MySQL5.7 安裝 - Linux下RPM方式安裝

目前MySQL5.7的最新版本是5.7.19，

下載

• 地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
• 名稱：mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

安裝

我已經把安裝包放到/usr/local/software路徑下面

[root@localhost software]# ls
mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

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查看是否已經安裝mysql

rpm -qa | grep mysql

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解壓tar文件

• 命令

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

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• 執行結果

[root@localhost software]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

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卸載衝突的RPM組件

在我們安裝mysql相關組件的時候，如果不將此衝突的組件刪除掉，我們是安裝不成功的。
我們可以先跳過這步，直接進入下步操作，在安裝的過程中會有相應的提示。下面是我所碰到的一個提示：

# 安裝mysql組件時出現的依賴錯誤
error: Failed dependencies:
        mysql-community-common(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64

# 卸載mariadb-libs時出現的依賴錯誤
error: Failed dependencies:
        libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
        libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

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可以看出，我們需要卸載postfix和mariadb-libs相關的組件。卸載我們可以使用rpm -ev xxx。

• 查看postfix和mariadb-libs

rpm -qa | grep postfix
rpm -qa | grep mariadb

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• 執行過程

[root@localhost software]# rpm -qa | grep postfix
postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

[root@localhost software]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

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• 卸載postfix和mariadb-libs

rpm -ev postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
rpm -ev mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

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• 執行過程

[root@localhost software]# rpm -ev postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
Preparing packages...
postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost software]# rpm -ev mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
Preparing packages...
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

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安裝依賴組件

在我進行安裝msql-community-server-xxx的時候出現了下面的問題

[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
        /usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
        perl(strict) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost software]# 

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由上面的錯誤可以看出我們需要安裝相應的依賴
1. libaio
2. net-tools
3. perl

• 安裝依賴

yum -y install libaio
yum -y net-tools
yum -y perl

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安裝mysql組件

經過上面的解壓操作，我們得到了很多rpm文件。但是我們不需要這麼多，我們只需要安裝一下四個組件就可以了：

mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

因爲具有依賴關係，所以我們需要按順序執行。
用rpm -ivh 文件名就能安裝相應的組件。
在執行server的時候，需要依賴安裝一些工具組件，已經在上文有說明了

• 安裝命令

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

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• 執行過程

[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%]

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啓動數據庫

# 查看mysql是否啓動
service mysqld status

# 啓動mysql
service mysqld start

# 停止mysql
service mysqld stop

# 重啓mysql
service mysqld restart

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修改密碼

mysql安裝完成之後我們是沒有設置密碼的，但是mysql爲我們設置了一個臨時的密碼，我們可以查看mysql的日誌知道這個臨時密碼。

• 查看臨時密碼

grep password /var/log/mysqld.log

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• 執行過程

[root@localhost ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log 
2017-09-01T16:43:10.889769Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: hcLMTxbOh2?w

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這樣我們得知臨時密碼是：hcLMTxbOh2?w。
然後我們用這個臨時密碼登錄數據庫。

數據庫的密碼需要滿足以下條件：大小寫字母，數字和特殊符號

• 執行命令

# 登錄mysql，之後需要輸入密碼
mysql -p

# 設置新密碼
set password = password("Mysql_123456");

# 退出當前登錄
quit;

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• 執行過程

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.19 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password = password("Mysql_123456");
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit;

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重新登錄，這樣我們就能用新的密碼登錄了。我們可以愉快的進行數據庫操作了。

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mysql的配置文件修改屬性

character_set_server=utf8       ----服務器字符編碼
lower_case_table_names=1     -----表名不區分大小寫