Python3模拟登录豆瓣(以豆瓣为例)

首先,先哭一会儿.
因为,这个模拟登录我弄了很久,我是属于没经验的那种.所以要弄很久.


登录的目标站点是:
www.douban.com
豆瓣网站!






先上思路吧!
"""
技术要求:
Python第三方库:
requests
json
"""
思路:
#这是最基本的防止反爬虫的策略了!就是设置User-Agent和Referer!
headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; W…) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/59.0",
"Referer":"https://www.douban.com/account…w.douban.com/people/153954087/"}
#第二,设置data!
#因为登录一般来说都是POST请求,那么就会涉及到表单的提交!
def login(CaptchaToken):
data = {"captcha-id":CaptchaToken,
"captcha-solution":input("请输入验证码:"),
"form_email":"你自己的账号",
"form_password":"你自己的密码",
"login":u"登录",
"redir":"https://www.douban.com/people/153954087/",
"source":"None"
}
#啥?什么是POST?
#这个东西你百度的话还真的难懂,不如去试炼一番.
#怎么试炼?
呐:https://v.qq.com/x/page/p0525lpt4x0.html


#提交表单的数据是通过POST,还是不懂POST的话,那么请看"呐"的链接即可!
response = requests.post("https://accounts.douban.com/login",data,headers)
print(response.url)
return response.text


#最后一部分的就是关于豆瓣的验证码的问题了!
#所以这块也不会是晦涩难懂,基本思路就是!
#获取验证码图片的URL,然后,url是不变的,变化的是url的id!
#验证码:
def CaptchaCode(url):
response = requests.get(url)
result = response.json()
CaptchaUrl = result["url"]
CaptchaToken = result["token"]
CodeImg = requests.get("https:"+CaptchaUrl,headers).content
f = open("douban_code.png","wb")
f.write(CodeImg)
f.close()


return CaptchaToken




完整代码:


import requests




"""
思路:
1.设置headers,防止反扒
2.设置data
3.验证码的设置


"""


headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; W…) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/59.0",
"Referer":"https://www.douban.com/account…w.douban.com/people/153954087/"}
#验证码:
def CaptchaCode(url):
response = requests.get(url)
result = response.json()#转化为json格式的字符串!
CaptchaUrl = result["url"]
CaptchaToken = result["token"]
CodeImg = requests.get("https:"+CaptchaUrl,headers).content
f = open("douban_code.png","wb")
f.write(CodeImg)
f.close()


return CaptchaToken
#返回验证码的ID


#登录
def login(CaptchaToken):
data = {"captcha-id":CaptchaToken,
"captcha-solution":input("请输入验证码:"),
"form_email":"xxxxx",
"form_password":"xxxxxx",
"login":u"登录",
"redir":"https://www.douban.com/people/153954087/",
"source":"None"
}


response = requests.post("https://accounts.douban.com/login",data,headers)
print(response.url)
return response.text






CaptchaToken = CaptchaCode("https://www.douban.com/j/misc/captcha")


response = login(CaptchaToken)
if "iven" in response:
print("登录成功!")
else:
print("登录失败!")


print(response)
最后说一点,模拟登陆的意思就是 把你的爬虫尽可能的模仿成浏览器的样子去访问目标站点!
这个就需要经验和时间的累积了.
我总结了一点,关于懂和不懂的区别.
懂了不一定会,你懂了其思路,说是懂了.但是真正去实现的时候就会是一脸懵逼的!
所以,在学习这个东西时,做一下记录.保持学习进程.
就这么多!