CentOS6 換yum源方法總結

本文章介紹的yum源支持的版本是CentOS 6系列，理論上支持RHEL6系列。
更新方法如下：

先進入yum源配置目錄

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

備份系統自帶的yum源

mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.save

下載其他更快的yum源

中科大的yum源：
wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/CentOS-Base.repo

163的yum源：
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS-Base-163.repo

sohu的yum源
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/CentOS-Base-sohu.repo

更新完yum源後，建議更新一下，使操作立即生效

yum makecache

[yasi]:
在執行最後一步，即yum makecache的時候，遇到錯誤：
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository contrib is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * addons: mirrors.163.com
 * base: mirror.metrocast.net
 * extras: mirror.beyondhosting.net
 * fasttrack: centos.vipernetworksystems.com
 * updates: centos.vipernetworksystems.com
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404"
Trying other mirror.
http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404"
Trying other mirror.
Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: addons. Please verify its path and try again
原因是，http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml和 http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml 確實不存在，可能被更新掉了。解決辦法是，找到可用的URL替換之，或者把相應的.repo文件中的項整個註釋掉。這裏我採用後者。

例如，在CentOS-Base-163.repo中，註釋掉整個addon項
#[addons]
#name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
#baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
#gpgcheck=1
#pgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

在CentOS-Base-sohu.repo中註釋掉下面的內容
#[addons]
#name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons - sohu.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
#baseurl=http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
#gpgcheck=1
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5CentOS-Base-sohu.repo

然後，再執行yum makecache。之後，yum就可以找到我要安裝的包了，比如gdb, subversion, gcc-c++ 等。

注意：

有時用yum list xxx找不到某個包，可用嘗試用yum search xxx。
如，yum list vim 就報告 Error: No matching Packages to list。而 yum search vim 則返回：
vim-X11.x86_64 : The VIM version of the vi editor for the X Window System
vim-common.x86_64 : The common files needed by any version of the VIM editor
vim-enhanced.x86_64 : A version of the VIM editor which includes recent enhancements

vim-minimal.x86_64 : A minimal version of the VIM editor

[yasi]:

在執行最後一步，即yum makecache的時候，遇到錯誤：

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration

Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration

Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration

Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration

Repository contrib is listed more than once in the configuration

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* addons: mirrors.163.com

* base: mirror.metrocast.net

* extras: mirror.beyondhosting.net

* fasttrack: centos.vipernetworksystems.com

* updates: centos.vipernetworksystems.com

http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404"

Trying other mirror.

http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404"

Trying other mirror.

Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: addons. Please verify its path and try again

原因是，http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml和http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml 確實不存在，可能被更新掉了。解決辦法是，找到可用的URL替換之，或者把相應的.repo文件中的項整個註釋掉。這裏我採用後者。

[root@wwn104 yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Media.repo

 把enabled=1  改成 enabled=0

然後再修改：你所有采用的源，例如我採用的是sohu 的，就修改sohu的：

[root@wwn104 yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Base-sohu.repo

在[addons] 下面添加：

enabled=0

然後，再執行yum makecache。之後，yum就可以找到我要安裝的包了，比如gdb, subversion, gcc-c++ 等。

注意：

有時用yum list xxx找不到某個包，可用嘗試用yum search xxx。

如，yum list vim 就報告 Error: No matching Packages to list。而 yum search vim 則返回：

vim-X11.x86_64 : The VIM version of the vi editor for the X Window System

vim-common.x86_64 : The common files needed by any version of the VIM editor

vim-enhanced.x86_64 : A version of the VIM editor which includes recent enhancements

vim-minimal.x86_64 : A minimal version of the VIM editor