pip-9.0.1更新到pip-10.0.0遇到的問題

環境爲Ubuntu16.4 LTS 64bit，在使用pip的過程中，總是提醒我當前使用的9.0.1版本，有更新的版本10.0.0可以使用

提示如下：

You are using pip version 9.0.1, however version 10.0.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

可是，當我敲入上面的

pip install --upgrade pip

命令之後，

Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 9.0.1
    Uninstalling pip-9.0.1:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-9.0.1
  Rolling back uninstall of pip
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/gritzhang/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/home/gritzhang/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 342, in run
    prefix=options.prefix_path,
  File "/home/gritzhang/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 784, in install
    **kwargs
  File "/home/gritzhang/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 851, in install
    self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root, prefix=prefix)
  File "/home/gritzhang/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 1064, in move_wheel_files
    isolated=self.isolated,
  File "/home/gritzhang/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 345, in move_wheel_files
    clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
  File "/home/gritzhang/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 316, in clobber
    ensure_dir(destdir)
  File "/home/gritzhang/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 83, in ensure_dir
    os.makedirs(path)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
    mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-10.0.1.dist-info'
You are using pip version 9.0.1, however version 10.0.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

異常的話，應該可以通過提示解決掉這個問題，可以看到是因爲執行命令 mkdir(name,mode);

所以在執行下面的

pip install --upgrade pip

這句命令時，在前面加上sudo  pip install --upgrade pip 然後輸入密碼執行就“顯示”成功安裝了。

但是安裝後試一下pip list 提示如下：

bash: /home/gritzhang/.local/bin/pip: No such file or directory

這個就是環境變量裏的執行地址不一樣了，改一下環境變量，查看了一下pip10的目錄發現裏面除了幾個txt什麼都沒有，而且此時的pip不管用了，好吧，重新去官網下載了一壓縮包（點擊即可下載），然後解壓，放到python的安裝文件夾下，進入pip目錄中執行python setup.py，之後就OK了，用上了新的pip版本，本可以不這麼費事，好吧，雖然曲折了一點兒，但是結果很OK！！！