圖靈獎牛人介紹
維基的圖靈獎介紹,英文原文鏈接https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_Award
圖靈獎作爲計算機領域的世界頂級大獎,從1966年到2015年共有64位牛人獲得該獎,其中有3位是傑出女性,超值得點贊,她們分別是Frances E. Allen(編譯器優化)、Barbara Liskov(編程語言和分佈式系統)、Shafi Goldwasser(加密算法複雜度理論)。
分佈式相關的獲獎者有2位,分別是Barbara Liskov(ViewStamp Replication和Byzantine Fault Tolerance發明者)和Leslie Lamport(PAXOS, Logic Timeclock, TLA+發明者)。
數據庫相關的獲獎者有4位,分別是Charles W. Bachman(數據庫 Integrated DataStore), Edgar F.Codd(關係型數據庫 OLAP, Relational model, Codd's 12 rules, Boyce–Codd normal form), Jim Gray(OLTP, ACID發明者), Michael Stonebraker(Ingres, Postgres,Vertica, Streambase, Illustra, VoltDB, SciDB發明者)。
獲獎的重點方向在計算機理論和算法,共31人(包括著名的Edsger W. Dijkstra, Donald E. Knuth這些耳熟能詳的大牛,以及傑出的華人計算機科學家Andrew Chi-Chih Yao姚期智),它仍然是計算機領域的皇冠。人工智能領域更是計算機世界的翹楚,從1969年MarvinMinsky開始獲獎一直火到現在,已經有7人在該領域獲獎,並且隨着Alpha Go的橫空出世,該領域還會越來越繁榮。
其他領域還有在硬件系統相關獲獎者9人,操作系統相關2人,網絡相關2人,編程語言7人,他們都是業界關鍵技術的發明人、先行者,通過他們領先的理論爲我們構建了堅實的工程基礎。
向偉大的圖靈和圖靈獎獲得者致敬!
如下是每年圖靈獎獲得者以及獲獎者貢獻簡介,供參考:
年YEAR | 獲獎者Recipients | 貢獻Known For |
1966 | Alan J. Perlis 1922 – 1990 | 編程技術和編譯器 IT, ALGOL |
1967 | Maurice Wilkes 1913 – 2010 | 第一臺計算機EDSAC EDSAC, Mercury Delay Line Memory, Microprogramming, Library |
1968 | Richard Hamming 1915 – 1998 | 數字方法,編碼系統,錯誤檢測、糾錯碼 Hamming code, window, numbers, distance |
1969 | Marvin Minsky 1927 - 2016 | 人工智能 AI |
1970 | James H. Wilkinson 1919 - 1986 | 數字分析 Wilkinson matrix |
1971 | John McCarthy 1927 - 2011 | 人工智能 AI; Lisp; Circumscription; Situation calculus |
1972 | Edsger W. Dijkstra 1930 - 2002 | 算法 Dijkstra's algorithm |
1973 | Charles W. Bachman 1924 - | 數據庫 Integrated Data Store |
1974 | Donald E. Knuth 1938 - | 算法 The Art of Computer Programming |
1975 | Allen Newell 1927 - 1992 | 人工智能,人類識別 Information Processing Language Soar, Logic Theory Machine, General Problem Solver, Bounded rationality Satisficing |
Herbert A. Simon 1916 - 2001 | ||
1976 | Michael O. Rabinand 1931 - | 非確定性狀態機、算法、自動化 |
Dana S. Scott 1932 - | ||
1977 | John Backus 1924 - 2007 | Fortran編程語言 Speedcoding, FORTRAN, ALGOL, Backus–Naur form, Function-level programming |
1978 | Robert W. Floyd 1936 - 2001 | 算法分析 Floyd–Warshall algorithm, Floyd–Steinberg dithering, Floyd's cycle-finding algorithm |
1979 | Kenneth E. Iverson 1920 - 2004 | 編程語言 Programming languages: APL, J |
1980 | Tony Hoare 1934 - | 算法, 編程語言 |
1981 | Edgar F. Codd 1923 - 2003 | 關係型數據庫 OLAP, Relational model |
1982 | Stephen A. Cook 1939 - | NP問題, 計算複雜度 NP-completeness, Propositional proof complexity, Cook-Levin theorem |
1983 | Ken Thompson 1943 - | UNIX操作系統 Unix, B, UTF-8, Go |
Dennis M. Ritchie 1941 - 2011 | UNIX操作系統 ALTRAN, B, C, Unix | |
1984 | Niklaus Wirth 1934 - | 編程語言 Algol, Euler, Pascal, Modula, Oberon |
1985 | Richard M. Karp 1935 - | 網絡算法, NP問題 Edmonds–Karp algorithm, |
1986 | John Hopcroftand 1939 - | 算法和數據結構 Algorithms and data structures |
Robert Tarjan 1948 - | ||
1987 | John Cocke 1925 - 2002 | RISC指令集 RISC, CYK algorithm |
1988 | Ivan Sutherland 1938 - | 計算機圖形 Father of computer graphics |
1989 | William Kahan 1933 - | 數字分析, 浮點數 IEEE 754, Kahan summation algorithm |
1990 | Fernando J. Corbató 1926 - | 大型分時複用計算機系統 Multics |
1991 | Robin Milner 1934 - 2010 | 併發系統 LCF, ML, CCS |
1992 | Butler W. Lampson 1943 - | 工作站, 網絡, 操作系統 SDS 940, Xerox Alto |
1993 | Juris Hartmanisand 1928 - | 計算複雜度理論 |
Richard E. Stearns 1936 - | ||
1994 | Edward Feigenbaum 1936 - | 人工智能、專家系統 Expert system, DENDRAL project |
Raj Reddy 1937 - | ||
1995 | Manuel Blum 1938 - | 計算複雜度理論 Blum complexity axioms, speedup theorem, Blum Shub, Blum-Goldwasser cryptosystem |
1996 | Amir Pnueli 1941 - 2009 | 計算機理論-時間邏輯 Temporal Logic |
1997 | Douglas Engelbart 1925 - 2013 | 鼠標, 超文本, 交互式計算 Computer mouse, Hypertext, Groupware, Interactive computing |
1998 | Jim Gray 1944 - 2007 | 數據庫 OLTP, ACID |
1999 | Frederick P. Brooks 1931 - | 大型機, 人月神話 OS/360, The Mythical Man-Month |
2000 | Andrew Chi-Chih Yao 1946 - | 計算機理論 僞隨機數, 加密, Yao's Principle |
2001 | Ole-Johan Dahland 1931 - 2002 | 面向對象編程 Simula Object-oriented programming |
Kristen Nygaard 1926 - 2002 | ||
2002 | Ronald L. Rivest 1947 - | RSA加密算法 |
Adi Shamir 1952 - | ||
Leonard M. Adleman 1945 - | ||
2003 | Alan Kay 1940 - | 視窗,筆記本 Dynabook, Smalltalk, graphical user interface windows, object-oriented programming |
2004 | Vinton G. Cerfand 1943 - | 網絡 TCP/IP, Internet Society |
Robert E. Kahn 1938 - | ||
2005 | Peter Naur 1928 - 2016 | 編程語言 ALGOL |
2006 | Frances E. Allen 1932 - | 編譯器 High-performance computing, parallel computing, compiler organization, optimization |
2007 | Edmund M. Clarke 1945 - | 建模檢測 Development of Model-Checking |
E. Allen Emersonand 1954 - | ||
Joseph Sifakis 1946 - | ||
2008 | Barbara Liskov 1939 - | 分佈式,編程語言 Venus (operating system), CLU and Argus, Thor (object-orientated database), |
2009 | Charles P. Thacker 1943 - | 個人計算機, PC, 以太網 Alto (computer) |
2010 | Leslie G. Valiant 1949 - | 計算理論 Valiant–Vazirani theorem, Counting problem (complexity) |
2011 | Judea Pear 1936 - | 人工智能 Artificial Intelligence, Causality, Bayesian Networks |
2012 | Silvio Micali 1954 - | 加密複雜度理論 Goldwasser–Micali cryptosystem |
Shafi Goldwasser 1958 - | ||
2013 | Leslie Lamport 1941 - | PAXOS, TLA, 分佈式 Sequential consistency, Atomic Register Hierarchy, Lamport's bakery algorithm, Byzantine fault tolerance, Paxos |
2014 | Michael Stonebraker 1943 - | 數據庫 Ingres, Postgres, Vertica, Streambase, Illustra, VoltDB, SciDB |
2015 | Martin E. Hellman 1945 - | 密碼學 Diffie–Hellman key exchange |
Whitfield Diffie 1944 |