Mysql主主同步實現
1，基本的思路是排除數據庫單點故障，保障數據高可用性。
2，前期對於要求不高的話可以用主主同步來實現，後期如果不能滿足要求可以在後面加從數據庫。
3，實驗需要的環境及數據庫的版本如下表格：
序號 | 名稱 | IP地址 | 數據庫版本 | 系統版本 |
1 | MySQL-Master01 | 10.93.58.72 | mysql-5.5.32 | CentOS release 6.9 |
2 | MySQL-Master02 | 10.93.58.73 | mysql-5.5.32 | CentOS release 6.9 |
3 | Test | 10.93.58.70 | 無 | CentOS release 6.9 |
4 | virtual IP | 10.93.58.74 | 無 | 無 |
4，正式安裝數據步驟：
1）我是用了一個腳本來安裝這個Mysql-5.5.32數據庫，腳本如下：
#!/bin/bash #auto_install_mysql #auth by tony date 2018-07-31 yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses ncurses-devel libaio-devel cmake groupadd mysql useradd mysql -s/sbin/nologin -M -g mysql mkdir /application wget http://10.93.58.70/lamp/mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz tar xvf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.32 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \ -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \ -DWITH_DEBUG=0 if [ $? -eq 0 ];then make && make install ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql /bin/cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld chown mysql.mysql /application/mysql chown mysql.mysql /data echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH '>>/etc/profile source /etc/profile mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak cat >/etc/my.cnf <<EOF [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock datadir =/data/mysql user =mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-bin=mysql-bin server-id = 1 auto_increment_offset=1 auto_increment_increment=2 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid replicate-do-db =all EOF /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql /etc/init.d/mysqld start chkconfig mysqld on mysqladmin -uroot password 'hwg123' echo -e "\n\033[32m-----------------------------------------------\033[0m" echo -e "\033[32mThe $M_FILES_DIR Server Install Success !\033[0m" else echo -e "\033[32mThe $M_FILES_DIR Make or Make install ERROR,Please Check......" exit 0 fi "mysqlset.sh" 66L, 2228C written
2）查看my.cnf配置文件
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock datadir =/data/mysql user =mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format = mixed server-id = 1 auto_increment_offset=1 auto_increment_increment=2 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid replicate-do-db =all
3）進入數據庫Master01:
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
輸入密碼：hwg123
4）給數據庫授權：
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'10.93.58.73' identified by "hwg123";
5）查看主庫狀態；mysql> show master status;
6）在mater02上要做如下幾步操作；
7）進入數據庫；輸入密碼hwg123
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
8)根據mysql-bind和post點來授權同步庫和post點位。
mysql> change master to master_host='10.93.58.73',master_user='rep',master_password='hwg123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000014',master_log_pos=263; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
9）開啓slave同步
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
10）查看同步結果如果是兩個YES；證明同步成功：
mysql> show slave status\G;
5，切換到Master02上正式安裝mysql-5.5.32。
1）使用腳本安裝這裏略過
2）查看配置文件，這裏注意標紅的地方：
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock datadir =/data/mysql user =mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format = mixed server-id = 2 auto_increment_offset=2 auto_increment_increment=2 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid replicate-do-db =all
3）進入數據庫:輸入密碼：hwg123
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
4）給數據庫授權：
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'10.93.58.72' identified by "hwg123";
5）查看數據庫狀態：mysql> show master status;
6）切換到master01上授權；
mysql> change master to master_host='10.93.58.73',master_user='rep',master_password='hwg123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006',master_log_pos=263;
7）開啓slave同步
mysql> slave start;
8）查詢同步狀態:mysql> show slave status\G;
7)這樣主主同步就好了
6，安裝keepalived來做高可用。我用的是keepalived-1.2.20.tar.gz
在Master01上操作如下：
yum –y install openssl openssl-devel tar xf keepalived-1.2.20.tar.gz cd keepalived-1.2.20 ./configure --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64 make && make install cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ mkdir /etc/keepalived cd /etc/keepalived/
添加keepalived配置文件
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#####MASTER keepalived配置文件######
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
# VIP1
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0
virtual_router_id 50
priority 50
advert_int 1
nopreempt
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.93.58.74
}
}
virtual_server 10.93.58.74 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 60
protocol TCP
real_server 10.93.58.72 3306 {
weight 1
notify_down /root/mysql.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}[root@Mysql-Master ~]# vim mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash /etc/init.d/keepalived stop
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# chmod +x mysql.sh
在Master02上操作基本和Master01類似，只需要改keepalived.conf,配置如下，注意SLAVE 、priority、IP幾個地方：
#####SLAVE keepalived配置文件#####
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
# VIP1
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state SLAVE
interface eth0
lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0
virtual_router_id 50
priority 30
advert_int 5
# nopreempt
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.93.58.74
}
}
virtual_server 10.93.58.74 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 60
protocol TCP
real_server 10.93.58.73 3306 {
weight 1
notify_down /root/mysql.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}7，最後測試一下，停掉Master01主庫；沒有停主庫前的ip。
停了數據庫後，看看日誌顯示；
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# tail -fn20 /var/log/messages
隨後查看Master02上面的ip看看VIP有沒有漂移過來。
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# ip a
最後可以看出來IP已經漂移過來了，實驗成功了。