參考：http://blog.csdn.net/dbaxiaosa/article/details/22421969
master配置：
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
default-time-zone = '+8:00'
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 512M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G
innodb_thread_concurrency = 32
innodb_log_buffer_size = 256M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1121
#binlog-do-db=mysql,maillog,mailmanage
#binlog-ignore-db=syslog,information_schema #忽略同步binlog
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
slave配置：
[mysqld]
datadir=/opt/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=184
replicate-ignore-db=syslog ##忽略master上關於syslog庫的同步
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
default-time-zone = '+8:00'
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 512M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G
innodb_thread_concurrency = 32
innodb_log_buffer_size = 256M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
操作步驟：
1，master鎖表
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK; ### 鎖表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000003
Position: 1068735 ##slave同步時使用
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2，master上mysqldump備份爲sql文件
mysqldump -uroot -p -B maillog（庫名） > /root/maillog.sql
相關參數註釋：
--lock-all-tables，-x
在開始導出之前，提交請求鎖定所有數據庫中的所有表，以保證數據的一致性。這是一個全局讀鎖，並且自動關閉 --single-transaction 和 --lock-tables 選項。
--lock-tables
它和 --lock-all-tables 類似，不過是鎖定當前導出的數據表，而不是一下子鎖定全部庫下的表。本選項只適用於 MyISAM 表，如果是 Innodb 表可以用 --single-transaction 選項。
3，master解鎖
mysql>UNLOCK TABLES;
4，master授權
mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to '賬號'@'ip' identified by '密碼';
5，scp備份的sql文件到slave主機
6，slave導入
]#mysql -uroot -p maillog < /root/maillog.sql
7，slave開啓同步:
mysql>change master to master_host='masterIP',master_user='授權賬號',master_password='授權密碼',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=1068735;
mysql>start slave；
mysql>show slave status\G ##重點查看以下綠色部分，雙Yes
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168....
Master_User: mysync
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 903745163
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000030
Relay_Log_Pos: 903745308
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: syslog
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 903745163
Relay_Log_Space: 903745507
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
說明：
Slave_IO_Running――此進程負責從Slave從Master上讀取binlog日誌，並寫入Slave上的中繼日誌。
Slave_SQL_Running――此進程負責讀取並執行中繼日誌中的binlog日誌。
這兩個進程的狀態需全部爲YES，只要有一個爲NO，則複製就會停止。
當Slave中Relay_Master_Log_File和Master_Log_File相同且Read_Master_Log_Pos和Exec_Master_Log_Pos完全相同時，則表明Slave和Master處於完全同步的狀態。
8，驗證
master創建一個空庫，查看slave能否同步
分別在主從服務器show processlist查看連接，就可以看到授權用戶的連接，可證明覆制已經生效。
9，監控slave同步異常：
[root@localhost ~]# more /usr/local/bin/check_mysql_slave
#!/bin/sh
D=`date +%Y%m%d:%T`
declare -a slave_is
slave_is=($(mysql -uroot -p密碼 -e "show slave status\G"|grep Running|awk '{print $2}'))
if [ "${slave_is[0]}" = "Yes" -a "${slave_is[1]}" = "Yes" ];then
exit 0
else
mysql -uroot -p密碼 -e "stop slave\G"
sleep 2
mysql -uroot -p密碼 -e "start slave\G"
###發送短信郵件告警
echo “Slave has error” |mail -s "Subject" -a 附件 -r "發件人" 收件人,收件人
fi