Nginx的Web緩存服務主要由proxy_cache相關指令集和fastcgi_cache相關指令集構成，前者用於反向代理時，對後端內容源服務器進行緩存，後者主要用於對FastCGI的動態程序進行緩存。兩者的功能基本上一樣。
操作步驟：
軟件下載： pcre ：ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre
ngx_cache_purge ： http://labs.frickle.com/files/ 第三方軟件清楚指定url緩存
nginx：http://nginx.org/
nginx_proxy_cache 服務端軟件安裝：
[root@localhost src]# unzip pcre-8.32.zip
[root@localhost pcre-8.32]# ./configure
configure: error: in `/usr/src/pcre-8.32':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See `config.log' for more details
[root@localhost pcre-8.32]# yum install gcc-c++ -y
[root@localhost pcre-8.32]# make && make install
-bash: make: command not found
[root@localhost pcre-8.32]# yum install make -y
[root@localhost src]# tar -xvf ngx_cache_purge-2.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost nginx-1.3.14]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --add-module=/usr/src/ngx_cache_purge-2.0 --with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module
with nginx by using --with-openssl=<path> option.
[root@localhost nginx-1.3.14]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --add-module=/usr/src/ngx_cache_purge-2.0 --with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.3.14]# make && make install
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@localhost src]# ldd $(which /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx)
linux-gate.so.1 => (0x00319000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x008fa000)
libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00110000)
libpcre.so.1 => not found
libssl.so.10 => /usr/lib/libssl.so.10 (0x00367000)
libcrypto.so.10 => /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.10 (0x0091f000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00e2b000)
libz.so.1 => /lib/libz.so.1 (0x003c4000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00140000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x0048b000)
libfreebl3.so => /lib/libfreebl3.so (0x00af0000)
libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /lib/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0x00ead000)
libkrb5.so.3 => /lib/libkrb5.so.3 (0x004ab000)
libcom_err.so.2 => /lib/libcom_err.so.2 (0x002d6000)
libk5crypto.so.3 => /lib/libk5crypto.so.3 (0x00cfa000)
libresolv.so.2 => /lib/libresolv.so.2 (0x002db000)
libkrb5support.so.0 => /lib/libkrb5support.so.0 (0x00cb0000)
libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib/libkeyutils.so.1 (0x007c7000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib/libselinux.so.1 (0x002f5000)
[root@localhost lib]# find / -name libpcre.so
/usr/src/pcre-8.32/.libs/libpcre.so
/usr/local/lib/libpcre.so
[root@localhost lib]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so /lib/libpcre.so.1
架構圖：
##圖解釋：nginx_proxy_cache主要負責負載均衡和緩存
分別寫出下面的nginx配置文件：（需要注意的是，圖二配置文件紅色部分）
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
charset utf-8;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 300m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#注：proxy_temp_path和proxy_cache_path指定的路徑必須在同一分區
proxy_temp_path /data0/proxy_temp_dir;
#設置Web緩存區名稱爲cache_one，內存緩存空間大小爲200MB，1天沒有被訪問的內容自動清除，硬盤緩存空間大小爲30GB。
proxy_cache_path /data0/proxy_cache_dir levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g;
upstream backend_server {
server 192.168.8.43:80 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.8.44:80 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.8.45:80 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.yourdomain.com 192.168.8.42;
index index.html index.htm;
root /data0/htdocs/www;
location /
{
#如果後端的服務器返回502、504、執行超時等錯誤，自動將請求轉發到upstream負載均衡池中的另一臺服務器，實現故障轉移。
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_cache cache_one;
#對不同的HTTP狀態碼設置不同的緩存時間
proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
#以域名、URI、參數組合成Web緩存的Key值，Nginx根據Key值哈希，存儲緩存內容到二級緩存目錄內
proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://backend_server;
expires 1d;
}
#用於清除緩存，假設一個URL爲http://192.168.8.42/test.txt，通過訪問http://192.168.8.42/purge/test.txt就可以清除該URL的緩存。
location ~ /purge(/.*)
{
#設置只允許指定的IP或IP段纔可以清除URL緩存。
Allow 127.0.0.1;
allow 192.168.0.0/16;
deny all;
proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args;
}
#擴展名以.php、.jsp、.cgi結尾的動態應用程序不緩存。
location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
{
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://backend_server;
}
access_log off;
}
}
後端的的服務器搭建使用使用lnmp一鍵搭建或者手動編譯都行
該文檔中間的配置文件使用的是張宴的配置文檔稍微修改而成
張宴的博客：http://blog.s135.com/nginx_cache/