目錄
前言
Spring Boot默認內嵌 Tomcat 爲 servlet 容器,同時也支持Undertow和Jetty。
本文示例代碼:https://github.com/lizitaowork/SpringBoot-demo.git
Tomcat
一、配置Tomcat
1、普通servlet配置:都是以 server.* 形式在application.properties中配置:
#配置程序端口,默認爲8080
server.port=8888
#配置訪問路徑,默認爲/
server.servlet.context-path=/tomcat
2、Tomcat配置:都是以 server.tomcat.* 形式在application.properties中配置:
#配置tomcat編碼,默認爲UTF-8
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
更多Tomcat的屬性配置,各位博友可以在spring-boot-autoconfigure包下的 ServerProperties.java中查看,在此不再贅述。
二、替換Tomcat爲Jetty
先來看一下 spring-boot-starter-web 的pom.xml中的依賴:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starters</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
<name>Spring Boot Web Starter</name>
<description>Starter for building web, including RESTful, applications using Spring
MVC. Uses Tomcat as the default embedded container</description>
<url>https://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/#/spring-boot-parent/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web</url>
<organization>
<name>Pivotal Software, Inc.</name>
<url>https://spring.io</url>
</organization>
<licenses>
<license>
<name>Apache License, Version 2.0</name>
<url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0</url>
</license>
</licenses>
<developers>
<developer>
<name>Pivotal</name>
<email>[email protected]</email>
<organization>Pivotal Software, Inc.</organization>
<organizationUrl>http://www.spring.io</organizationUrl>
</developer>
</developers>
<scm>
<connection>scm:git:git://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot.git/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web</connection>
<developerConnection>scm:git:ssh://[email protected]/spring-projects/spring-boot.git/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web</developerConnection>
<url>http://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web</url>
</scm>
<issueManagement>
<system>Github</system>
<url>https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues</url>
</issueManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-json</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 默認serlet容器爲tomcat -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.10.Final</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.0.7.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.7.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
發現 spring-boot-starter-tomcat 在依賴列表中,如果要使用Jetty,只需要修改 spring-boot-starter-web 的依賴即可:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
啓動Spring boot,控制檯效果如下:
三、替換Tomcat爲Undertow
同理,修改 spring-boot-starter-web 依賴:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
啓動Spring Boot,控制檯效果如下:
SSL
SSL配置也是我們在實際開發中經常遇到的場景,在Web引用中,是通過Https來實現SSL的,Https是以安全爲目標的Http通道,簡單來說就是安全版的Http。
一、生成證書
使用Java自帶的命令keytool命令來生成,生成命令如下:
keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -storetype PKCS12 -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -keystore keystore.p12 -validity 3650
#參數說明如下:
# -storetype 指定密鑰倉庫類型
# -keyalg 生證書的算法名稱,RSA是一種非對稱加密算法
# -keysize 證書大小
# -keystore 生成的證書文件的存儲路徑
# -validity 證書的有效期
輸入命令,按照提示,一步步生成祕鑰 :
$ keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -storetype PKCS12 -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -keystore keystore.p12 -validity 3650
輸入密鑰庫口令:
再次輸入新口令:
您的名字與姓氏是什麼?
[Unknown]: zitao.li
您的組織單位名稱是什麼?
[Unknown]: company
您的組織名稱是什麼?
[Unknown]: organization
您所在的城市或區域名稱是什麼?
[Unknown]: beijing
您所在的省/市/自治區名稱是什麼?
[Unknown]: beijing
該單位的雙字母國家/地區代碼是什麼?
[Unknown]: CH
CN=zitao.li, OU=company, O=organization, L=beijing, ST=beijing, C=CH是否正確?
[否]: y
將生成的祕鑰放到項目的根目錄下:
二、SpringBoot配置SSL
在application.properties中配置SSL:
#tomcat端口
server.port=8888
#祕鑰路徑
server.ssl.key-store=keystore.p12
#密碼(即生成祕鑰時輸入的密碼)
server.ssl.key-store-password=111111
#祕鑰類型
server.ssl.keyStoreType=PKCS12
#別名
server.ssl.keyAlias:ailas
運行Spring Boot,控制檯詳情如下:
三、http轉向https
很多時候,我們在瀏覽器地址欄中輸入的是http,但會自動轉向https,例如我們訪問百度的時候:
要實現此功能,我們需要配置 TomcatServletWebServerFactory (我的Spring Boot版本是2.0.3,低版本的Spring Boot應該配置TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory), 並添加tomcat的connector來實現:
@Configuration
public class HttpsConfigure {
@Bean
public TomcatServletWebServerFactory servletContainer() {
TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcat = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory(){
@Override
protected void postProcessContext(Context context) {
SecurityConstraint securityConstraint = new SecurityConstraint();
//confidential
securityConstraint.setUserConstraint("CONFIDENTIAL");
SecurityCollection collection = new SecurityCollection();
collection.addPattern("/*");
securityConstraint.addCollection(collection);
context.addConstraint(securityConstraint);
}
};
tomcat.addAdditionalTomcatConnectors(httpConnector());
return tomcat;
}
@Bean
public Connector httpConnector() {
Connector connector = new Connector("org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol");
connector.setScheme("http");
//Connector監聽的http的端口號
connector.setPort(8080);
connector.setSecure(false);
//監聽到http的端口號後轉向到的https的端口號
connector.setRedirectPort(8888);
return connector;
}
}
啓動Spring Boot,控制檯效果如下:
瀏覽器中訪問效果: