math.random() * n);
	}

	public static int randomIntInRange(int min, int max) {
		return randomInt(max + 1 - min) + min;
	}
}

//card in Hand for player

public class Hand <T extends Card> {
	protected ArrayList<T> cards = new ArrayList<T>();
	
	public int score() {
		int score = 0;
		for (T card : cards) {
			score += card.value();
		}
		return score;
	}
	
	public void addCard(T card) {
		cards.add(card);
	}	
	
	public void print() {
		for (Card card : cards) {
			card.print();
		}
	}	
}

// for blackjack game face cards are 10 and ace is 11
public class BlackJackCard extends Card {
	public BlackJackCard(int c, Suit s){
		super(c, s);
	}

	public int value(){
		//implement this function
		if (isAce()) { // Ace
			return 1; 
		} else if (faceValue >= 11 && faceValue <= 13) { // Face card
			return 10;
		} else { // Number card
			return faceValue;
		}
	}
	public int minValue() {
		if (isAce()) { // Ace
			return 1; 
		} else {
			return value();
		}
	}
	
	public int maxValue() {
		if (isAce()) { // Ace
			return 11; 
		} else {
			return value();
		}
	}
	
	public boolean isAce() { 
		return faceValue == 1;
	} 
	
	public boolean isFaceCard() {
		return faceValue >= 11 && faceValue <= 13;
	}
}

public class BlackJackHand extends Hand<BlackJackCard> {
	public BlackJackHand() {
		
	}
	
	public int score() {
		ArrayList<Integer> scores = possibleScores();
		int maxUnder = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
		int minOver = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
		for (int score : scores) {
			if (score > 21 && score < minOver) {
				minOver = score;
			} else if (score <= 21 && score > maxUnder) {
				maxUnder = score;
			}
		}
		return maxUnder == Integer.MIN_VALUE ? minOver : maxUnder;
	}
	
	private ArrayList<Integer> possibleScores() {
		ArrayList<Integer> scores = new ArrayList<Integer>();
		if (cards.size() == 0) {
			return scores;
		}
		for (BlackJackCard card : cards) {
			addCardToScoreList(card, scores);
		}
		return scores;
	}
	
	private void addCardToScoreList(BlackJackCard card, ArrayList<Integer> scores) {
		if (scores.size() == 0) {
			scores.add(0);
		} 
		int length = scores.size();
		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			int score = scores.get(i);
			scores.set(i, score + card.minValue());
			if (card.minValue() != card.maxValue()) {
				scores.add(score + card.maxValue());
			}
		}
	}
	
	public boolean busted() {
		return score() > 21;
	}
	
	public boolean is21() {
		return score() == 21;
	}
	
	public boolean isBlackJack() {
		if (cards.size() != 2) {
			return false;
		}
		BlackJackCard first = cards.get(0);
		BlackJackCard second = cards.get(1);
		return (first.isAce() && second.isFaceCard()) || (second.isAce() && first.isFaceCard());
	}
}

Core part: the game system

public class BlackJackGameAutomator {

     private Deck<BlackJackCard> deck;
     private BlackJackHand[] hands;
     private static final int HIT_UNTIL = 16;

     public BlackJackGameAutomator(int numPlayers) {
          hands = new BlackJackHand[numPlayers];
          for (int i = 0; i < numPlayers; i++) {
               hands[i] = new BlackJackHand();
          }
     }

     public boolean dealInitial(){
          //each person get two card
          for(BlackJackHand hand : hands){
               BlackJackCard card1 = deck.dealCard();
               BlackJackCard card2 = deck.dealCard();
               if (card1 == null || card2 == null) {
                    return false;
               }
               hand.addCard(card1);
               hand.addCard(card2);
          }
          return true;
     }
     public ArrayList<Integer> getBlackJacks() {
          ArrayList<Integer> winners = new ArrayList<Integer>();
          for (int i = 0; i < hands.length; i++) {
               if (hands[i].isBlackJack()) {
                    winners.add(i);
               }
          }
          return winners;
     }
     public boolean playHand(int i) {
          BlackJackHand hand = hands[i];
          return playHand(hand);
     }
     public boolean playHand(BlackJackHand hand) {
          while (hand.score() < HIT_UNTIL) {
          //get one more card
               BlackJackCard card = deck.dealCard();
               if (card == null) {
                    return false;
               }
               hand.addCard(card);
          }
          return true;
     }
     public boolean playAllHands() {
          for (BlackJackHand hand : hands) {
               if (!playHand(hand)) {
                    return false;
               }
          }
          return true;
     }
     public ArrayList<Integer> getWinners() {
          ArrayList<Integer> winners = new ArrayList<Integer>();
          int winningScore = 0;

          for (int i = 0; i < hands.length; i++) {
               BlackJackHand hand = hands[i];

               if (!hand.busted()) {//<=21
                    if (hand.score() > winningScore) {
                         winningScore = hand.score();
                         winners.clear();
                         winners.add(i);
                    } else if (hand.score() == winningScore) {
                         winners.add(i);
                    }
               }
          }
          //winner with max score
          return winners;
     }

     public void initializeDeck() {
          ArrayList<BlackJackCard> cards = new ArrayList<BlackJackCard>();

          //generate 52 cards , 13 in each suit
          for (int i = 1; i <= 13; i++) {
               //loop each suit
               for (int j = 0; j <= 3; j++) {
                    Suit suit = Suit.getSuitFromValue(j);
                    BlackJackCard card = new BlackJackCard(i, suit);
                    cards.add(card);
               }
          }
          
          deck = new Deck<BlackJackCard>();
          deck.setDeckOfCards(cards); // add all cards
          deck.shuffle();     //shuffle all cards
     }
     
     public void printHandsAndScore() {
          for (int i = 0; i < hands.length; i++) {
               System.out.print("Hand " + i + " (" + hands[i].score() + "): ");
               hands[i].print();
               System.out.println("");
          }
     }
}


Test function:

public static void main(String[] args) {     
          int numHands = 5;
          
          BlackJackGameAutomator automator = new BlackJackGameAutomator(numHands);
          automator.initializeDeck();
          boolean success = automator.dealInitial();

          if (!success) {
               System.out.println("Error. Out of cards.");
          } else {
               System.out.println("-- Initial --");
               automator.printHandsAndScore();

               ArrayList<Integer> blackjacks = automator.getBlackJacks();
               if (blackjacks.size() > 0) {
                    System.out.print("Blackjack at ");
                    for (int i : blackjacks) {
                         System.out.print(i + ", ");
                    }
                    System.out.println("");
               } else {

                    success = automator.playAllHands();
                    if (!success) {
                         System.out.println("Error. Out of cards.");
                    } else {
                         System.out.println("\n-- Completed Game --");
                         automator.printHandsAndScore();
                         
                         ArrayList<Integer> winners = automator.getWinners();
                         if (winners.size() > 0) {
                              System.out.print("Winners: ");
                              for (int i : winners) {
                                   System.out.print(i + ", ");
                              }
                              System.out.println("");
                         } else {
                              System.out.println("Draw. All players have busted.");
                         }
                    }
               }
          }
     }