1、使用環境：Ubuntu+Apache2+cgi+python
2、安裝並配置Apache2
1）sudo apt-get install tasksel
2）sudo tasksel
（按空格鍵）選中LAMP server，（Tab鍵）回車，安裝好LAMP server
3）sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
添加 ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /cgi-bin/
在/var/www/目錄中增加cgi-bin目錄：sudo mkdir /var/www/cgi-bin
修改日誌目錄（如果目錄不存在執行：sudo mkdir /var/www/logs）：
ErrorLog /var/www/logs/error.log
CustomLog /var/www/logs/access.log combined
詳細參考配置如下：
CustomLog /var/www/logs/access.log combined
詳細參考配置如下：
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<VirtualHost *:80>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless. # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly. #ServerName www.example.com ServerAdmin [email protected] # DocumentRoot /var/www/html DocumentRoot /var/www ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /cgi-bin/ # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn, # error, crit, alert, emerg. # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular # modules, e.g. #LogLevel info ssl:warn ErrorLog /var/www/logs/error.log CustomLog /var/www/logs/access.log combined # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf". #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf </VirtualHost> # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet |
4）sudo gedit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
增加配置 /var/www/cgi-bin
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<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Require all granted AddHandler cgi-script cgi </Directory> |
其它配置修改詳情如下：
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# This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about # the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific # hints. # # # Summary of how the Apache 2 configuration works in Debian: # The Apache 2 web server configuration in Debian is quite different to # upstream's suggested way to configure the web server. This is because Debian's # default Apache2 installation attempts to make adding and removing modules, # virtual hosts, and extra configuration directives as flexible as possible, in # order to make automating the changes and administering the server as easy as # possible.
# It is split into several files forming the configuration hierarchy outlined
# below, all located in the /etc/apache2/ directory: # # /etc/apache2/ # |-- apache2.conf # | `-- ports.conf # |-- mods-enabled # | |-- *.load # | `-- *.conf # |-- conf-enabled # | `-- *.conf # `-- sites-enabled # `-- *.conf # # # * apache2.conf is the main configuration file (this file). It puts the pieces # together by including all remaining configuration files when starting up the # web server. # # * ports.conf is always included from the main configuration file. It is # supposed to determine listening ports for incoming connections which can be # customized anytime. # # * Configuration files in the mods-enabled/, conf-enabled/ and sites-enabled/ # directories contain particular configuration snippets which manage modules, # global configuration fragments, or virtual host configurations, # respectively. # # They are activated by symlinking available configuration files from their # respective *-available/ counterparts. These should be managed by using our # helpers a2enmod/a2dismod, a2ensite/a2dissite and a2enconf/a2disconf. See # their respective man pages for detailed information. # # * The binary is called apache2. Due to the use of environment variables, in # the default configuration, apache2 needs to be started/stopped with # /etc/init.d/apache2 or apache2ctl. Calling /usr/bin/apache2 directly will not # work with the default configuration.
# Global configuration #
# # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the Mutex documentation (available # at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#mutex>); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # #ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"
#
# The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default
#
# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}
#
# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300
#
# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On
#
# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
#
# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 5
# These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}
#
# HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog /var/www/logs/error.log
#
# LogLevel: Control the severity of messages logged to the error_log. # Available values: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn, # error, crit, alert, emerg. # It is also possible to configure the log level for particular modules, e.g. # "LogLevel info ssl:warn" # LogLevel debug
# Include module configuration:
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.load IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.conf
# Include list of ports to listen on
Include ports.conf
# Sets the default security model of the Apache2 HTTPD server. It does
# not allow access to the root filesystem outside of /usr/share and /var/www. # The former is used by web applications packaged in Debian, # the latter may be used for local directories served by the web server. If # your system is serving content from a sub-directory in /srv you must allow # access here, or in any related virtual host. # Require all denied <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> <Directory /usr/share>
AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> <Directory /usr/share>
AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory>
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Require all granted AddHandler cgi-script cgi </Directory>
#<Directory /srv/>
# Options Indexes FollowSymLinks # AllowOverride None # Require all granted #</Directory> # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess
#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # #Require all denied <FilesMatch "^\.ht"> Require all granted </FilesMatch>
#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive. # # These deviate from the Common Log Format definitions in that they use %O # (the actual bytes sent including headers) instead of %b (the size of the # requested file), because the latter makes it impossible to detect partial # requests. # # Note that the use of %{X-Forwarded-For}i instead of %h is not recommended. # Use mod_remoteip instead. # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
# Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,
# see README.Debian for details.
# Include generic snippets of statements
IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf
# Include the virtual host configurations:
IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf
# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
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5）添加cgi模塊到服務中
cd /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/
sudo ln -s ../mods-available/cgi.load .
目錄增加：cgi.load，執行ll命令後，增加詳細信息如下：
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 12月 29 17:13 cgi.load -> ../mods-available/cgi.load
3、在/var/www/中增加測試html頁，內容如下：
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<form action="/cgi-bin/hello.py" method="get"> Name: <input type="text" name="name"> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form> |
4、在/cgi-bin增加hello.py文件，內容如下：
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#!/usr/bin/env python import cgi
form = cgi.FieldStorage()
name = form.getvalue('name')
print "Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8"
print "<html>" print "<head>" print "<title>test</title>" print "</head>" print "<body>" print "<h2>Hello %s </h2>" % (name) print "</body>" print "</html>" |
5、重啓apache服務
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
6、打開瀏覽器，輸入：http://127.0.0.1/hello.html
7、輸入 world,回車
