百度地圖API解決 android 6.0定位不了的問題

首先是搭建環境，這就不多說了，官方傳送門 http://lbsyun.baidu.com/index.php?title=android-locsdk/guide/v5-0

接着 初始化地圖

private  void init(){
    // 地圖初始化
    mMapView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
    mBaiduMap = mMapView.getMap();
    // 開啓定位圖層
    mBaiduMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
    // 定位初始化
    mLocClient = new LocationClient(this);
    mLocClient.registerLocationListener(myListener);
    LocationClientOption option = new LocationClientOption();
    option.setLocationMode(LocationClientOption.LocationMode.Hight_Accuracy);
    option.setOpenGps(true); // 打開gps
    option.setCoorType("bd09ll"); // 設置座標類型
    option.setScanSpan(1000);
    mLocClient.setLocOption(option)
    mLocClient.start();
    mCurrentMode = LocationMode.COMPASS;
    mBaiduMap
            .setMyLocationConfigeration(new MyLocationConfiguration(
                    mCurrentMode, true, null));
}

3定位SDK的監聽函數：

/**
 * 定位SDK監聽函數
 */
public class MyLocationListenner implements BDLocationListener {

    @Override
    public void onReceiveLocation(BDLocation location) {
        // map view 銷燬後不在處理新接收的位置
        if (location == null || mMapView == null) {
            return;
        }
        MyLocationData locData = new MyLocationData.Builder()
                .accuracy(location.getRadius())
                // 此處設置開發者獲取到的方向信息，順時針0-360
                .direction(100).latitude(location.getLatitude())
                .longitude(location.getLongitude()).build();
        mBaiduMap.setMyLocationData(locData);

        if (isFirstLoc) {
            isFirstLoc = false;
            LatLng ll = new LatLng(location.getLatitude(),
                    location.getLongitude());
            MapStatus.Builder builder = new MapStatus.Builder();
            builder.target(ll).zoom(18.0f);
            mBaiduMap.animateMapStatus(MapStatusUpdateFactory.newMapStatus(builder.build()));

        }
    }

    public void onReceivePoi(BDLocation poiLocation) {
    }
}

到這裏，如果我們直接運行的話，在android 6以下是運行成功的，在android 6以上會出現運行失敗的情況,運行失敗的原因在於android 6.0採用了運行時權限（android-RuntimePermissions），6.0的權限一般分爲兩種，一種時普通權限，如下圖：其他的爲運行時權限

在百度地圖API中，用到的權限主要有以下幾個

<uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />
<!-- 這個權限用於進行網絡定位 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<!-- 這個權限用於訪問GPS定位 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<!-- 用於訪問wifi網絡信息，wifi信息會用於進行網絡定位 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<!-- 獲取運營商信息，用於支持提供運營商信息相關的接口 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />
<!-- 用於讀取手機當前的狀態 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<!-- 寫入擴展存儲，向擴展卡寫入數據，用於寫入離線定位數據 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />
<!-- 訪問網絡，網絡定位需要上網 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

其中：

Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE

這幾個爲運行時權限，需要在運行時得到用戶的授權。

在Activity中進行授權如下：判斷用戶的android版本，如果爲23（6.0），執行showcontacts,提醒用戶授權

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=23){
    showContacts(mMapView);
}else{
    init();
 }

判斷用戶是否已經授權，如果已經授權，直接開始定位，如果沒有授權，

requestContactsPermissions(v);

提示用戶進行授權

public void showContacts(View v) {
    Log.i(TAG, "Show contacts button pressed. Checking permissions.");

    // Verify that all required contact permissions have been granted.
    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
            || ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
            || ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
            || ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // Contacts permissions have not been granted.
        Log.i(TAG, "Contact permissions has NOT been granted. Requesting permissions.");
        requestContactsPermissions(v);

    } else {

        // Contact permissions have been granted. Show the contacts fragment.
        Log.i(TAG,
                "Contact permissions have already been granted. Displaying contact details.");
       init();
    }
}

private void requestContactsPermissions(View v) {
    // BEGIN_INCLUDE(contacts_permission_request)
    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)
            || ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
            || ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
            || ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
            ) {

        // Provide an additional rationale to the user if the permission was not granted
        // and the user would benefit from additional context for the use of the permission.
        // For example, if the request has been denied previously.
        Log.i(TAG,
                "Displaying contacts permission rationale to provide additional context.");

        // Display a SnackBar with an explanation and a button to trigger the request.
        Snackbar.make(v, "permission_contacts_rationale",
                Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE)
                .setAction("ok", new View.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(View view) {
                        ActivityCompat
                                .requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, PERMISSIONS_CONTACT,
                                        REQUEST_CONTACTS);
                    }
                })
                .show();
    } else {
        // Contact permissions have not been granted yet. Request them directly.
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, PERMISSIONS_CONTACT, REQUEST_CONTACTS);
    }
    // END_INCLUDE(contacts_permission_request)
}

最後，對授權的結果進行判定：

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {

    if (requestCode==REQUEST_CONTACTS){
        if (PermissionUtil.verifyPermissions(grantResults)) {

           init();

        } else {


        }


    }else{
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }
}

其中 permissonutil代碼如下

/**
 * Utility class that wraps access to the runtime permissions API in M and provides basic helper
 * methods.
 */
public abstract class PermissionUtil {

    /**
     * Check that all given permissions have been granted by verifying that each entry in the
     * given array is of the value {@link PackageManager#PERMISSION_GRANTED}.
     *
     * @see Activity#onRequestPermissionsResult(int, String[], int[])
     */
    public static boolean verifyPermissions(int[] grantResults) {
        // At least one result must be checked.
        if(grantResults.length < 1){
            return false;
        }

        // Verify that each required permission has been granted, otherwise return false.
        for (int result : grantResults) {
            if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

}

最後，運行結果