在之前的版本，調整Innodb_Buffer_Pool_size大小必須重啓mysql進程纔可以生效，如今在MySQL5.7裏，可以直接動態設置，方便了很多。
這個功能應用的場景：
一、機器增加內存，DBA粗心大意忘記調大Innodb_Buffer_Pool_size了
二、工作交接，新來的DBA發現前任DBA設置的Innodb_Buffer_Pool_size不合理
需要注意的地方，在調整Buffer_Pool期間，用戶的請求將會阻塞，直到調整完畢，所以請勿在白天調整，在凌晨3-4點低峯期調整。
調整時，內部把數據頁移動到一個新的位置，單位是塊。如果想增加移動的速度，需要調整innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size參數的大小，默認是128M。
例（把BP 128M增大爲384M）：
mysql> SELECT @@innodb_buffer_pool_size;
+---------------------------+
| @@innodb_buffer_pool_size |
+---------------------------+
| 134217728 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT @@innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size;
+---------------------------------+
| @@innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size |
+---------------------------------+
| 134217728 |
+---------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL innodb_buffer_pool_size=402653184;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> SELECT @@innodb_buffer_pool_size;
+---------------------------+
| @@innodb_buffer_pool_size |
+---------------------------+
| 402653184 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size的大小，計算公式是innodb_buffer_pool_size / innodb_buffer_pool_instances
比如現在初始化innodb_buffer_pool_size爲2G，innodb_buffer_pool_instances實例爲4，innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size設置爲1G，那麼會自動把innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size 1G調整爲512M，例：
./mysqld --innodb_buffer_pool_size=2147483648 --innodb_buffer_pool_instances=4
--innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size=1073741824;
mysql> SELECT @@innodb_buffer_pool_size;
+---------------------------+
| @@innodb_buffer_pool_size |
+---------------------------+
| 2147483648 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT @@innodb_buffer_pool_instances;
+--------------------------------+
| @@innodb_buffer_pool_instances |
+--------------------------------+
| 4 |
+--------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
# Chunk size was set to 1GB (1073741824 bytes) on startup but was
# truncated to innodb_buffer_pool_size / innodb_buffer_pool_instances
mysql> SELECT @@innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size;
+---------------------------------+
| @@innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size |
+---------------------------------+
| 536870912 |
+---------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
監控Buffer Pool調整進程
mysql> SHOW STATUS WHERE Variable_name='InnoDB_buffer_pool_resize_status';
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Innodb_buffer_pool_resize_status | Resizing also other hash tables. |
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查看錯誤日誌：
（增大）
[Note] InnoDB: Resizing buffer pool from 134217728 to 4294967296. (unit=134217728)
[Note] InnoDB: disabled adaptive hash index.
[Note] InnoDB: buffer pool 0 : 31 chunks (253952 blocks) was added.
[Note] InnoDB: buffer pool 0 : hash tables were resized.
[Note] InnoDB: Resized hash tables at lock_sys, adaptive hash index, dictionary.
[Note] InnoDB: completed to resize buffer pool from 134217728 to 4294967296.
[Note] InnoDB: re-enabled adaptive hash index.
（減少）
[Note] InnoDB: Resizing buffer pool from 4294967296 to 134217728. (unit=134217728)
[Note] InnoDB: disabled adaptive hash index.
[Note] InnoDB: buffer pool 0 : start to withdraw the last 253952 blocks.
[Note] InnoDB: buffer pool 0 : withdrew 253952 blocks from free list. tried to relocate 0 pages. (253952/253952)
[Note] InnoDB: buffer pool 0 : withdrawn target 253952 blocks.
[Note] InnoDB: buffer pool 0 : 31 chunks (253952 blocks) was freed.
[Note] InnoDB: buffer pool 0 : hash tables were resized.
[Note] InnoDB: Resized hash tables at lock_sys, adaptive hash index, dictionary.
[Note] InnoDB: completed to resize buffer pool from 4294967296 to 134217728.
[Note] InnoDB: re-enabled adaptive hash index.
--------------------------------------分割線 --------------------------------------
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