客戶要求搭建一套測試庫，現在環境是window下oracle RAC，使用能使用導入導出最好，但是目前是歸檔模式，使用導入導出風險太大，使用RMAN備份服務器上沒有足夠的空間。好吧，最好的方法就是RMAN duplicate的方法了。先在單機環境測試一下！
Oracle 11g的RMAN duplicate 可以通過Activedatabase duplicate和Backup-based duplicate兩種方法實現。本案例使用的是Active database duplicate，對於Active databaseduplicate來說，在克隆數據庫時不用對Source備份，這對於大數據特別是T級別的數據庫來說優點非常明顯，複製前不需要進行備份，減少了備份和傳送備份的時間，同時節省備份空間。
本次測試將PROD2數據庫複製到另外一臺服務器上，名稱爲PROD5
查看源庫信息
源庫必須爲歸檔模式，並啓用快速恢復區；確認數據文件和日誌文件路徑！
[oracle@orar2p1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus:Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 5 14:56:01 2017
Copyright (c)1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With thePartitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@PROD2>selectstatus from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
OPEN
SYS@PROD2>selectname from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/example01.dbf
SYS@PROD2>selectmember from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo01.log
SYS@PROD2>showparameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string PROD2
db_unique_name string PROD2
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string PROD2
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
processor_group_name string
service_names string PROD2.us.oracle.com
構建測試庫PROD5：
1）生成測試庫pfile
可以將源庫的pfile拷貝過來，將名稱替換，也可以重新生成pfile，下面是重新生成的！
[oracle@orar2p2dbs]$ cat init.ora | grep -v ^#| grep -v ^$ >initPROD5.ora
[oracle@orar2p2dbs]$ vi initPROD5.ora
db_name='PROD5'
memory_target=1G
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='$ORACLE_BASE/admin/PROD5/adump'
audit_trail='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain='us.oracle.com'
db_recovery_file_dest='$ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='$ORACLE_BASE'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)(SERVICE=PROD5XDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' 此處必須和源庫名稱一樣！
control_files ='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/ora_control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD5/ora_control02.ctl'
compatible='11.2.0'
db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/'
log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD2/onlinelog/','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/PROD5/'（日誌文件的對應關係必須確認好，否則會報錯）
2）創建測試庫相關目錄（根據pfile信息創建相關目錄）
[oracle@orar2p2oradata]$ mkdir PROD5
[oracle@orar2p2oradata]$ cd ../admin
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ mkdir -p PROD5/adump
3）生成口令文件 可以直接將源庫的密碼文件拷貝過來，或者重新生成，但是兩邊的密碼必須一致！
oracle@orar2p2dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwPROD5 password=oracle entries=30
傳輸參數文件scp initPROD2.ora [email protected]:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
傳輸密碼文件scp orapwPROD2 [email protected]:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwPROD5
測試庫啓動到nomout狀態
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=PROD5
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus:Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 5 08:35:48 2017
Copyright (c)1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to anidle instance.
SYS@PROD5>startupnomount
配置監聽
兩端都要配置源庫和目標庫的監聽和tnsname.ora
源庫靜態監聽信息
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD2.us.oracle.com)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD2))
)
源庫tnsnames.ora配置信息
PROD2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orar2p1.example.com)(PORT= 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD2.us.oracle.com)
)
)
PROD5 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orar2p2.example.com)(PORT= 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD5.us.oracle.com)
)
)
目標庫靜態監聽信息
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME =PROD5.us.oracle.com)
(ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME =PROD5)
)
)
目標庫tnsnames.ora配置信息
PROD2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orar2p1.example.com)(PORT= 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD2.us.oracle.com)
)
)
PROD5 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orar2p2.example.com)(PORT= 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD5.us.oracle.com)
)
)
在源庫PROD2啓動rman，複製數據庫
開始數據庫複製
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ rman target sys/oracle@prod2 auxiliary sys/oracle@prod5
RecoveryManager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Sep 5 08:26:17 2017
Copyright (c)1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected totarget database: PROD2 (DBID=1512727797)
connected toauxiliary database: PROD5 (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database to prod5 from active database nofilenamecheck;
duplicate targetdatabase to prod from active database nofilenamecheck;
--如果主備庫文件路徑不變，要加nofilenamecheck（否則會報錯）
驗證克隆
[oracle@orar2p2admin]$ sql
SQL*Plus:Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 5 08:41:35 2017
Copyright (c)1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With thePartitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@PROD5>selectstatus from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
OPEN
SYS@PROD5>selectname from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/example01.dbf
SYS@PROD5>selectmember from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/redo01.log
SYS@PROD5>showparameter control
NAME TYPE VALUE
----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
_optimizer_extended_stats_usage_continteger 192
rol
_optimizer_join_order_control integer 3
control_file_record_keep_time integer 7
control_files string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD5/
ora_control01.ctl,/u01/app/or
acle/fast_recovery_area/PROD5/
ora_control02.ctl
control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING
SYS@PROD5>