1.首先在程序啓動時拿到要動態加載dll所在的目錄。WepApplication中的Global.asax文件中:
public static DirectoryCatalog Catalog;
protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LoadProviderCatalog();
}
private void LoadProviderCatalog()
{
string assemblyPath = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AssemblyFolder"].ToString();
assemblyPath = Path.Combine(HostingEnvironment.MapPath("~/"), assemblyPath);
Catalog = new DirectoryCatalog(assemblyPath);
}
2.在使用MEF目錄進行導出部件託管的時候,在某些需求下或許只需要其中的一個部件,這種情況可以通過遍歷部件集合得到。然而MEF也爲此提供了一種解決方案,那就是使用目錄過濾篩選功能。MEF中的ComposablePartCatalog類和INotifyComposablePartCatalogChanged接口就是專門用來實現目錄篩選的,可以如下代碼段中演示的對目錄過濾的封裝。
public sealed class FilteredCatalog : ComposablePartCatalog
{
private readonly ComposablePartCatalog _inner;
private readonly INotifyComposablePartCatalogChanged _innerNotifyChange;
private readonly IQueryable<ComposablePartDefinition> _partsQuery;
public FilteredCatalog(
ComposablePartCatalog inner,
Expression<Func<ComposablePartDefinition, bool>> expression)
{
_inner = inner;
_innerNotifyChange = inner as INotifyComposablePartCatalogChanged;
_partsQuery = inner.Parts.Where(expression);
}
public override IQueryable<ComposablePartDefinition> Parts
{
get
{
return _partsQuery;
}
}
}
3.MEF中提供了一個專門用於目錄過濾篩選的元數據特性PartMetadata,要進行目錄部件的篩選過濾就需要通過PartMetadata特性的標註,MEF容器才能進行正確的裝配。
public interface ILogger
{
string WriteLog();
}
[Export(typeof(ILogger))]
[PartMetadata("AssemblyName", "TXTLogger")]
public class TXTLogger:ILogger
{
public string WriteLog()
{
return "TXTLogger";
}
}
[Export(typeof(ILogger))]
[PartMetadata("AssemblyName", "DebugLogger")]
public class DebugLogger : ILogger
{
public string WriteLog()
{
return "DebugLogger";
}
}
4.通過上面的封裝,使用目錄過濾功能之需要傳入正確的篩選表達式就可以了,按照MEF中的約定其篩選表達式應如下格式
public static ILogger GetLoggerInstance(string assemblyName)
{
var container = new CompositionContainer(Global.Catalog);
var filteredCatalog = new FilteredCatalog(
Global.Catalog,
(def) => ValidateAssemblyName(def, assemblyName));
var subContainer = new CompositionContainer(filteredCatalog, container);
ILogger logger = subContainer.GetExportedValueOrDefault<ILogger>();
return logger;
}
private static bool ValidateAssemblyName(ComposablePartDefinition def, string assemblyName)
{
if (def.Metadata.ContainsKey("AssemblyName"))
{
if (def.Metadata["AssemblyName"] != null)
{
List<string> assemblyNames = new List<string>(def.Metadata["AssemblyName"].ToString().Split(','));
return assemblyNames.Contains(assemblyName);
}
}
return false;
}
5.下面是代碼塊演示瞭如何從目錄中篩選出元數據名稱爲"TXTLogger"以及爲"DebugLogger"的ILogger的實例
ILogger TXTLogger = Utility.GetLoggerInstance("TXTLogger");
ILogger DebugLogger = Utility.GetLoggerInstance("DebugLogger");
6.Build工程後,將dll拷貝到我們指定的文件夾地下,只需要在build event的post-build events command line中加上這樣一句話(不過需要當前的工程引用了這兩個工程纔可以):
if EXIST "$(ProjectDir)bin\AssemblyFolder" del /F /S /Q "$(ProjectDir)bin\AssemblyFolder"
robocopy "$(ProjectDir)bin" "$(ProjectDir)bin\AssemblyFolder" "*.HostMEFPartmetadata.*.*" /mov /xf "*.HostMEFPartmetadata.dll" "*.HostMEFPartmetadata.pdb"
set errorlevel = 0
echo "moved provider files to $(ProjectDir)bin\AssemblyFolder"