MongoDB是一種強大、靈活、可拓展的數據存儲方式。它擴展了關係型數據庫等，吧啦吧啦一大堆廢話，對於一門新的語言或者技術，瞭解技術背景是一方面，動手實練也是必不可少的。這裏我打算髮一些MongoDB從入門到項目應用的文章，也方便做些技術預言。將涉獵到MongoDB基礎應用入門以及分佈式部署等等方面。
一：從mongodb.org官網入手，瞭解MongoDB
從MongoDB官網下載最新的文檔來看看，當然可以選擇下載文檔(MongoDB-manual.pdf)到本地以供檢索，MongoDB作爲開源的NoSQL數據庫還帶來了靈活、高效易擴展等優勢。
Document Database
A record in MongoDB is a document, which is a data structure composed of field and value pairs. MongoDB documents are similar to JSON objects. The values of fields may include other documents, arrays, and arrays of documents.
A MongoDB document.
The advantages of using documents are:
- Documents (i.e. objects) correspond to native data types in many programming language.
- Embedded documents and arrays reduce need for expensive joins.
- Dynamic schema supports fluent polymorphism.
Key Features
High Performance
MongoDB provides high performance data persistence. In particular,
- Support for embedded data models reduces I/O activity on database system.
- Indexes support faster queries and can include keys from embedded documents and arrays.
High Availability
To provide high availability, MongoDB’s replication facility, called replica sets, provide:
- automatic failover.
- data redundancy.
A replica set is a group of MongoDB servers that maintain the same data set, providing redundancy and increasing data availability.
Automatic Scaling
MongoDB provides horizontal scalability as part of its core functionality.
- Automatic sharding distributes data across a cluster of machines.
- Replica sets can provide eventually-consistent reads for low-latency high throughput deployments.
二：安裝並簡單測試MongoDB數據庫，熟悉簡要的命令
安裝非常簡單，只需要在官網下載MongoDB最新程序，解壓到本地磁盤即可。剩下的就是簡單配置和測試使用了。
把MongoDB解壓到本地E:\mongodb下 並新建一個db文件夾用作數據存儲。做完如上操作後，在CMD敲入命令，到E:\mongodb\bin 目錄下，開啓MongDB服務並設置數據存儲路徑(dbpath) 。
控制檯提示，可通過http://localhost:28017/ 訪問MongoDB Web Console。
重新打開一個CMD窗口，進入MondoDB bin文件路徑後，使用mongo命令打開控制檯並自動連接到test db。操作到此，就是已經完整的安裝並調試了本地MongoDB服務。