spring和struts1.x的整合有三種方法：本人習慣使用其中的一種，在這裏做一下簡要的介紹，如果對其他整合方法感興趣的話，可以查閱相關資料。
低耦合的Struts集成Spring的實例 （以簡單的學生管理系統爲例）
我們在集成Spring和struts的時候，往往習慣於使用spring提供的ActionSupport,然後使用getWebApplicationContext()方法獲得spring的bean,這樣固然方便，但有一個弊端，就是我們的struts action依賴了spring的api，增加了耦合，現在什麼都流行高內聚，低耦合，spring爲我們提供了代理的Struts action,這樣，我們在struts-config.xml不再爲path設置真正的action,而是設計spring的代理Action,然後由spring的代理action,去尋找在spring bean 容器中的真正的action,這樣，我們的action是一個完全沒有依賴於spring的action ，具體實現請看以下代碼：
public class StudentAction extends DispatchAction {
private StudentDao studentDao;
private GradeDao gradeDao;
public StudentDao getStudentDao() {
return studentDao;
}
public void setStudentDao(StudentDao studentDao) {
this.studentDao = studentDao;
}
public GradeDao getGradeDao() {
return gradeDao;
}
public void setGradeDao(GradeDao gradeDao) {
this.gradeDao = gradeDao;
}
public ActionForward loadadd(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
List<Grade> list = gradeDao.list();
request.setAttribute("list", list);
return mapping.findForward("loadadd");
}
public ActionForward add(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
StudentForm sf = (StudentForm)form;
Student stu = sf.getStu();
String gradeId = request.getParameter("gradeId");
Grade grade = new Grade();
grade.setGradeId(Integer.parseInt(gradeId));
stu.setGrade(grade);
studentDao.add(stu);
return mapping.findForward("add");
}
public ActionForward loadedit(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
String id = request.getParameter("id");
Student stu = studentDao.getStu(Integer.parseInt(id));
request.setAttribute("stu", stu);
List<Grade> list = gradeDao.list();
request.setAttribute("list", list);
return mapping.findForward("loadedit");
}
public ActionForward edit(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
StudentForm sf = (StudentForm)form;
Student stu = sf.getStu();
String gradeId = request.getParameter("gradeId");
Grade grade = new Grade();
grade.setGradeId(Integer.parseInt(gradeId));
stu.setGrade(grade);
studentDao.edit(stu);
return mapping.findForward("edit");
}
public ActionForward delete(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
String id = request.getParameter("id");
studentDao.delete(Integer.parseInt(id));
return mapping.findForward("delete");
}
public ActionForward list(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
List<Student> list = studentDao.list();
request.setAttribute("list", list);
return mapping.findForward("list");
}
public ActionForward search(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
String gradeId= request.getParameter("gradeId");
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("gradeId", gradeId);
List<Student> list = studentDao.search(map);
request.setAttribute("list", list);
return mapping.findForward("search");
}
}
Dao接口的實現類：
public class StudentDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements StudentDao {
public void add(Student stu) {
getHibernateTemplate().save(stu);
}
public void delete(int id) {
getHibernateTemplate().delete(
getHibernateTemplate().get(Student.class, id));
}
public void edit(Student stu) {
getHibernateTemplate().update(stu);
}
public Student getStu(int id) {
return (Student) getHibernateTemplate().get(Student.class, id);
}
public List<Student> list() {
return getHibernateTemplate().loadAll(Student.class);
}
public List<Student> search(Map<String, String> map) {
List<Student> list = null;
String gradeId = map.get("gradeId");
String hql = "from Student where 1=1 ";
if (gradeId != null && !"".equals(gradeId)) {
hql += " and gradeId=" + gradeId;
}
list = getHibernateTemplate().find(hql);
return list;
}
}
現在書寫struts－config.xml文件：
<struts-config>
<data-sources />
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="studentForm" type="com.ssh.form.StudentForm" />
<form-bean name="gradeForm" type="com.ssh.form.GradeForm" />
</form-beans>
<global-exceptions />
<global-forwards />
<action-mappings>
<action path="/student"
type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy"
parameter="cmd"
name="studentForm"
scope="request">
<forward name="loadadd" path="/student_add.jsp" />
<forward name="add" path="/student.do?cmd=list" redirect="true" />
<forward name="loadedit" path="/student_edit.jsp" />
<forward name="edit" path="/student.do?cmd=list" redirect="true" />
<forward name="delete" path="/student.do?cmd=list" redirect="true" />
<forward name="list" path="/student_list.jsp" />
<forward name="search" path="/student_list.jsp" />
</action>
<action path="/grade"
type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy"
parameter="cmd"
name="gradeForm"
scope="request">
<forward name="loadadd" path="/grade_add.jsp" />
<forward name="add" path="/grade.do?cmd=list" redirect="true" />
<forward name="loadedit" path="/grade_edit.jsp" />
<forward name="edit" path="/grade.do?cmd=list" redirect="true" />
<forward name="delete" path="/grade.do?cmd=list" redirect="true" />
<forward name="list" path="/grade_list.jsp" />
<forward name="search" path="/grade_list.jsp" />
</action>
</action-mappings>
<message-resources parameter="ApplicationResources" />
<plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn">
<set-property property="contextConfigLocation" value="classpath:applicationContext-*.xml"/>
</plug-in>
</struts-config>
applicationContext.xml配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<!-- 聲明dao的實現類 -->
<bean id="studentDao" class="com.ssh.dao.impl.StudentDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="gradeDao" class="com.ssh.dao.impl.GradeDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 與struts的整合 -->
<bean name="/student" class="com.ssh.action.StudentAction">
<property name="studentDao" ref="studentDao" />
<property name="gradeDao" ref="gradeDaoProxy" />
</bean>
<bean name="/grade" class="com.ssh.action.GradeAction">
<property name="gradeDao" ref="gradeDao" />
</bean>
</beans>
需要說明的是，由於spring dtd規定id不能有"/",所以我們用name定義path,並且，spring bean的name要和struts-config.xml中的path一致
使用DelegatingActionProxy的好處就在於你可以用不用任何spring特定的類編寫Struts Action,這個方法也有不足之處，就是不太直觀，因爲所有路徑都映射到同一個類了
對於這種情況，spring也有解決方法，就是使用請求委託
首先，爲struts-config.xml增加controller
<!-- 使用請求委託 -->
<controller processorClass="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor">
</controller>
然後，修改我們的path定義位 <action path="/listStudentAction" type="action.ListStudentActionAction"/>
這樣，又和我們單獨使用struts的時候一樣了，但內部還是讓spring取代理我們的真正的action
需要說明的是，這裏的type其實是個擺設，完全可以使用 <action path="/listStudentAction"/>，寫上是爲了解決我們上面提到的“不夠直觀的”的問題