# 使用scp從windows拷貝文件到linux服務器 scp（security copy protocol）

使用scp從windows拷貝文件到linux服務器 scp（security copy protocol）

1. 問題緣起：

需求：公司的項目系統需要將硬件採集到window上的數據文件轉移到我們的linux服務器上指定文件夾

2. 尋找解決方案： >

開始時沒有搞清楚需求，以爲就是像web系統一樣通過表單上傳文件到服務器一樣（只是不需要表單了，有點傻呵呵），想到的都是javaweb的文件上傳工具、方法，顯然是不行的，搞了2個小時左右，沒有找到一個行的通的解決方案，還在繼續鬱悶摸索，當然摸索的過程中也不斷的明確了點我到底想要什麼 1、所要做的操作是拷貝文件，2、環境是跨系統的，遠程的，3、操作的工具語言是java; 差不多在這個時候，我覺得爲了工程的進度不能在自己一個這樣胡亂摸索了，太浪費時間，老大就在旁邊，何不求教!

然後向老大描述了我的思考和探索進展情況，說還沒有找到可行的解決方案。老大就是老大，果然經驗（知識面廣）很重要，聽了以後告訴我scp，讓我看看，還幫我找了一個博客。看到scp，然後再思考對比發現，正是我要找的方案。至此，找到了理論上可以的解決方案。果然要多聽老人言，哈哈。

反思

那如果沒有老大的指點，我們應該如何面對一個問題？這個是關鍵。從這次問題中我覺得可以得到幾點答案：
> 1、就是知道想要什麼效果？ 2、現在的是什麼情況？ 3、想要怎麼做、可以怎麼做？
說白了就是搞清需求，在有針對性的找解決方案。

關鍵代碼

package service;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import ch.ethz.ssh2.Connection;
import ch.ethz.ssh2.SCPClient;

public class Scpclient {

    static private Scpclient instance;

    static synchronized public Scpclient getInstance(String IP, int port,
            String username, String passward) {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new Scpclient(IP, port, username, passward);
        }
        return instance;
    }

    public Scpclient(String IP, int port, String username, String passward) {
        this.ip = IP;
        this.port = port;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = passward;
    }


    public void getFile(String remoteFile, String localTargetDirectory) {
        Connection conn = new Connection(ip,port);
        try {
            conn.connect();
            boolean isAuthenticated = conn.authenticateWithPassword(username,
                    password);
            if (isAuthenticated == false) {
                System.err.println("authentication failed");
            }
            SCPClient client = new SCPClient(conn);
            client.get(remoteFile, localTargetDirectory);
            conn.close();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(SCPClient.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null,ex);
        }
    }


    public void putFile(String localFile, String remoteTargetDirectory) {
        Connection conn = new Connection(ip,port);
        try {
            conn.connect();
            boolean isAuthenticated = conn.authenticateWithPassword(username,
                    password);
            if (isAuthenticated == false) {
                System.err.println("authentication failed");
            }
            SCPClient client = new SCPClient(conn);
            client.put(localFile, remoteTargetDirectory);
            conn.close();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(SCPClient.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null,ex);
        }
    }


    public void  putFile(String localFile, String remoteFileName,String remoteTargetDirectory,String mode) {
        Connection conn = new Connection(ip,port);
        try {
            conn.connect();
            boolean isAuthenticated = conn.authenticateWithPassword(username,
                    password);
            if (isAuthenticated == false) {
                System.err.println("authentication failed");
            }
            SCPClient client = new SCPClient(conn);
            if((mode == null) || (mode.length() == 0)){
                mode = "0600";
            }
            client.put(localFile, remoteFileName, remoteTargetDirectory, mode);

            //重命名
            ch.ethz.ssh2.Session sess = conn.openSession();
            String tmpPathName = remoteTargetDirectory +File.separator+ remoteFileName;
            String newPathName = tmpPathName.substring(0, tmpPathName.lastIndexOf("."));
            sess.execCommand("mv " + remoteFileName + " " + newPathName);//重命名回來

            conn.close();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(SCPClient.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null,ex);
        }
    }

    public void putFile(String localFile, String remoteFileName,String remoteTargetDirectory) {
        Connection conn = new Connection(ip,port);
        try {
            conn.connect();
            boolean isAuthenticated = conn.authenticateWithPassword(username,
                    password);
            if (isAuthenticated == false) {
                System.err.println("authentication failed");
            }
            SCPClient client = new SCPClient(conn);
            client.put(getBytes(localFile), remoteFileName, remoteTargetDirectory);
            conn.close();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(SCPClient.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null,ex);
        }
    }

    public static byte[] getBytes(String filePath) {
        byte[] buffer = null;
        try {
            File file = new File(filePath);
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            ByteArrayOutputStream byteArray = new ByteArrayOutputStream(1024*1024);
            byte[] b = new byte[1024*1024];
            int i;
            while ((i = fis.read(b)) != -1) {
                byteArray.write(b, 0, i);
            }
            fis.close();
            byteArray.close();
            buffer = byteArray.toByteArray();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return buffer;
    }

    private String ip;
    private int port;
    private String username;
    private String password;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getPort() {
        return port;
    }

    public void setPort(int port) {
        this.port = port;
    }

}

3. 調試嘗試解決方案核心功能

> 首先在網上找到的解決方案，剛好有代碼，就直接拿來用上了,需要一個scp支持jar包

—— [anymed-ssh2-build210 jar

包]

調試遇到問題1：

報錯：unknown host exception 未知主機異常

後來發現是把ip寫錯了，ip比如192.168.0.1，被我寫成了http://192.168.0.1，肯定就找不到主機了，改回來就好了

調試遇到問題2：

報錯：Remote scp terminated unexpectedly
意思：遠程scp意外終止。
剛開始只是盲目的去網上找這個錯誤的相關信息，然而結果並不理想，但是隨着對scp的瞭解，發現原來scp也是linux上運行的一個命令協議，和ssh一樣，那就現在linux上以scp協議連接然後 直接使用scp命令試一下吧，試一下，果然出錯了，如下：

[root@fengyun scpclient]# scp -t -d /home/scpclient/
-bash: scp: command not found

因爲遠程liunx服務器端不能運行scp命令，果然在網上找打解決辦法：
使用yum install openssh-clients命令安裝openssh-clients
“`
[root@fengyun tmp]# yum install openssh-clients
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package openssh-clients.x86_64 0:5.3p1-122.el6 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: openssh = 5.3p1-122.el6 for package: openssh-clients-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libedit.so.0()(64bit) for package: openssh-clients-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package libedit.x86_64 0:2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6 will be installed
—> Package openssh.x86_64 0:5.3p1-94.el6 will be updated
–> Processing Dependency: openssh = 5.3p1-94.el6 for package: openssh-server-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64
—> Package openssh.x86_64 0:5.3p1-122.el6 will be an update
–> Running transaction check
—> Package openssh-server.x86_64 0:5.3p1-94.el6 will be updated
—> Package openssh-server.x86_64 0:5.3p1-122.el6 will be an update
–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

Installing:
openssh-clients x86_64 5.3p1-122.el6 base 443 k
Installing for dependencies:
libedit x86_64 2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6 base 74 k
Updating for dependencies:
openssh x86_64 5.3p1-122.el6 base 277 k
openssh-server x86_64 5.3p1-122.el6 base 329 k

Transaction Summary

Install 2 Package(s)
Upgrade 2 Package(s)

Total download size: 1.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/4): libedit-2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 74 kB 00:00
(2/4): openssh-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64.rpm | 277 kB 00:02
(3/4): openssh-clients-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64.rpm | 443 kB 00:03

(4/4): openssh-server-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64.rpm | 329 kB 00:02

Total 147 kB/s | 1.1 MB 00:07
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : openssh-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64 1/6
Installing : libedit-2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6.x86_64 2/6
Installing : openssh-clients-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64 3/6
Updating : openssh-server-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64 4/6
Cleanup : openssh-server-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64 5/6
Cleanup : openssh-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64 6/6
Verifying : openssh-server-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64 1/6
Verifying : libedit-2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6.x86_64 2/6
Verifying : openssh-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64 3/6
Verifying : openssh-clients-5.3p1-122.el6.x86_64 4/6
Verifying : openssh-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64 5/6
Verifying : openssh-server-5.3p1-94.el6.x86_64 6/6

Installed:
openssh-clients.x86_64 0:5.3p1-122.el6

Dependency Installed:
libedit.x86_64 0:2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6

Dependency Updated:
openssh.x86_64 0:5.3p1-122.el6 openssh-server.x86_64 0:5.3p1-122.el6

Complete!
[root@fengyun tmp]#

“`

測試代碼：


@Test
public void test(){
Scpclient scpclient = new Scpclient("192.168.0.122", 22, "root", "linux root賬戶密碼");
scpclient.putFile("C:\\Users\\zhengss\\Pictures\\fullinfo.png", "fullinfo.png", "/home/scpclient/", null);
}


再使用secureCRT遠程連接linux工具，選擇scp協議連接linux服務器，測試scp -t -d /home/scpclient/
如下

再次使用java程序傳輸文件成功,歐耶！