本文只適用於通過 rpm 二進制的方式安裝，使用源碼安裝的請自行百度。1. 準備步驟
下載地址 ：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html
只需要以下安裝文件
MySQL-client*.rpm
MySQL-devel*.rpm
MySQL-server*.rpm 需要使用 root 的賬號進行操作
2. 卸載
卸載包
找出所有已經安裝的包
rpm -qa | grep -i mysql移除上面命令列出來的包
rpm -e pagename --nodeps
參數 pagename 上面出現的包名
參數 --nodeps 表示不檢查依賴進行刪除刪除文件
查找 mysql 的文件
find / -name mysql刪除
rm -rf folderORFileNamw3. 安裝
安裝軟件
依次執行
rpm -ivh MySQL-devel*.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-client*.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-server*.rpm 此時安裝完成後 mysql 已經自動啓動。查看是否啓動成功可以使用 lsof -i:3306 來查看。
配置 my.cnf
使用命令 find / -name my-default.cnf 找到此文件。
複製配置文件到 /etc/ 目錄下
cp thisFilePath/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf編輯修改 my.cnf 文件，只需要修改以下配置
# mysql 安裝的基礎目錄
basedir = /usr
# mysql 數據庫文件目錄（默認目錄）
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
# 端口（可隨意修改）
port = 3306
# 大小寫忽略（用於表名、字段）
lower_case_table_names=1附上我的 my.cnf 配置
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
port = 3306
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
join_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
lower_case_table_name = 1
thread_cache_size = 16
query_cache_size = 128M
max_connections = 3000
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
5. 備註
以下爲mysql 安裝後的目錄說明
| Directory | Contents of Directory |
|---|---|
| /usr/bin | Client programs and scripts |
| /usr/sbin | The mysqld server |
| /var/lib/mysql | Log files, databases |
| /usr/share/info | Manual in Info format |
| /usr/share/man | Unix manual pages |
| /usr/include/mysql | Include (header) files |
| /usr/lib/mysql | Libraries |
| /usr/share/mysql | Miscellaneous support files, including error messages,character set files, sample configuration files, SQL for database installation |
| /usr/share/sql-bench | Benchmarks |