1.創建站點及虛擬目錄。在Eclipse中創建新的Dynamic Web Project(這裏命名爲WebTest)。在文件WebContent目錄下新建index.html ,然後在Tomcat中創建指向WebContent的虛擬路徑(這裏命名虛擬路徑爲jtest)。配置完成後在瀏覽器中輸入地址http://127.0.0.1:8080/jtest/index.html,測試站點是否啓動運行。
2.測試jsp容器。在WebContent目錄下新建index.jsp文件,在文件的body中輸入"Success! <%=new java.util.Date()%> ",在瀏覽器中訪問該文件,查看jsp文件是否被正常解析.
3.創建Servlet。在src源碼目錄下創建com.test.servlet.TestServlet類。內容如下:
1: package com.test.servlet;
2:
3: import java.io.IOException;
4: import java.io.PrintWriter;
5:
6: import javax.servlet.ServletException;
7: import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
8: import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
9: import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
10:
11: @SuppressWarnings("serial")
12: public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
13: protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
14: throws ServletException, IOException {
15: PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
16: out.println("
Test success!
");17: out.flush();
18: }
19: }
上面的HttpServlet類在Servlet-api.jar中,需要添加jar引用。然後編譯該類,並輸出到WEB-INF/classes目錄下。
4.配置Servlet。在web.xml中的web-app小節中添加以下Servlet配置:
1: <servlet>
2: <servlet-name>TestServletservlet-name>
3: <servlet-class>com.test.servlet.TestServletservlet-class>
4: servlet>
5: <servlet-mapping>
6: <servlet-name>TestServletservlet-name>
7: <url-pattern>/test/*url-pattern>
8: servlet-mapping>
以上配置聲明瞭一個名稱爲TestServlet的Servlet,該Servlet由com.test.servlet.TestServlet實現,然後把該Servlet映射到url的/test/路徑下,這樣在瀏覽器中通過地址http://127.0.0.1:8080/jtest/test/xxx就可以訪問到該Servlet,頁面輸出:Test success!
5.使用bean。bean是一個普通的class,在src源碼目錄下創建類com.test.bean.MyBean,內容如下:
1: package com.test.bean;
2:
3: public class MyBean {
4: private String name = "";
5: public MyBean(String strName_p){ //構造
6: this.name=strName_p;
7: }
8: public void setName(String strName_p){ //set屬性
9: this.name=strName_p;
10: }
11: public String getName(){ //get屬性
12: return this.name;
13: }
14: }
然後在jsp文件中應用該bean,jsp內容如下:
1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
2: <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
3: <%@ page import="com.test.bean.MyBean" %>
4: DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
5: <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
6: <head>
7: <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
8: <title>Insert title heretitle>
9: head>
10: <body>
11: <center>
12: <%
13: MyBean testBean=new MyBean("This is a test java bean.");
14: %>
15: Java bean name is: <%=testBean.getName()%>
16: center>
17: body
在瀏覽器中通過地址http://127.0.0.1:8080/jtest/test.jsp訪問該文件,輸出“Java bean name is: This is a test java bean.”
至此,java Web站點的基本配置演示就完成了。