前言
移动Push推送是移动互联网最基础的需求之一，用于满足移动互联环境下消息到达App客户端。以转转（58赶集旗下真实个人的闲置交易平台）为例，当买家下单后，我们通过移动Push推送消息告诉卖家，当卖家已经发货时，我们通过移动Push消息告诉买家，让买卖双方及时掌握二手商品交易的实时订单动态。
实现推送功能的方案有许多，具体可以看《程序员》的一篇文章http://geek.csdn.net/news/detail/58738，这里也详解了IOS与Android接受推送的机制不同。
本文主要讲的是利用第三方平台来开发个推功能的API，使用的个推平台：http://www.getui.com/
具体的使用流程，如何绑定APP在官网的官方文档里已经详细给出，这个都是操作问题，不涉及到后台的开发。官方文档里已经给出了API介绍，但是使用的需求API提供的信息远远超出了API介绍的范围。下面我将从设计的角度给出一个DEMO。
DEMO
需求：web端／APP端给指定群体用户发送一条通知，使用客户端登录APP的指定用户都能收到通知（支持多终端登录），在菜单栏显示通知，点击通知转到APP内（透传）显示通知详情（无论APP离线还是在线）；
设计：
类：
loginUserPojo(用户类)
NotificationPojo（通知类）－－属性见数据库设计信息表
数据库表的设计：
user_login（user_id，user_name，password....）
nofitication(notification_id,title,content,createDt,creator_user_id....)
user_device(user_id,client_id,device_token)(ios个推信息通过device_id发送，andorid通过client_id发送)
个推API设计：
1.基本配置信息类
public class GeXinBaseInfo {
//以下三个属性每个APP不同
static String appId = "VAn4M36ciG9mGBEQwuDxV5";
static String appkey = "HSlKLGNZ8e6RChB3JCIop9";
static String master = "CUEIVtxSdL6wO9GfRxFoZ1";
//host是固定的作为个推的服务器
static String host = "http://sdk.open.api.igexin.com/serviceex";
static long offExpireTime = 24 * 1000 * 3600;
//透传消息设置，1为强制启动应用，客户端接收到消息后就会立即启动应用；2为等待应用启动
static int TYPE_LAUNCH_APP = 1;
static int TYPE_WAIT_FOR_CLICK = 2;
}2.安卓端接收信息类（点击通知后，app端根据ID信息获取通知详情）
public class TransimissionContentPojo implements Serializable{
//通知的id
private String contentId;
//其它属性。。。
//private ...
public String getContentId() {
return contentId;
}
public void setContentId(String contentId) {
this.contentId = contentId;
}
}public class NotiTemplateFactory {
//andorid
public static NotificationTemplate produceNotiFromNoti(NotificationPojo notificationPojo){
NotificationTemplate template = getBaseTemplate();
template.setTitle("移动校园");
template.setText(notificationPojo.getTitle());
template.setTransmissionType(1);
TransimissionContentPojo pojo = new TransimissionContentPojo();
pojo.setContentId(notificationPojo.getNotificationId());
template.setTransmissionContent(new Gson().toJson(pojo));
return template;
}
//ios
public static APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg getDictionaryAlertMsg(String title, NotificationPojo nPojo){
APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg alertMsg = new APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg();
alertMsg.setBody(title);
alertMsg.setTitle("移动校园");
alertMsg.setTitleLocKey("ccccc");
alertMsg.setActionLocKey("移动校园");
return alertMsg;
}
｝4.个推发送信息工具类
public class GeXinMPushUtil {
private static GeXinMPushUtil instance;
private static ExecutorService executorService;
private List<Target> convertToTargets(List<String> cidList) {
List<Target> targetList = new ArrayList<>();
for (String cid : cidList) {
Target target = new Target();
target.setAppId(GeXinBaseInfo.appId);
target.setClientId(cid);
// target.setAlias(cid);
targetList.add(target);
}
return targetList;
}
protected IGtPush push;
public GeXinMPushUtil() {
push = new IGtPush(GeXinBaseInfo.host, GeXinBaseInfo.appkey, GeXinBaseInfo.master);
executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
}
public static GeXinMPushUtil getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new GeXinMPushUtil();
}
return instance;
}
//andorid有通知
public void push(final NotificationTemplate notificationTemplate, final List<String> cidList) {
executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ListMessage message = new ListMessage();
message.setData(notificationTemplate);
message.setOffline(true);
message.setOfflineExpireTime(GeXinBaseInfo.offExpireTime);
String taskId = push.getContentId(message);
IPushResult ret = push.pushMessageToList(taskId, convertToTargets(cidList));
System.out.println(ret.getResponse().toString());
}
});
}
//andorid透传，无通知
public void push(final TransmissionTemplate transmissionTemplate, final List<String> cidList) {
executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ListMessage message = new ListMessage();
message.setData(transmissionTemplate);
message.setOffline(false);
message.setOfflineExpireTime(GeXinBaseInfo.offExpireTime);
String taskId = push.getContentId(message);
IPushResult ret = push.pushMessageToList(taskId, convertToTargets(cidList));
System.out.println(ret.getResponse().toString());
}
});
}
//将用户ID与client_id绑定记录在个推服务上
public boolean bind(String alias, String cid){
IAliasResult bindSCid = push.bindAlias(GeXinBaseInfo.appId, alias, cid);
return bindSCid.getResult();
}
//解绑
public boolean unBind(String alias, String cid){
IAliasResult unBindSCid = push.unBindAlias(GeXinBaseInfo.appId, alias, cid);
return unBindSCid.getResult();
}
//ios推送
public void pushAPN(final APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg alertMsg
, final List<String> deviceTokens, String content){
IGtPush push = new IGtPush(GeXinBaseInfo.host,
GeXinBaseInfo.appkey, GeXinBaseInfo.master);
APNTemplate t = new APNTemplate();
APNPayload apnpayload = new APNPayload();
apnpayload.setSound("");
apnpayload.setAlertMsg(alertMsg);
//传送的附加信息，用于解析
apnpayload.addCustomMsg("info",content);
t.setAPNInfo(apnpayload);
ListMessage message = new ListMessage();
message.setData(t);
IPushResult ret = push.pushAPNMessageToList(GeXinBaseInfo.appId, contentId, deviceTokens);
System.out.println(ret.getResponse());
}
}逻辑设计：
用户登录andorid携带client_id，iOS端携带device_token,检查user_device中是否有记录user_id与 client_id或user_id与device_token的组合，如果没有插入组合，并且绑定这组信息
public UserInfoJson login(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
String password = request.getParameter("passWord");
String clientId = request.getParameter("clientId");
String deviceId = request.getParameter("deviceToken");
LoginUserPojo user = loginUserService.findByUserCode(userName);
if (user == null) {
return new UserInfoJson();
} else {
UserInfoJson userJson = getUserJson(user);
//绑定用户与硬件
if (clientId != null && !clientId.trim().equals("")) {
userJson.setClientId(clientId);
int count = loginUserService.selectDeviceByClientId(user.getUserId(), clientId);
if (count == 0) {
GeXinMPushUtil.getInstance().bind(user.getUserId(), clientId);
loginUserService.insertDeviceByClientId(user.getUserId(), clientId);
}
}
if (deviceId != null && !deviceId.trim().equals("")) {
userJson.setDeviceId(deviceId);
int count = loginUserService.selectDeviceByDeviceId(user.getUserId(), deviceId);
if (count == 0) {
loginUserService.insertDeviceByDeviceId(user.getUserId(), deviceId);
}
}
String encPassword = new SimpleHash("md5", password, new SimpleByteSourceFix(user.getSalt()), 2).toHex();
if (!encPassword.equals(user.getPassword())) {
return new UserInfoJson();
} else {
userJson.setToken(encPassword);
return userJson;
}
}
}注销登录：
public boolean loginOut(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
String userId = request.getParameter("userId");
String clientId = request.getParameter("clientId");
String deviceId = request.getParameter("deviceToken");
boolean result = false;
//取消绑定
if (clientId != null && !clientId.trim().equals(""))
loginUserService.deleteDeviceByClientId(userId, deviceId);
result = GeXinMPushUtil.getInstance().unBind(userId, clientId);
if (deviceId != null) {
try {
loginUserService.deleteDeviceByDeviceId(userId, deviceId);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e){
result = false;
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
在发送通知的方法中，加入推送的代码：
..............前面的代码用户获取NotificationPojo nPojo（通知内容），
List<String> sendUsers(发送的用户ID)
List<String> listAlias = new ArrayList<>();
if (sendUsers != null && !sendUsers.isEmpty()) {
for (LoginUserPojo userPojo : sendUsers) {
// TODO: 16/1/26 getui these users
listAlias.add(userPojo.getUserId());
}
}
List<String> deviceTokens = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> clientIds = new ArrayList<>();
if (listAlias != null && !listAlias.isEmpty() && listAlias.size() != 0) {
deviceTokens = loginUserService.selectDeviceTokens(listAlias);
clientIds = loginUserService.selectClientIds(listAlias);
}
TransimissionContentPojo pojo = new TransimissionContentPojo(TransimissionContentPojo.TYPE_NOTI);
pojo.setContentId(notificationPojo.getNotificationId());
NotificationTemplate template = NotiTemplateFactory.produceNotiFromNoti(notificationPojo);
if (clientIds.size() != 0 && !clientIds.isEmpty())
GeXinMPushUtil.getInstance().push(template, clientIds);
APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg alertMsg = NotiTemplateFactory.getDictionaryAlertMsg(notificationPojo.getTitle()
,notificationPojo);
if (deviceTokens.size() != 0 && !deviceTokens.isEmpty())
GeXinMPushUtil.getInstance().pushAPN(alertMsg, deviceTokens,new Gson().toJson(pojo));
.................这样就可以将推送信息发送出去了selectDeviceTokens(List<String> alias)的mybatis代码如下：
（使用MyBatis的sql如下
<select id="selectDeviceTokens" resultType="java.lang.String">
select device_id
from user_device
where device_id is not null and user_id in
<foreach collection="userIds" item="userId" index="index"
open="(" close=")" separator=",">
#{userId}
</foreach>
</select>）对于附加信息，contentId的发送，app的获取，安卓端的获取凡事：msg.content-------此内容为new Gson().toJson(pojo)的Json字符串，可以解析获取contentId的内容，然后更具contentId获取Notification的详情（发送一次请求，sql查询）
而IOS的处理比较复杂，msg.payload.info-----此内容为new Gson().toJson(pojo)的Json字符串,因为IOS服务端发送的是ListMessage，这是对应msg，listMessage设置了payLoad，payLoad设置了info（apnpayload.addCustomMsg("info",content);），因此提取额外信息是msg.payload.info,info这个字端是在服务器端设置的，当然也可以是其它名称。
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