作者:Jack_lin(公衆號ID:iOSDevSkills)
寫在前面
APP開發避免不開系統權限的問題,如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用戶展示系統權限,似乎也是開發過程中值得深思的一件事。
那如何提高APP獲取iOS系統權限的通過率呢?有以下幾種方式:1.在用戶打開APP時就向用戶請求權限;2.告知用戶授權權限後能夠獲得好處之後,再向用戶請求權限;3.在絕對必要的情況下才向用戶請求權限,例如:用戶訪問照片庫時請求訪問系統相冊權限;4.在展示系統權限的對話框前,先向用戶顯示自定義的對話框,若用戶選擇不允許,默認無操作,若用戶選擇允許,再展示系統對話框。
上述情況在開發過程中是經常遇到的,不同方式的選擇會影響最後用戶交互體驗。這一點感悟正是源於上一週工作遇到的問題:適配iOS10,如何獲取應用聯網權限用以管理系統對話框的顯示管理。當我把這個問題解決後,感覺有必要將常用的iOS系統權限做一個總結,以便後用。
權限分類
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聯網權限
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相冊權限
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相機、麥克風權限
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定位權限
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推送權限
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通訊錄權限
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日曆、備忘錄權限
聯網權限
引入頭文件 @import CoreTelephony;
應用啓動後,檢測應用中是否有聯網權限
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CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init]; cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier = ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){ //獲取聯網狀態 switch (state) { case kCTCellularDataRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricrted" ); break ; case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted: NSLog(@ "Not Restricted" ); break ; case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown: NSLog(@ "Unknown" ); break ; default : break ; }; }; |
查詢應用是否有聯網功能
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CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init]; CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState; switch (state) { case kCTCellularDataRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricrted" ); break ; case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted: NSLog(@ "Not Restricted" ); break ; case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown: NSLog(@ "Unknown" ); break ; default : break ; } |
相冊權限
iOS 9.0之前
導入頭文件@import AssetsLibrary;
檢查是否有相冊權限
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ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus]; switch (status) { case ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case ALAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
相冊權限--iOS 8.0之後
導入頭文件@import Photos;
檢查是否有相冊權限
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PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus]; switch (photoAuthorStatus) { case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
![Uploading 144446-b8aca7ba38c5f8c0_695906.png . . .]獲取相冊權限
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[PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) { if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; |
相機和麥克風權限
導入頭文件@import AVFoundation;
檢查是否有相機或麥克風權限
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AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo]; //相機權限 AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio]; //麥克風權限 switch (AVstatus) { case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
獲取相機或麥克風權限
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[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) { //相機權限 if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) { //麥克風權限 if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; |
定位權限
導入頭文件@import CoreLocation;
由於iOS8.0之後定位方法的改變,需要在info.plist中進行配置;
配置文件
檢查是否有定位權限
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BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled]; if (!isLocation) { NSLog(@ "not turn on the location" ); } CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus]; switch (CLstatus) { case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways: NSLog(@ "Always Authorized" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse: NSLog(@ "AuthorizedWhenInUse" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
獲取定位權限
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CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init]; [manager requestAlwaysAuthorization]; //一直獲取定位信息 [manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization]; //使用的時候獲取定位信息 |
在代理方法中查看權限是否改變
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- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{ switch (status) { case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways: NSLog(@ "Always Authorized" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse: NSLog(@ "AuthorizedWhenInUse" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } } |
推送權限
檢查是否有通訊權限
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UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings]; switch (settings.types) { case UIUserNotificationTypeNone: NSLog(@ "None" ); break ; case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert: NSLog(@ "Alert Notification" ); break ; case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge: NSLog(@ "Badge Notification" ); break ; case UIUserNotificationTypeSound: NSLog(@ "sound Notification'" ); break ; default : break ; } |
獲取推送權限
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UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil]; [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting]; |
通訊錄權限
iOS 9.0之前
導入頭文件 @import AddressBook;
檢查是否有通訊錄權限
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ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus(); switch (ABstatus) { case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied'" ); break ; case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
獲取通訊錄權限
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ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL); ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) { if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); CFRelease(addressBook); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }); |
iOS 9.0及以後
導入頭文件 @import Contacts;
檢查是否有通訊錄權限
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CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts]; switch (status) { case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: { NSLog(@ "Authorized:" ); } break ; case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{ NSLog(@ "Denied" ); } break ; case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{ NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); } break ; case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{ NSLog(@ "NotDetermined" ); } break ; } |
獲取通訊錄權限
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CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init]; [contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; |
日曆、備忘錄權限
導入頭文件
檢查是否有日曆或者備忘錄權限
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typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) { EKEntityTypeEvent, //日曆 EKEntityTypeReminder //備忘 }; |
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EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent]; switch (EKstatus) { case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied'" ); break ; case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
獲取日曆或備忘錄權限
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EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init]; [store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; |
最後一點
素有獲取權限的方法,多用於用戶第一次操作應用,iOS 8.0之後,將這些設置都整合在一起,並且可以開啓或關閉相應的權限。所有的權限都可以通過下面的方法打開:
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[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]]; |
上述的權限多爲經常用到的權限,當然不會很全面,大家如有需要其他的權限,可以在下方評論,我會及時加上去的。
希望這篇文章能夠給大家的開發帶來一些便利。
公衆號:CocoaChina