用戶操作

MySQL創建用戶與授權

2007年06月13日 星期三 13:00

注:我的運行環境是widnows xp professional + MySQL5.0

一, 創建用戶:

       命令:CREATE USER ' username'@'host ' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

       說明:username - 你將創建的用戶名, host - 指定該用戶在哪個主機上可以登陸,如果是本地用戶可用localhost, 如果想讓該用戶可以從任意遠程主機登陸,可以使用通配符%. password - 該用戶的登陸密碼,密碼可以爲空,如果爲空則該用戶可以不需要密碼登陸服務器.

      例子: CREATE USER ' dog'@'localhost ' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
               CREATE USER ' pig'@'192.168.1.101 _' IDENDIFIED BY '123456';
               CREATE USER ' pig'@'% ' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
               CREATE USER 'pig'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '';
               CREATE USER 'pig'@'%' ;

二,授權:

      命令:GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host'

     說明: privileges - 用戶的操作權限,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等(詳細列表見該文最後面).如果要授予所的權限則使用ALL .;databasename - 數據庫名,tablename-表名,如果要授予該用戶對所有數據庫和表的相應操作權限則可用*表示, 如*.*.

      例子: GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%' ;
               GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%' ;

      注意:用以上命令授權的用戶不能給其它用戶授權,如果想讓該用戶可以授權,用以下命令:
           GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host' WITH GRANT OPTION ;

三.設置與更改用戶密碼

     命令:SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'host' = PASSWORD('newpassword'); 如果是當前登陸用戶用SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD("newpassword");

      例子: SET PASSWORD FOR 'pig'@'%' = PASSWORD("123456");

四.撤銷用戶權限

      命令: REVOKE privilege ON databasename.tablename FROM 'username'@'host' ;

     說明: privilege, databasename, tablename - 同授權部分.

      例子: REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%' ;

      注意: 假如你在給用戶'pig'@'%' 授權的時候是這樣的(或類似的):GRANT SELECT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%' , 則在使用REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%' ;命令並不能撤銷該用戶對test數據庫中user表的SELECT 操作.相反,如果授權使用的是GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%' ;則REVOKE SELECT ON test.user FROM 'pig'@'%' ;命令也不能撤銷該用戶對test數據庫中user表的Select 權限.

      具體信息可以用命令SHOW GRANTS FOR 'pig'@'%' ; 查看.

五.刪除用戶

      命令: DROP USER 'username'@'host' ;

附表:在MySQL中的操作權限

ALTER	Allows use of ALTER TABLE .
ALTER ROUTINE	Alters or drops stored routines.
CREATE	Allows use of CREATE TABLE .
CREATE ROUTINE	Creates stored routines.
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE	Allows use of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE .
CREATE USER	Allows use of CREATE USER , DROP USER , RENAME USER , and REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES .
CREATE VIEW	Allows use of CREATE VIEW .
DELETE	Allows use of DELETE .
DROP	Allows use of DROP TABLE .
EXECUTE	Allows the user to run stored routines.
FILE	Allows use of SELECT .. . INTO OUTFILE and LOAD DATA INFILE .
INDEX	Allows use of CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX .
INSERT	Allows use of INSERT .
LOCK TABLES	Allows use of LOCK TABLES on tables for which the user also has SELECT privileges.
PROCESS	Allows use of SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST .
RELOAD	Allows use of FLUSH .
REPLICATION	Allows the user to ask where slave or master
CLIENT	servers are.
REPLICATION SLAVE	Needed for replication slaves.
SELECT	Allows use of SELECT .
SHOW DATABASES	Allows use of SHOW DATABASES .
SHOW VIEW	Allows use of SHOW CREATE VIEW .
SHUTDOWN	Allows use of mysqladmin shutdown .
SUPER	Allows use of CHANGE MASTER , KILL , PURGE MASTER LOGS , and SET GLOBAL SQL statements. Allows mysqladmin debug command. Allows one extra connection to be made if maximum connections are reached.
UPDATE	Allows use of UPDATE .
USAGE	Allows connection without any specific privileges.