框架整合：Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate

導包

不同於以往的導包，由於我們創建的是maven的webapp項目，所以現在只需配置下pomxml這個配置文件，系統會自動到maven的中央倉庫去下載相應的包.

本人的pom.xml配置文件如下（都寫有說明的哈）：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>XRog</groupId>
  <artifactId>ssh</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>ssh Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <!-- 本人將配置包的版本信息都統一放入此處，方便以後管理-->
  <properties>
    <springVersion>4.3.1.RELEASE</springVersion>
    <hibernateVersion>4.3.5.Final</hibernateVersion>
    <jstlVersion>1.2</jstlVersion>
    <taglibVersion>1.1.2</taglibVersion>
    <servletVersion>3.0-alpha-1</servletVersion>
    <jsonVersion>1.9.13</jsonVersion>
    <jacksonVersion>2.5.0</jacksonVersion>
    <mysqlVersion>6.0.3</mysqlVersion>
    <c3p0Version>0.9.1.2</c3p0Version>
    <log4jVersion>1.2.17</log4jVersion>
    <fileuploadVersion>1.3.1</fileuploadVersion>
    <lombokVersion>1.16.10</lombokVersion>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- 單元測試 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring web + spring MVC-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${springVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- hibernate配置-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
      <version>${hibernateVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- hibernate 緩存, 視情況添加-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
      <version>${hibernateVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- jsp頁面使用的jstl支持-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>${jstlVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
      <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
      <version>${taglibVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>${servletVersion}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- DataBase數據庫連接 mysql包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>${mysqlVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 數據庫連接池-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>${c3p0Version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- json數據 使springMVC可以返回json值 ,視情況添加-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
      <version>${jsonVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Jackson可以輕鬆的將Java對象轉換成json對象和xml文檔,同樣也可以將json、xml轉換成Java對象-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- log4j配置, 視情況添加-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>${log4jVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--文件 上傳-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>${fileuploadVersion}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- lombok插件導包-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>${lombokVersion}</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
      </dependency>


  </dependencies>


  <build>
    <finalName>ssh</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

OK，配置後運行下maven,就會自動向中央倉庫下載相應的包啦！（這個就不多說了）。

SpringMVC配置

配置結構：
我們先配置下SpringMVC的配置：resources/META-INF/spring-mvc.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

       <!-- 啓動註解驅動的spring MVC功能,註冊請求url和註解POJO類方法的映射-->
       <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 對模型視圖名稱的解析,在請求時模型視圖名稱添加前後綴 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh" />

    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="views/" />      <!-- 前綴 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />   <!-- 後綴 -->
    </bean>

    <!--這裏是對靜態資源的映射-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/resources/js/" />
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/resources/css/" />
    <mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/resources/img/" />

</beans>

好了，我們現在修改下web.xml這個配置文件，完善下SpringMVC的配置， web.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
        <!-- 地址爲http://localhost:8080/  顯示的默認網頁-->
        <welcome-file-list>
          <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>

        <!-- spring MVC config start-->
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <!-- 此處指向的的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->
              <param-value>classpath:META-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <!--配置容器在啓動的時候就加載這個servlet並實例化-->
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>

        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
        <!-- spring MVC config end-->

</web-app>

OK，SpringMVC配置完成，現在我們進行一下測試吧

在controller層新建一個MainController，內容如下

package com.ssh.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;



@Controller
public class MainController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String test(){
//        實際返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置過前後綴
        return "test";
    }
}

test.jsp網頁如下：

<html>
<body>
<center>
<h2 style="color: #ff261a;">this is my test page!</h2>
</center>
</body>
</html>

重啓Tomcat服務器， 然後瀏覽器訪問http://localhost：8080/test

SpringMVC+Spring整合

這個就十分簡單了， 配置applicationContext.xml這個Spring的配置文件如下：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

        <!-- 自動掃描 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh">
            <!-- 掃描時跳過 @Controller 註解的JAVA類（控制器） -->
            <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>

</beans>

完善web.xml配置文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
        <!-- 地址爲http://localhost:8080/  顯示的默認網頁-->
        <welcome-file-list>
          <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>

    <!--加載Spring的配置文件到上下文中去-->
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>
                classpath:META-INF/applicationContext.xml
            </param-value>
        </context-param>

        <!-- spring MVC config start-->
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <!-- 此處指向的的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->
              <param-value>classpath:META-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <!--配置容器在啓動的時候就加載這個servlet並實例化-->
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>

        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
        <!-- spring MVC config end-->


        <!-- Spring監聽器 -->
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>

        <!--  字符集過濾  -->
        <filter>
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
                <param-value>true</param-value>
            </init-param>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

web.xml配置文件中更改了三處：引入Spring配置文件 Spring的監聽器 以及 字符集過濾

OK，Spring+SpringMVC配置完成，下面我們開始測試：

在service寫一個TestServiceImpl實現TestService接口並實現其test()方法， 代碼如下：

package com.ssh.service.impl;

import com.ssh.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {
    public String test() {
        return "test";
    }
}

PS:這裏注意寫@Service註解

MainController控制器更改如下：

package com.ssh.controller;

import com.ssh.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;


@Controller
public class MainController {

    @Autowired
    private TestService testService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String test(){
//        實際返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置過前後綴
        return "test";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "springtest", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String springTest(){
        return testService.test();
    }
}

控制器這裏我們運用了Spring的依賴注入自動裝配。

在瀏覽器中輸入地址http://localhost/springtest調用springtest方法

Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate整合

結構如下：

我們想來編寫config.properties這個配置文件，裏面存放的是hibernate的一些配置

#database connection config
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://?????:3306/ssh?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = ???

#hibernate config
hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql = true
hibernate.format_sql = true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update

這裏連接數據庫的參數由於我是連接我晚上的數據庫，因此我數據庫地址和密碼打了“？？？”,你們連接時改成自己本地的就OK了

下面配置hibernate，這裏我爲了方便，就直接寫進applicationContext.xml裏面。配置後的applicationContext.xml如下：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

    <!--********************************************配置Spring***************************************-->
        <!-- 自動掃描 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh">
            <!-- 掃描時跳過 @Controller 註解的JAVA類（控制器） -->
            <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>


    <!--********************************************配置hibernate********************************************-->

    <!--掃描配置文件(這裏指向的是之前配置的那個config.properties)-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/config.properties" />

    <!--配置數據源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />  <!--數據庫連接驅動-->
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />     <!--數據庫地址-->
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />   <!--用戶名-->
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />   <!--密碼-->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="40" />      <!--最大連接數-->
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="1" />       <!--最小連接數-->
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" />      <!--初始化連接池內的數據庫連接-->
        <property name="maxIdleTime" value="20" />  <!--最大空閒時間-->
    </bean>

    <!--配置session工廠-->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ssh.entity" />
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> <!--hibernate根據實體自動生成數據庫表-->
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>   <!--指定數據庫方言-->
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>     <!--在控制檯顯示執行的數據庫操作語句-->
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>     <!--在控制檯顯示執行的數據哭操作語句（格式）-->
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 事物管理器配置  -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

OK，到了這裏，配置結束。下面進入測試階段

實體類（entity)：

package com.ssh.entity;

import lombok.Data;

import javax.persistence.*;


@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "Person")
public class Person {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;

    @Column(name = "created")
    private Long created = System.currentTimeMillis();

    @Column(name = "username")
    private String username;

    @Column(name = "address")
    private String address;

    @Column(name = "phone")
    private String phone;

    @Column(name = "remark")
    private String remark;
}

PS：我這裏用了一個@Data註解，此註解會自動生成get方法，set方法，toString方法等一系列方法，功能十分強大，不過需要安裝插件以及導包， 有興趣的可以百度下

數據庫訪問層（repository）:

package com.ssh.repository;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

public interface DomainRepository<T,PK extends Serializable>{
    T load(PK id);

    T get(PK id);

    List<T> findAll();

    void persist(T entity);

    PK save(T entity);

    void saveOrUpdate(T entity);

    void delete(PK id);

    void flush();
}

package com.ssh.repository;

import com.ssh.entity.Person;

public interface PersonRepository extends DomainRepository<Person,Long> {
}

package com.ssh.repository.impl;

import com.ssh.repository.PersonRepository;
import com.ssh.entity.Person;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public class PersonRepositoryImpl implements PersonRepository {

    @Autowired
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    private Session getCurrentSession() {
        return this.sessionFactory.openSession();
    }

    public Person load(Long id) {
        return (Person)getCurrentSession().load(Person.class,id);
    }

    public Person get(Long id) {
        return (Person)getCurrentSession().get(Person.class,id);
    }

    public List<Person> findAll() {
        return null;
    }

    public void persist(Person entity) {
        getCurrentSession().persist(entity);
    }

    public Long save(Person entity) {
        return (Long)getCurrentSession().save(entity);
    }

    public void saveOrUpdate(Person entity) {
        getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);
    }

    public void delete(Long id) {
        Person person = load(id);
        getCurrentSession().delete(person);
    }

    public void flush() {
        getCurrentSession().flush();
    }
}

PS:我這裏顯示寫了一個比較通用的接口，其他所有接口皆繼承此接口， 再編寫實現類


注意：我這裏寫的session產生是調用的SessionFactory的openSession（）這個方法。之前使用getCurrentSession()一直報錯，後來百度了一下才知道，hibernate3版本可以使用getCurrentSession()來創建session，而hibernate4版本則不行。

服務層（service）:

package com.ssh.service;

import com.ssh.entity.Person;

public interface PersonService {
    Long savePerson();
}

package com.ssh.service.impl;

import com.ssh.entity.Person;
import com.ssh.repository.PersonRepository;
import com.ssh.service.PersonService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * Created by XRog
 * On 2/2/2017.2:40 PM
 */
@Service
public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {

    @Autowired
    private PersonRepository personRepository;

    public Long savePerson() {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setUsername("XRog");
        person.setPhone("18381005946");
        person.setAddress("chenDu");
        person.setRemark("this is XRog");
        return personRepository.save(person);
    }
}

控制層（controller）:

package com.ssh.controller;

import com.ssh.entity.Person;
import com.ssh.service.PersonService;
import com.ssh.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class MainController {

    @Autowired
    private PersonService personService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "savePerson", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public String savePerson(){
        personService.savePerson();
        return "success!";
    }
}

OK，編寫完畢，我們重啓下服務器然後測試：