類別：原創 服務器
本文參考
第一：說明
目的：本機前提是已安裝好了cacti 0.8.8b 並正常工作，本文檔主要配置cacti插件並啓用郵件短信告警。
其它說明： cacti 0.8.8b的安裝請參考我的其它博客文章《Cacti 0.8.8b 安裝配置（含snmp配置） 》http://jedy82.blog.51cto.com/425872/1569689
本文在此基礎上配置
Cacti服務器ip：192.168.10.112，mssql服務器ip：192.168.1.4
cacti 使用yum方式安裝，默認路徑爲/usr/share/cacti
第二：本例操作環境
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# yum update -y
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# uname -a
Linux i-tcz0hdhc 2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Sep 9 21:36:05 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# more /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]#
第三：必須組件的安裝
1、 說明
由於windows sql server 2005 本身不支持snmp。所以要想使用cacti 監控mssql，我們只能通過php連接mssql 2005，獲取sql 2005的性能計數器的值。
php連接mssql最常用的方法是使用freetds工具。cacti 服務器上必須安裝php-mssql 驅動。
2、 安裝freetds和php-mssql
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# yum install freetds php-mssql -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* epel: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* rpmfusion-free-updates: mirror.bjtu.edu.cn
* rpmfusion-nonfree-updates: mirror.bjtu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.yun-idc.com
Package freetds-0.91-2.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package php-mssql-5.3.3-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]#
freetds安裝完成後 不需要配置，重啓httpd服務後能在phpinfo頁面看到php支持mssql了
3、 測試mssql的連接
注意防火牆的設置
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# vi test_mssql_connect.php
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# more test_mssql_connect.php
<?php
if(mssql_connect('192.168.1.4','sa','test')){
echo "success\n";
}
else {
echo "fail";
}
?>
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# php -q test_mssql_connect.php
success
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]#
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]#
第四：監控腳本配置
Cacti官方模板下載地址：http://docs.cacti.net/templates
Sql server 模板官方安裝文檔：http://docs.cacti.net/usertemplate:host:microsoft:sqlserver
將http://docs.cacti.net/_media/usertemplate:host:microsoft:cacti087e-mssql-host_template.tgz 下載到本地。解壓後得到4個文件夾。
1、 在sql server 上新增監控用戶
將解壓後的sql scripts\sql_server_2005-2008.sql中的內容導入到sql server2005 中。其中的cactistats和CHANGEME分別是新增用戶的用戶名和密碼。可以自行修改。如果此處修改了，下面幾行也要做相應修改。之後的ss_win_mssql.php文件中的相應位置也要修改。
成功執行後在會在sql server 上增加一個名爲：cactistats密碼爲：CHANGEME的用戶。
2、 測試監控用戶連接
新建測試文件
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# vi test_dm_os_performance_counters.php
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# more test_dm_os_performance_counters.php
<?php
try {
$hostname='192.168.1.4'; \\ 數據庫ip地址
$port=1433; \\ 數據庫端口（默認）
$dbname="master"; \\ 數據庫名（默認）
$username="cactistats"; \\ 數據庫用戶名（必須和前面導入的sql文件中的一致）
$pw="CHANGEME"; \\ 數據庫用戶密碼（必須和前面導入的sql文件中的一致）
$dbh= new PDO("dblib:host=$hostname:$port;dbname=$dbname","$username","$pw");
} catch (PDOException $e) {
echo"Failed to get DB handle: ".$e->getMessage() ."n";
exit;
}
echo 'connent MSSQL succeed';
#$stmt=$dbh->prepare("SELECT * FROM sys.dm_os_performance_counters");
$stmt=$dbh->prepare("SELECT COUNT (*) FROM sys.dm_os_performance_counters");
$stmt->execute();
while ($row=$stmt->fetch()) {
print_r($row);
}
unset($dbh); unset($stmt);
?>
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# php test_dm_os_performance_counters.php
connent MSSQL succeedArray
(
[computed] => 644
[0] => 644
)
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]#
3、 添加監控腳本
將解壓後的scripts\ss_win_mssql.php上傳到cacti服務器的cacti目錄下的scripts/下，並賦予權限
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]#
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# cd /usr/share/cacti/scripts/
[root@i-tcz0hdhc scripts]# chmod 755 ss_win_mssql.php
[root@i-tcz0hdhc scripts]#
官方文檔中有如下的一段話：“I use MemCached to speed up the polling process so the code is setup to use it. If you choose not to, comment out (or delete) lines 24-29 and 72-73
You'll need to install the MemCached service as well as the PHP libraries which should be available through PECL”。大致意思就是說，ss_win_mssql.php中默認使用的是memcached來取mssql的數據，如果沒有安裝或是不使用memcached的話。需要將memcached有關的行註釋掉。否則無法取到mssql的數據。
我這裏沒有安裝memcached。所以這相關內容註釋。
[root@i-tcz0hdhc ~]# cd /usr/share/cacti/scripts/
[root@i-tcz0hdhc scripts]# vi ss_win_mssql.php
[root@i-tcz0hdhc scripts]# more ss_win_mssql.php
<?php
/* do NOT run this script through a web browser */
if (!isset($_SERVER["argv"][0]) || isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']) || isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) {
die("<br><strong>This script is only meant to run at the command line.</strong>");
}
/* display No errors */
error_reporting(0);
if (!isset($called_by_script_server)) {
array_shift($_SERVER["argv"]);
print call_user_func_array("ss_win_mssql", $_SERVER["argv"])."\n";
}
function ss_win_mssql ($hostname, $cmd, $username = NULL, $password = NULL) {
list($host, $port) = explode(':', $hostname);
$port = ($port == '' ? '1433' : $port);
$username = ($username == NULL ? 'cactistats' : $username);
$password = ($password == NULL ? 'CHANGEME' : $password);
$ret = '';
// $MCache_Host = 'localhost'; \\ 註釋掉memcached相關內容
// $MCache_Port = '11211'; \\ 註釋掉memcached相關內容
// $cachekey = 'ss_win_mssql:'.$host.'-'.$port; \\ 註釋掉memcached相關內容
// $MemCache = new Memcache; \\ 註釋掉memcached相關內容
// $MemCache->connect($MCache_Host, $MCache_Port); \\ 註釋掉memcached相關內容
// if (! $vals = $MemCache->get($cachekey)){ \\ 註釋掉memcached相關內容
if (! $link = mssql_connect($host.':'.$port, $username, $password) )
return;
list($server_version) = mssql_fetch_row(mssql_query("SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('productversion')"));
$perf_counter_table = (substr($server_version, 0, 1) == "8" ? 'sysperfinfo' : 'sys.dm_os_performance_counters');
$sql = "SELECT [counter_name], [cntr_value] FROM ".$perf_counter_table." ".
"WHERE ([instance_name] = '' OR [instance_name] = '_Total') AND (".
"([object_name] LIKE ('%Plan Cache%') AND [counter_name] IN ".
"('Cache Hit Ratio', 'Cache Hit Ratio Base')) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE ('%Buffer Manager%') AND [counter_name] IN ".
"('Buffer Cache Hit Ratio', 'Buffer Cache Hit Ratio Base', 'Page reads/sec', 'Page writes/sec')) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE ('%General Statistics%') AND [counter_name] IN ".
"('Active Temp Tables', 'User Connections')) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE ('%Databases%') AND [counter_name] IN ".
"('Transactions/sec', 'Log Cache Hit Ratio', 'Log Cache Hit Ratio Base', 'Log Flushes/sec', ".
"'Log Bytes Flushed/sec', 'Backup/Restore Throughput/sec')) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE ('%Access Methods%') AND [counter_name] IN ".
"('Full Scans/sec', 'Range Scans/sec', 'Probe Scans/sec', 'Index Searches/sec', 'Page Splits/sec')) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE ('%Memory Manager%') AND [counter_name] IN ".
"('Target Server Memory (KB)', 'Target Server Memory(KB)', 'Total Server Memory (KB)')) OR".
"([object_name] LIKE ('%SQL Statistics%') AND [counter_name] IN ".
"('SQL Compilations/sec', 'SQL Re-Compilations/sec'))".
")";
$res = mssql_query($sql, $link);
$search = array(' ', '/sec', '(KB)', '/', '-');
while ($row = mssql_fetch_row($res)){
$vals[strtolower(str_replace($search, '', $row[0]))] = (empty($row[1]) ? '0' : $row[1]);
}
$vals['buffercachehitratio'] = $vals['buffercachehitratio'] / $vals['buffercachehitratiobase'] * 100;
$vals['logcachehitratio'] = $vals['logcachehitratio'] / $vals['logcachehitratiobase'] * 100;
$vals['proccachehitratio'] = $vals['cachehitratio'] / $vals['cachehitratiobase'] * 100;
$vals['memoryhitratio'] = $vals['totalservermemory'] / $vals['targetservermemory'] * 100;
unset($vals['buffercachehitratiobase'], $vals['logcachehitratiobase'], $vals['cachehitratiobase'], $vals['cachehitratio']);
// $MemCache->set($cachekey, $vals, FALSE, 15); \\ 註釋掉memcached相關內容
// } \\ 註釋掉memcached相關內容
switch ($cmd){
case "bckrsttroughput":
$ret .= 'bckrsttroughput:'.$vals['backuprestorethroughput'].' ';
break;
case "buffercache":
$ret .= 'buffercachehitratio:'.$vals['buffercachehitratio'].' ';
break;
case "compilations":
$ret .= 'compliations:'.$vals['sqlcompilations'].' ';
$ret .= 'recompliations:'.$vals['sqlrecompilations'].' ';
break;
case "connections":
$ret .= 'userconnections:'.$vals['userconnections'].' ';
break;
case "logcache":
$ret .= 'logcachehitratio:'.$vals['logcachehitratio'].' ';
break;
case "logflushes":
$ret .= 'logflushes:'.$vals['logflushes'].' ';
break;
case "logflushtraffic":
$ret .= 'bytesflushed:'.$vals['logbytesflushed'].' ';
break;
case "memory":
$ret .= 'memoryhitratio:'.$vals['memoryhitratio'].' ';
$ret .= 'totalservermemory:'.$vals['totalservermemory'].' ';
$ret .= 'targetservermemory:'.$vals['targetservermemory'].' ';
break;
case "pageio":
$ret .= 'pagereads:'.$vals['pagereads'].' ';
$ret .= 'pagewrites:'.$vals['pagewrites'].' ';
break;
case "pagesplits":
$ret .= 'pagesplits:'.$vals['pagesplits'].' ';
break;
case "proccache":
$ret .= 'proccachehitratio:'.$vals['proccachehitratio'].' ';
break;
case "scans":
$ret .= 'fullscans:'.$vals['fullscans'].' ';
$ret .= 'rangescans:'.$vals['rangescans'].' ';
$ret .= 'probescans:'.$vals['probescans'].' ';
$ret .= 'indexsearches:'.$vals['indexsearches'].' ';
break;
case "temptables":
$ret .= 'activetemptables:'.$vals['activetemptables'].' ';
break;
case "transactions":
$ret .= 'transactions:'.$vals['transactions'].' ';
break;
# case "":
# $ret .= ':'.$vals[''].' ';
# break;
}
return trim($ret);
}
?>
[root@i-tcz0hdhc scripts]#
4、 測試監控腳本
[root@i-tcz0hdhc scripts]#
[root@i-tcz0hdhc scripts]# /usr/bin/php -q /usr/share/cacti/scripts/ss_win_mssql.php 192.168.1.4 scans cactistats CHANGEME
fullscans:4167 rangescans:611197 probescans:130196372 indexsearches:3420215
[root@i-tcz0hdhc scripts]# /usr/bin/php -q /usr/share/cacti/scripts/ss_win_mssql.php 192.168.1.4 connections
userconnections:5
[root@i-tcz0hdhc scripts]#
第四：cacti配置
1、 導入模板
將解壓後的template\cacti_host_template_windows_-_sql_server.xml導入到cacti中
Console → Import/Export → Import Templates → 選擇文件 → Import
導入後的Host Templates名爲 Windows - SQL Server
導入後graph templates包含：
Windows - SQL Server - Backup/Restore I/O
Windows - SQL Server - Buffer Cache
Windows - SQL Server - Connections
Windows - SQL Server - Log Cache
Windows - SQL Server - Log Flush I/O
Windows - SQL Server - Log Flushes
Windows - SQL Server - Memory
Windows - SQL Server - Page I/O
Windows - SQL Server - Page Splits
Windows - SQL Server - Procedure Cache
Windows - SQL Server - Processes Blocked
Windows - SQL Server - SQL Compilations
Windows - SQL Server - Table Scans
Windows - SQL Server - Temp Tables
Windows - SQL Server - Transactions
2、 新建一個Devices
“Console → Management → Devices → Add”中新建一個Devices。注意“Host Template” 中選擇“Windows - SQL Server” 點“Save”後在頁面上方點 “Create Graphs for this Host”。
在“Graph Templates”中選擇要監控的項，點“Create”後出現“Create Graphs from Data Query ”中要求填寫sql server的端口號、用戶名、密碼。此處如果不填寫，將直接使用前面在ss_win_mssql.php中填寫的端口號、用戶名、密碼。
3、 將新建的Devices加入到Graph Trees中（過程略）5分鐘後，我們能在graphs中看到mssql的監控圖。
這裏要注意一下，雖然mssql 2005 不支持snmp，監控也是使用的php腳本，但是rrdtool畫圖是必須是要snmp的哦，所以在被監控的mssql 2005上的snmp必須要允許cacti服務器，否則就會有數據不出圖哦
至此 cacti成功監控mssql 2005