MySQLCluster是sharednothing分佈式架構，ndb存儲引擎把數據放置於內存中。可以做到無單點故障。由運行於不同服務器上的的多種進程構成，組件包括SQL節點，NDBD數據節點，管理程序，以及（可能的）數據訪問程序表（結構）存在SQL節點中。應用程序通過SQL節點訪問這些數據表；NDBD數據節點用於保存數據；集羣管理通過管理工具ndb_mgmd管理。
MySQLCluster具有高可用性、高性能和可縮放性的Cluster數據管理。
MySQL集羣
1、軟件準備
虛擬機搭建：
環境：CentOS6.6 minimal 版本
MySQL Cluster 7.4.4：
下載：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/
自行選擇 x86-32bit 或者 x86-64bit
我這裏是實驗是選擇 x86-64bit
2、IP 規劃
mysql cluster 5個節點，部署在2臺機器上：
192.168.1.109 做爲 數據節點、SQL節點、管理節點
192.168.1.110 作爲 數據節點、SQL節點
3、查看服務器是否安裝有mysql(2臺服務器都檢查)
[root@mysql1 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@myqsql1 ~]#
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@myqsql1 ~]#
4、刪除
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
【開始部署數據節點、SQL節點】
5、創建用戶和組
[root@mysql1 ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@mysql1 ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@mysql1 ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@mysql1
home]tar -zxvf mysql-cluster-advanced-7.4.4-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
7、把解壓出來的MySQL Cluster放在 /usr/local/mysql 目錄下，修改相關用戶權限
[root@mysql1 home]# mv mysql-cluster-advanced-7.4.4-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
/usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql1
home]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql1
mysql]# chown
-R root:mysql .
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chown
-R mysql data/
8、修改MySQL
配置文件 my.cnf
(1) 先把 /etc/my.cnf 備份
[root@mysql1 mysql]# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
(2) 把 supports-file 文件夾下的 my-default.cnf 重命名爲 my.cnf 在[mysqld] 字段添加如下內容：
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
(3) 複製到 /etc/目錄下：
[root@mysql1 mysql]#
mv support-files/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
9、開始創建MySQL
系統表
[root@mysql1 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db basedir
= /usr/local/mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql
[root@mysql1 mysql]# yum -y install libaio-dev
系統表成功後，添加mysql root 密碼：
(1)[root@mysql1
mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe &
(2)mysqladmin -u root -p password 'newpassword'
10、配置啓動腳本
[root@mysql1
mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
# 設置mysql服務爲開機自啓動
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
# 設置mysql服務爲開機自啓動
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
【以上 3-10 步部署數據節點和SQL節點，在另一臺規劃機器做同樣操作】
【部署管理節點】
管理節點只需ndb_mgm和ndb_mgmd兩個文件和一個配置文件，這兩個文件從數據節點上copy就行
ndb_mgmd是 mysql cluster管理服務器，ndb_mgm是客戶端管理工具
ndb_mgmd是 mysql cluster管理服務器，ndb_mgm是客戶端管理工具
11、複製管理節點所需文件
[root@mysql1 mysql]# cp bin/ndb_mgm* /usr/local/bin
12、配置MySQL服務器成數據節點和SQL節點
[root@mysql1 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
改爲如下內容：
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
ndbcluster
ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.109
default-storage-engine=ndbcluster
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysql_cluster]
ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.109
在另一個節點也做同樣配置:
[root@mysql1
mysql]# scp /etc/my.cnf [email protected]:/etc/
注意：兩臺服務器的配置要一致
13、配置管理節點(192.168.1.109)
[root@mysql1 mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
[root@mysql1
mysql]# vi /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
加入以下內容：
加入以下內容：
[ndbd default]
NoOfReplicas=2
DataMemory=200M
IndexMemory=20M
[tcp default]
portnumber=2202
[ndb_mgmd]
#NodeId=1
hostname=192.168.1.109
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster/
[ndbd]
#NodeId=2
hostname=192.168.1.109
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
[ndbd]
#NodeId=3
hostname=192.168.1.110
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
[mysqld]
hostname=192.168.1.109
[mysqld]
hostname=192.168.1.110
14、啓動：管理節點--數據節點--SQL節點
關閉防火牆或者添加端口 1186 允許通過
[root@mysql1 mysql]# service iptables
stop （我選擇關閉）
啓動管理節點：
[root@mysql1
mysql]# cd /usr/local/bin
[root@mysql1
bin]# yum -y install perl perl-devel （預防運行ndb_mgmd 出錯）
[root@mysql1 bin]# ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
MySQL Cluster Management Server mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4
[root@mysql1 bin]#
[root@mysql1 bin]# ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
MySQL Cluster Management Server mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4
[root@mysql1 bin]#
啓動數據節點
[root@mysql1 bin]# ./ndbd --initial
2015-03-30 15:31:15 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to '192.168.1.109:1186'
2015-03-30 15:31:15 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 2
[root@mysql1 bin]#
[root@mysql1 bin]# ./ndbd --initial
2015-03-30 15:31:15 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to '192.168.1.109:1186'
2015-03-30 15:31:15 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 2
[root@mysql1 bin]#
啓動第二個數據節點
[root@mysql2 bin]# ./ndbd --initial
2015-03-30 15:36:34 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to '192.168.1.109:1186'
2015-03-30 15:36:34 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 3
[root@myqClter2 bin]#
[root@mysql2 bin]# ./ndbd --initial
2015-03-30 15:36:34 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to '192.168.1.109:1186'
2015-03-30 15:36:34 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 3
[root@myqClter2 bin]#
啓動sql節點
[root@mysql1 bin]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL.......................................... SUCCESS!
[root@mysql1 bin]#
[root@mysql1 bin]# ps -ef | grep mysql
[root@mysql1 bin]# Starting MySQL.......................................... SUCCESS!
[root@mysql1 bin]#
[root@mysql1 bin]# ps -ef | grep mysql
15、客戶端管理使用/usr/local/bin/ndb_mgm
[root@mysql1 bin]# cd /usr/local/bin
[root@mysql1
bin]#
[root@mysql1
bin]# ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.109:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2 @192.168.1.109 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3 @192.168.1.110 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4, Nodegroup: 0)
[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1 @192.168.1.109 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)
[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4 @192.168.1.109 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)
id=5 @192.168.1.110 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)
ndb_mgm>
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.109:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2 @192.168.1.109 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3 @192.168.1.110 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4, Nodegroup: 0)
[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1 @192.168.1.109 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)
[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4 @192.168.1.109 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)
id=5 @192.168.1.110 (mysql-5.6.23 ndb-7.4.4)
ndb_mgm>
#退出管理工具
ndb_mgm> quit
[root@mysql1 bin]#
ndb_mgm> quit
[root@mysql1 bin]#
16、測試
使用mysql cluster中需要注意兩點：
一是表必須用ENGINE=NDB或ENGINE=NDBCLUSTER選項創建，使用ALTER TABLE選項更改也可以，以使用NDB Cluster存儲引擎在 Cluster內複製它們。
二是每個NDB表必須要有一個主鍵，如果沒有，NDB Cluster存儲引擎將自動生成隱含主鍵。
連到sql節點1上，創建ndb引擎數據表t1，插入數據，連到sql節點2上，查看t1表數據，再插入數據，連到sql節點1查看，沒問題就OK了。
連接sql節點1，創建下表並插入數據：
[root@mysql1 ~]# mysql -h 192.168.1.109 -p test 一是表必須用ENGINE=NDB或ENGINE=NDBCLUSTER選項創建，使用ALTER TABLE選項更改也可以，以使用NDB Cluster存儲引擎在 Cluster內複製它們。
二是每個NDB表必須要有一個主鍵，如果沒有，NDB Cluster存儲引擎將自動生成隱含主鍵。
連到sql節點1上，創建ndb引擎數據表t1，插入數據，連到sql節點2上，查看t1表數據，再插入數據，連到sql節點1查看，沒問題就OK了。
連接sql節點1，創建下表並插入數據：
Enter password:
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 19
Server version: 5.6.23-ndb-7.4.4-cluster-commercial-advanced MySQL Cluster Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+------------------------+
| Database |
+------------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| ndb_2_fs |
| ndbinfo |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> use test
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(id int(11) not null auto_increment primary key,name varchar(10),password varchar(20),others varchar(128));
mysql> insert
into t1 values(1, 'ndb','123456','1');
mysql> insert
into t1 values(2, 'ndb2','123456','2');mysql> insert
into t1 values(3, 'nd3','123456','3');
mysql> insert
into t1 values(4, 'ndb4','123456','4');
mysql> select * from t1;
+----+------+----------+--------+
| id | name | password | others |
+----+------+----------+--------+
| 3 | ndb3 | 123456 | 3 |
| 1 | ndb | 123456 | 1 |
| 2 | ndb2 | 123456 | 2 |
| 4 | ndb4 | 123456 | 4 |
+----+------+----------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
[root@mysql1 ~]#
連到sql節點2上，查看t1表數據，再插入數據：
[root@mysql2 ~]# mysql -h 192.168.1.110 -p test Enter password:
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.23-ndb-7.4.4-cluster-commercial-advanced MySQL Cluster Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> select * from t1;
+----+------+----------+--------+
| id | name | password | others |
+----+------+----------+--------+
| 1 | ndb | 123456 | 1 |
| 2 | ndb2 | 123456 | 2 |
| 4 | ndb4 | 123456 | 4 |
| 3 | ndb3 | 123456 | 3 |
+----+------+----------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into t1 values(5, 'ndb5','123456','5');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@mysql2 ~]#
連到sql節點1查看，沒問題就OK了。
[root@mysql1 ~]# mysql -h 192.168.1.109 -p test Enter password:
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 22
Server version: 5.6.23-ndb-7.4.4-cluster-commercial-advanced MySQL Cluster Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> select * from t1;
+----+------+----------+--------+
| id | name | password | others |
+----+------+----------+--------+
| 3 | ndb3 | 123456 | 3 |
| 5 | ndb5 | 123456 | 5 |
| 1 | ndb | 123456 | 1 |
| 2 | ndb2 | 123456 | 2 |
| 4 | ndb4 | 123456 | 4 |
+----+------+----------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@mysql1 ~]#
17、關閉
管理節點--數據節點--SQL節點
命令ndb_mgm -e shutdown關閉管理節點和數據節點，sql節點/etc/init.d/mysqld stop關就可以了
[root@mysql1 ~]# ndb_mgm -e shutdown
Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.55.15:1186
3 NDB Cluster node(s) have shutdown.
Disconnecting to allow management server to shutdown.
[root@mysql1 ~]#
[root@mysql1 ~]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS!
[root@mysql1 ~]#
[root@mysql1 ~]# ndb_mgm -e shutdown
Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.55.15:1186
3 NDB Cluster node(s) have shutdown.
Disconnecting to allow management server to shutdown.
[root@mysql1 ~]#
[root@mysql1 ~]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS!
[root@mysql1 ~]#
[root@mysql2 ~]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS!
engine=ndbcluster或者engine=ndb的表才能使用Data node所存儲。其他engine即放在SQL node本地，就像單機版一樣。
這東西用着如何就根據實際場景測吧，其相關的bug可以到http://bugs.mysql.com/search.php查看
這東西用着如何就根據實際場景測吧，其相關的bug可以到http://bugs.mysql.com/search.php查看