Struts2 图片上传、缩放、剪切处理 第一节
1、技术目标:
- 为项目"影片管理"加入图片上传功能
- 使用struts2完成图片上传
- 将上传的图片重命名并保存到web服务器
注意:本文所用项目为"影片管理",参看
http://hotstrong.iteye.com/blog/1156785
提示:本文示例项目已提供下载
2、MySQL数据表film(影片表)加入列imgurl(影片海报图片链接),执行如下SQL:
ALTER TABLE film ADD imgurl VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT NULL;
3、POJO类Film加入属性imgurl,代码如下:
BaseDomain为所有POJO类的基类,
package com.xxx.pojo;
public class BaseDomain {
/**
* id
*/
private Long id;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}@Override
public String toString() {
return "BaseDomain [id=" + id + "]";
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
BaseDomain other = (BaseDomain) obj;
if (id == null) {
if (other.id != null)
return false;
} else if (!id.equals(other.id))
return false;
return true;
}
}
Film(影片类),
package com.xxx.pojo;
public class Film extends BaseDomain {
// Fields
private String fname;//影片名称
private String imgurl;//海报图片url
// Constructors
/** default constructor */
public Film() {
}
// Property accessors
public String getFname() {
return this.fname;
}
public void setFname(String fname) {
this.fname = fname;
}
public String getImgurl() {
return imgurl;
}
public void setImgurl(String imgurl) {
this.imgurl = imgurl;
}
}
4、FilmMapper.xml中,添加影片与修改影片的SQL语句中加入对imgurl字段的操作,如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.xxx.dao.temp.FilmMapper"> <!-- 查询所有电影信息,对应FilmMapper接口中的getAllFilm方法 --> <select id="getAllFilm" resultType="Film"> select * from film </select> <!-- 按电影编号查询电影信息,对应FilmMapper接口中的getFilmById方法 --> <select id="getFilmById" parameterType="int" resultType="Film"> select * from film where id=#{id} </select> <!-- 按要求排序 --> <select id="getAllFilmOrder" parameterType="map" resultType="Film"> select * from film where 1 = 1 <if test="orderKey != null"> order by ${orderKey} </if> </select> <!-- 添加影片 --> <insert id="insertFilm" parameterType="Film" keyProperty="id" useGeneratedKeys="true"> insert into film (fname, imgurl) values (#{fname}, #{imgurl}); </insert> <!-- 修改影片 --> <update id="updateFilm" parameterType="Film"> update film <trim prefix="set" suffixOverrides=","> <if test="fname != null"> fname = #{fname}, </if> <if test='imgurl != null and imgurl != ""'> imgurl = #{imgurl} </if> </trim> where id = #{id} </update> <!-- 删除影片 --> <delete id="deleteFilm" parameterType="int"> delete from film where id = #{id} </delete> </mapper>
5、在WebRoot(页面路径)下创建文件夹images,放一张提示图片error.gif(示例项目中提供),在影片无海报图片时显示
6、在添加、修改影片页面(insertFilm.jsp、updateFilm.jsp)中
加入文件选择对话框并设置表单属性enctype,如下:
添加影片页面效果图:
insertFilm.jsp代码,
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>添加影片</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--
enctype属性:规定在发送到服务器之前应该如何对表单数据进行编码
multipart/form-data值:不对字符编码,在使用包含文件上传控件的表单时必须使用该值
--%>
<s:form action="/film/insertFilm" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
影片名称:<s:textfield name="fname" value="" /><br />
<%--文件选择框 --%>
影片海报:<s:file id="imgPhoto" name="imgPhoto"/><br />
<s:submit value=" 添加 "></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
修改页面效果图:
updateFilm.jsp代码,
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>修改影片</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="/film/updateFilm" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<s:hidden name="id" />
影片名称:<s:textfield name="fname" /><br />
<%-- 处理原有图片 --%>
<s:if test='imgurl != null and imgurl != ""'>
<%-- 保存原有图片的信息在修改时提交 --%>
<s:hidden name="imgurl"></s:hidden>
<%-- 显示原有图片,onerror属性:在打不开图片时显示提示图片 --%>
<img src="<s:property value="imgurl" />" width="92" height="130"
onerror="javascript:this.src='<%=basePath %>/images/error.gif'" /><br />
</s:if>
<%--文件选择框 --%>
影片海报:<s:file id="imgPhoto" name="imgPhoto"/><br />
<s:submit value=" 修改 "></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
7、struts.xml中添加、修改影片Action的配置中加入的Struts2的文件处理拦截器,配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" /> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /> <constant name="struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire" value="type" /> <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple"></constant> <package name="film" namespace="/film" extends="struts-default"> <!-- 获取所有影片 --> <action name="findFilm" class="filmAction" method="findFilm"> <result name="success">/manager/films.jsp</result> </action> <!-- 添加影片 --> <action name="insertFilm" class="filmAction" method="insertFilm"> <!-- 默认拦截器 --> <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" /> <!-- 文件上传拦截器 --> <interceptor-ref name="fileUploadStack"> <!-- 配置允许上传的文件大小,单位字节(默认2M) --> <param name="maximumSize">10000000</param> <param name="allowedTypes"> image/bmp,image/png,image/gif,image/jpeg </param> </interceptor-ref> <result name="success" type="redirectAction">findFilm</result> </action> <!-- 获取影片详情 --> <action name="detailFilm" class="filmAction" method="detailFilm"> <result name="success">/manager/updateFilm.jsp</result> </action> <!-- 修改影片 --> <action name="updateFilm" class="filmAction" method="updateFilm"> <!-- 默认拦截器 --> <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" /> <!-- 文件上传拦截器 --> <interceptor-ref name="fileUploadStack"> <!-- 配置允许上传的文件大小,单位字节(默认2M) --> <param name="maximumSize">10000000</param> <param name="allowedTypes"> image/bmp,image/png,image/gif,image/jpeg </param> </interceptor-ref> <result name="success" type="redirectAction">findFilm</result> </action> <!-- 删除影片 --> <action name="deleteFilm" class="filmAction" method="deleteFilm"> <result name="success" type="redirectAction">findFilm</result> </action> </package> </struts>
fileUploadStack拦截器的参数allowedTypes为限制上传文件的类型,文件类型与限制方式的对应关系如下:
文件类型 限制方式
==================================
.a application/octet-stream
.ai application/postscript
.aif audio/x-aiff
.aifc audio/x-aiff
.aiff audio/x-aiff
.au audio/basic
.avi video/x-msvideo
.bat text/plain
.bcpio application/x-bcpio
.bin application/octet-stream
.bmp image/x-ms-bmp
.c text/plain
.cdf application/x-cdf
.cdf application/x-netcdf
.cpio application/x-cpio
.csh application/x-csh
.css text/css
.dll application/octet-stream
.doc application/msword
.dot application/msword
.dvi application/x-dvi
.eml message/rfc822
.eps application/postscript
.etx text/x-setext
.exe application/octet-stream
.gif image/gif
.gtar application/x-gtar
.h text/plain
.hdf application/x-hdf
.htm text/html
.html text/html
.ief image/ief
.jpe image/jpeg
.jpeg image/jpeg
.jpg image/jpeg
.js application/x-javascript
.ksh text/plain
.latex application/x-latex
.m1v video/mpeg
.man application/x-troff-man
.me application/x-troff-me
.mht message/rfc822
.mhtml message/rfc822
.mif application/x-mif
.mov video/quicktime
.movie video/x-sgi-movie
.mp2 audio/mpeg
.mp3 audio/mpeg
.mpa video/mpeg
.mpe video/mpeg
.mpeg video/mpeg
.mpg video/mpeg
.ms application/x-troff-ms
.nc application/x-netcdf
.nws message/rfc822
.o application/octet-stream
.obj application/octet-stream
.oda application/oda
.p12 application/x-pkcs12
.p7c application/pkcs7-mime
.pbm image/x-portable-bitmap
.pdf application/pdf
.pfx application/x-pkcs12
.pgm image/x-portable-graymap
.pl text/plain
.png image/png
.pnm image/x-portable-anymap
.pot application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ppa application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ppm image/x-portable-pixmap
.pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ps application/postscript
.pwz application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.py text/x-python
.pyc application/x-python-code
.pyo application/x-python-code
.qt video/quicktime
.ra audio/x-pn-realaudio
.ram application/x-pn-realaudio
.ras image/x-cmu-raster
.rdf application/xml
.rgb image/x-rgb
.roff application/x-troff
.rtx text/richtext
.sgm text/x-sgml
.sgml text/x-sgml
.sh application/x-sh
.shar application/x-shar
.snd audio/basic
.so application/octet-stream
.src application/x-wais-source
.sv4cpio application/x-sv4cpio
.sv4crc application/x-sv4crc
.swf application/x-shockwave-flash
.t application/x-troff
.tar application/x-tar
.tcl application/x-tcl
.tex application/x-tex
.texi application/x-texinfo
.texinfo application/x-texinfo
.tif image/tiff
.tiff image/tiff
.tr application/x-troff
.tsv text/tab-separated-values
.txt text/plain
.ustar application/x-ustar
.vcf text/x-vcard
.wav audio/x-wav
.wiz application/msword
.wsdl application/xml
.xbm image/x-xbitmap
.xlb application/vnd.ms-excel
.xls application/excel
.xls application/vnd.ms-excel
.xml text/xml
.xpdl application/xml
.xpm image/x-xpixmap
.xsl application/xml
.xwd image/x-xwindowdump
.zip application/zip
8、在FilmAction中加入一组与文件上传相关的属性,加入uploadFile方法,在添加、修改操作前调用uploadFile方法处理图片,代码如下:
package com.xxx.web.struts.action;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.xxx.pojo.Film;
import com.xxx.service.FilmService;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class FilmAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Film> {
//业务逻辑对象
@Autowired
private FilmService filmService;
//封装查询结果
private List<Film> filmList;
//封装页面提交的表单数据
private Film film = new Film();
//图片服务器url
public static final String IMAGE_SERVER_URL = "http://localhost:8080/mysit";
/* 文件上传相关属性 */
private File imgPhoto;// 对应页面的<s:file id="imgPhoto" name="imgPhoto"/>
private String contentType;// 上传文件的MIME类型,由struts设置
private String fileName;// 上传文件的文件名(该文件名不包括文件的路径),由struts设置
/* 文件上传相关属性的getter/setter */
public File getImgPhoto() {
return imgPhoto;
}
public void setImgPhoto(File imgPhoto) {
this.imgPhoto = imgPhoto;
}
/*
* 注意:contentType与fileName的getter/setter,
* 名称前需要加ImgPhoto,这样设置struts才能识别
*/
public String getImgPhotoContentType() {
return contentType;
}
public void setImgPhotoContentType(String contentType) {
this.contentType = contentType;
}
public String getImgPhotoFileName() {
return fileName;
}
public void setImgPhotoFileName(String fileName) {
this.fileName = fileName;
}
/**
* 处理上传的文件
*/
private void uploadFile(){
//判断文件是否上传
if (this.imgPhoto == null || this.fileName == null
|| this.fileName.equals("")) {//没有上传文件
return;
}
/*生成一个随机文件名*/
// 生成随机数
Random rand = new Random();
int random = rand.nextInt();
random = random > 0 ? random : (-1) * random;// 随机负数转为正数
// 获取当前时间
Date date = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyyMMddHHmmss");
//将当前时间转换为yyyyMMddHHmmss格式
String currentTime = sdf.format(date);
//设置文件名(新文件名 = 当前时间 + 随机数 + 上传文件的后缀名)
String imageFileName = currentTime + random +
fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
/*设置上传文件的保存路径*/
//获取web服务器工作路径
String realPath =
ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/images");
//文件的存放位置 = web服务器中项目的images路径 + 新文件名
File destinationFile = new File(realPath + "/" + imageFileName);
//将上传文件拷贝到web服务器
try {
FileUtils.copyFile(this.imgPhoto, destinationFile);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/*
将上传图片的完整url设置给film对象,在后续的添加操作中保存到数据库,
设置完整url的目的是便于以后使用单独的图片服务器保存图片,前台页面
可直接读取这个url呈现图片,图片服务器的url可设置到配置文件中,这里
用一个静态变量来保存
*/
this.film.setImgurl(IMAGE_SERVER_URL + "/images/" + imageFileName);
}
/**
* 获取所有的电影
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public String findFilm() throws Exception {
this.filmList = this.filmService.getAllFilm();
return SUCCESS;
}
/**
* 根据影片ID获取影片信息
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public String detailFilm() throws Exception {
int id = film.getId().intValue();
Film film = this.filmService.getFilmById(id);
this.film.setFname(film.getFname());
this.film.setImgurl(film.getImgurl());
return SUCCESS;
}
/**
* 添加影片
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public String insertFilm() throws Exception {
//处理上传图片
this.uploadFile();
this.filmService.insertFilm(film);
return SUCCESS;
}
/**
* 修改影片
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public String updateFilm() throws Exception {
//处理上传图片
this.uploadFile();
this.filmService.updateFilm(film);
return SUCCESS;
}
/**
* 删除影片
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public String deleteFilm() throws Exception {
int id = film.getId().intValue();
this.filmService.deleteFilm(id);
return SUCCESS;
}
public Film getModel() {
return film;
}
public List<Film> getFilmList() {
return filmList;
}
public void setFilmList(List<Film> filmList) {
this.filmList = filmList;
}
}
9、在films.jsp页面的影片列表中呈现出图片,如下:
影片列表页面效果图:
films.jsp代码:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>信息操作</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="/film/findFilm" method="post">
<s:submit value=" 获取所有影片信息 "></s:submit>
</s:form>
<a href="<%=basePath %>manager/insertFilm.jsp">添加影片信息</a><br />
<s:if test="filmList != null">
<table border="1" width="40%">
<tr>
<th>序号</th><th>海报</th><th>影片名</th><th>操作</th>
</tr>
<%-- 遍历影片信息 --%>
<s:iterator var="film" value="filmList" status="st">
<tr>
<td><s:property value="#st.index+1" /></td>
<td>
<%-- 显示海报图片,onerror属性:在打不开图片时显示提示图片 --%>
<img src="<s:property value="imgurl" />" width="92" height="130"
onerror="javascript:this.src='<%=basePath %>/images/error.gif'" /><br />
</td>
<td><s:property value="fname" /></td>
<td>
<s:url id="detailUrl" value="/film/detailFilm">
<s:param name="id" value="%{id}"/>
</s:url>
<s:a href="%{detailUrl}">[修改]</s:a>
<s:url id="deleteUrl" value="/film/deleteFilm">
<s:param name="id" value="%{id}"/>
</s:url>
<s:a href="%{deleteUrl}">[删除]</s:a>
</td>
</tr>
</s:iterator>
</table>
</s:if>
</body>
</html>