一）环境拓扑
今天讨论的是mysql集群这一块，资源如下所示：
二）Mysql安装配置
这里不一一赘述，可以选择源代码编译安装，也可以参考我之前的一篇博文“懒人“速成——linux LAMP环境。
三）节点配置
主节点：
1.首先在数据库中建立2个数据库和表：
#service mysqld start #mysql mysql>create database www; mysql>use www; mysql>create table www(id int); mysql>insert into www values(1); mysql> select * from www;
查看数据： 
；
同理创建blog数据库和表：
mysql>create database blog; mysql>use blog; mysql>create table blog(id int); mysql>insert into blog values(1); mysql> select * from blog;
2.修改My.cnf配置文件
vi etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin //日志为2进制，不需要更改
server-id =1 //为1就是Master,不需要更改
binlog-do-db=blog //需要同步的库
binlog-do-db=www //需要同步的库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql,test,information_schema //不需要记录日志的数据库名，多个数据库中间用逗号(,)隔开
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/ //innodb的表空间位置
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:50M:autoextend //表空间的名字，开始50M
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M //为系统内存的50-80%
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
innodb_log_file_size = 64M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid3.重启数据库
[root@Test01 /]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ] Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
4.创建有权限的账号，让Slave数据库访问主数据库
[root@Test01 /]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.1.69-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repl@"192.168.1.26" identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>flush privileges; ;
注意：格式:GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO '帐号'@'从服务器IP或主机名' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';
5.备份Master数据库
mysql> flush tables with read lock; //不要退出这个终端，否则这个锁就不生效了。 同时取得快照，并记录日志和偏移量： mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 196 | blog,www | mysql,test,information_schema | +------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6.开启另一个终端，对主数据库做快照
[root@Test01 mysql]#cd /var/lib/mysql/ [root@Test01 mysql]#tar -zcvf backup.tar.gz www blog
7.库解锁
mysql> unlock tables;
从节点：
1.安装mysql，方法同上，不在赘述。
2.修改My.cnf配置文件
[root@Test02 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock user=mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-bin=mysql-bin server-id = 2 #master-host = 192.168.1.10 #master-user = root #master-password = 584911644 #master-port = 3306 #master-log-pos = 196 #master-log-file = mysql-bin.000001 #master-connect-retry=60 replicate-do-db=www //告诉slave只做www数据库的更新 replicate-do-db=blog //告诉slave只做blog数据库的更新 log-slave-updates [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid "/etc/my.cnf" 23L, 551C
3.把之前主数据库压缩的数据拷贝到对应位置
我这里用的是SecureFX,当然，方法很多，也不细说了，可谓是条条大路通罗马。
4.启动数据库
[root@Test02 mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
5.配置，启动Slave
注意：Slave_IO_Running：是否要从 Master Server 复制 Binary Log 资料，必须为 Yes。Slave_SQL_Running：是否要执行从 Master Server 复制过来的 Binary Log 资料，必须为 Yes。
mysql> slave stop;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.10',master_user='repl',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=196;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> slave start;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.10
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 339
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 394
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: www,blog
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 339
Relay_Log_Space: 550
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)四）后期测试
主节点-数据增加：
mysql> insert into www values(2); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from www; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | +------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
从节点数据同步验证：
mysql> select * from www; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | +------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
主节点-数据删除：
mysql> delete from www where id ='2'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec) mysql> select * from www; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | +------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从节点数据同步验证：
mysql> select * from www; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | +------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
综述：
Test02，从数据库上能做到同步数据库的更新操作，目前是WWW和blog两张表。当然，这里只是抛砖引玉的作用，大家可以举一反三，根据自己实际需求，做出最好的环境搭建和配置。
最近在弄RHCS和keepalived，闲来有空就记录几笔数据库slave配置，方便大家学习和自己的积累。