圖靈獎牛人介紹

圖靈獎牛人介紹

維基的圖靈獎介紹,英文原文鏈接https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_Award

圖靈獎作爲計算機領域的世界頂級大獎,從1966年到2015年共有64位牛人獲得該獎,其中有3位是傑出女性,超值得點贊,她們分別是Frances E. Allen(編譯器優化)、Barbara Liskov(編程語言和分佈式系統)、Shafi Goldwasser(加密算法複雜度理論)。

分佈式相關的獲獎者有2位,分別是Barbara Liskov(ViewStamp Replication和Byzantine Fault Tolerance發明者)和Leslie Lamport(PAXOS, Logic Timeclock, TLA+發明者)。

數據庫相關的獲獎者有4位,分別是Charles W. Bachman(數據庫 Integrated DataStore), Edgar F.Codd(關係型數據庫 OLAP, Relational model, Codd's 12 rules, Boyce–Codd normal form), Jim Gray(OLTP, ACID發明者), Michael Stonebraker(Ingres, Postgres,Vertica, Streambase, Illustra, VoltDB, SciDB發明者)。

獲獎的重點方向在計算機理論和算法,共31人(包括著名的Edsger W. Dijkstra, Donald E. Knuth這些耳熟能詳的大牛,以及傑出的華人計算機科學家Andrew Chi-Chih Yao姚期智),它仍然是計算機領域的皇冠。人工智能領域更是計算機世界的翹楚,從1969年MarvinMinsky開始獲獎一直火到現在,已經有7人在該領域獲獎,並且隨着Alpha Go的橫空出世,該領域還會越來越繁榮。

其他領域還有在硬件系統相關獲獎者9人,操作系統相關2人,網絡相關2人,編程語言7人,他們都是業界關鍵技術的發明人、先行者,通過他們領先的理論爲我們構建了堅實的工程基礎。

向偉大的圖靈和圖靈獎獲得者致敬!

 

如下是每年圖靈獎獲得者以及獲獎者貢獻簡介,供參考:

YEAR

獲獎者Recipients

貢獻Known For

1966

Alan J. Perlis 1922 – 1990

編程技術和編譯器 IT, ALGOL

1967

Maurice Wilkes 1913 –  2010

第一臺計算機EDSAC  EDSAC, Mercury Delay Line Memory,  Microprogramming, Library

1968

Richard Hamming 1915 – 1998

數字方法,編碼系統,錯誤檢測、糾錯碼 Hamming code,  window, numbers, distance

1969

Marvin Minsky 1927 - 2016

人工智能   AI

1970

James H. Wilkinson 1919 - 1986

數字分析 Wilkinson matrix
 Wilkinson's polynomial

1971

John McCarthy 1927 - 2011

人工智能 AI; Lisp; Circumscription;  Situation calculus

1972

Edsger W. Dijkstra 1930 - 2002

算法 Dijkstra's algorithm

1973

Charles W. Bachman 1924 -

數據庫 Integrated Data Store

1974

Donald E. Knuth 1938 -

算法 The Art of Computer Programming

1975

Allen Newell 1927 - 1992

人工智能,人類識別 Information Processing  Language Soar, Logic Theory Machine, General Problem  Solver, Bounded rationality Satisficing

Herbert A. Simon 1916 - 2001

1976

Michael O. Rabinand 1931 -

非確定性狀態機、算法、自動化
 Nondeterministic finite automata
 Randomized algorithms

Dana S. Scott 1932 -

1977

John Backus 1924 - 2007

Fortran編程語言 Speedcoding, FORTRAN, ALGOL, Backus–Naur  form, Function-level programming

1978

Robert W. Floyd 1936 - 2001

算法分析 Floyd–Warshall  algorithm, Floyd–Steinberg dithering, Floyd's  cycle-finding algorithm

1979

Kenneth E. Iverson 1920 - 2004

編程語言 Programming languages: APL, J

1980

Tony Hoare 1934 -

算法, 編程語言

1981

Edgar F. Codd 1923 - 2003

關係型數據庫   OLAP, Relational model
 Codd's 12 rules, Boyce–Codd normal form

1982

Stephen A. Cook 1939 -

NP問題, 計算複雜度 NP-completeness, Propositional  proof complexity, Cook-Levin theorem

1983

Ken Thompson 1943 -

UNIX操作系統 Unix, B, UTF-8, Go

Dennis M. Ritchie 1941 - 2011

UNIX操作系統 ALTRAN, B, C, Unix

1984

Niklaus Wirth 1934 -

編程語言 Algol, Euler, Pascal, Modula,  Oberon

1985

Richard M. Karp 1935 -

網絡算法, NP問題  Edmonds–Karp algorithm,
 Karp's 21 NP-complete problems, Hopcroft–Karp  algorithm, Karp–Lipton theorem, Rabin–Karp string search algorithm

1986

John Hopcroftand 1939 -

算法和數據結構 Algorithms and data structures

Robert Tarjan 1948 -

1987

John Cocke 1925 - 2002

RISC指令集 RISC, CYK algorithm

1988

Ivan Sutherland 1938 -

計算機圖形 Father of computer graphics
 Sketchpad

1989

William Kahan 1933 -

數字分析, 浮點數 IEEE  754, Kahan summation algorithm

1990

Fernando J. Corbató 1926 -

大型分時複用計算機系統 Multics

1991

Robin Milner 1934 - 2010

併發系統 LCF, ML,  CCS

1992

Butler W. Lampson 1943 -

工作站, 網絡, 操作系統 SDS 940, Xerox Alto

1993

Juris Hartmanisand 1928 -

計算複雜度理論

Richard E. Stearns 1936 -

1994

Edward Feigenbaum 1936 -

人工智能、專家系統 Expert system, DENDRAL  project

Raj Reddy 1937 -

1995

Manuel Blum 1938 -

計算複雜度理論 Blum complexity axioms,  speedup theorem, Blum Shub, Blum-Goldwasser cryptosystem

1996

Amir Pnueli 1941 - 2009

計算機理論-時間邏輯  Temporal Logic

1997

Douglas Engelbart 1925 - 2013

鼠標, 超文本, 交互式計算 Computer mouse, Hypertext, Groupware, Interactive computing

1998

Jim Gray 1944 - 2007

數據庫 OLTP, ACID

1999

Frederick P. Brooks 1931 -

大型機, 人月神話  OS/360, The Mythical Man-Month

2000

Andrew Chi-Chih Yao 1946 -

計算機理論 僞隨機數, 加密,  Yao's Principle

2001

Ole-Johan Dahland 1931 - 2002

面向對象編程 Simula Object-oriented  programming

Kristen Nygaard 1926 - 2002

2002

Ronald L. Rivest 1947 -

RSA加密算法

Adi Shamir 1952 -

Leonard M. Adleman 1945 -

2003

Alan Kay 1940 -

視窗,筆記本 Dynabook, Smalltalk, graphical  user interface windows, object-oriented programming

2004

Vinton G. Cerfand 1943 -

網絡 TCP/IP, Internet Society

Robert E. Kahn 1938 -

2005

Peter Naur 1928 - 2016

編程語言 ALGOL

2006

Frances E. Allen 1932 -

編譯器 High-performance computing,  parallel computing, compiler organization, optimization

2007

Edmund M. Clarke 1945 -

建模檢測 Development of Model-Checking

E. Allen Emersonand 1954 -

Joseph Sifakis 1946 -

2008

Barbara Liskov 1939 -

分佈式,編程語言 Venus (operating system), CLU  and Argus, Thor (object-orientated database),
 Liskov substitution principle

2009

Charles P. Thacker 1943 -

個人計算機, PC, 以太網  Alto (computer)

2010

Leslie G. Valiant 1949 -

計算理論 Valiant–Vazirani  theorem, Counting problem (complexity)

2011

Judea Pear 1936 -

人工智能 Artificial Intelligence,  Causality, Bayesian Networks

2012

Silvio Micali 1954 -

加密複雜度理論 Goldwasser–Micali cryptosystem
 Zero-knowledge proof, Pseudorandom Functions
 Peppercoin

Shafi Goldwasser 1958 -

2013

Leslie Lamport 1941 -

PAXOS, TLA, 分佈式 Sequential consistency, Atomic Register Hierarchy,  Lamport's bakery algorithm, Byzantine fault tolerance, Paxos

2014

Michael Stonebraker 1943 -

數據庫 Ingres, Postgres, Vertica,  Streambase, Illustra, VoltDB, SciDB

2015

Martin E. Hellman 1945 -

密碼學 Diffie–Hellman  key exchange

Whitfield Diffie 1944

 


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