目標:
以源碼編譯的方式安裝一個lamp webserver服務器，有下列php擴展或功能，memcache, xcache, pdo, zip, imagemagick等
軟件環境版本
ubuntu 14.0.4
apache 2.2
mysql 5
php 5
軟件下載地址
/home/eric/下載/software/dev/server/lamp/
安裝目標目錄
/usr/local/
最終安裝後要形成的路徑
apache: /usr/local/apache
mysql: /usr/local/mysql
php: /usr/local/php
下載相關軟件
# cd /home/eric/下載/software/dev/server/lamp
# wget http://apache.freelamp.com/httpd/httpd-2.2.14.tar.gz
# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.cs.pu.edu.tw/
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz/download
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/MCrypt/2.6.8/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz/download
# wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
# wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz/download
# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
# wget ftp://ftp.kddlabs.co.jp/graphics/ImageMagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
# wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-2.3.0.tgz
# wget http://xcache.lighttpd.net/pub/Releases/1.3.0/xcache-1.3.0.tar.gz
0, 先安裝基本支持庫
這個適用於debian/ubuntu, centos用yum安裝，得自己查找相應的包名。也可以一個一個自己下載回來手工編譯，這些庫將在安裝php及其他軟件時被使用到。
# apt-get install libjpeg62 libjpeg62-dev libpng12-0 libpng-12-0-dev libfeetype6 libfreetype6-dev libxml2 libxml2-dev zlib1g zlib1g-dev libcurl3 libcur3-dev libncurses5-dev libperl-dev bison
!! 如果沒裝libperl-dev,在安裝ImageMagick時會遇到麻煩。如果缺少bison，則會一切安裝順利，但當apache load libphp5.so時會報錯#ff0000 symbol: zend_parse_parameters。
1, 安裝mysql
# cd /home/eric/下載/software/dev/server/lamp/
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz
或者使用下面解壓
gunzip < mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
爲運行mysql建個新組和一個新用戶名
# useradd mysql
# cd mysql-5.1.44
下面進行配置，mysql需要libncurses5-dev否則會出現 error: no curses/termcap library，先要確認自己系統裏安裝過libncurses5-dev，如果沒有的話configure時會出錯，我電腦上就沒有，先用apt-get安裝之，centos系統則用yum，包名可以自己查詢一下。參見步驟0 - 安裝基本支持庫
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-local-infile --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-thread-safe-client --with-plugins=innobase
# make
# make install
# cd support-files
# cp my-medium.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf
# cd /usr/local/mysql
#bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
在這裏如果不指定basedir,datadir則會報錯找不到mysqld
調整權限
# chown -R root .
# chown -R mysql lib data etc
# chgrp -R mysql .
啓動mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf &
鏈接上mysql
mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock
停止mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uxxx -pxxx -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
遇到的問題，若不用mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock指定，則mysql客戶端會去讀/etc/mysql/my.cnf配置文件，目前尚不知道該mysql client是在何時安裝的。而且位於新力得包管理器裏，可能是在安裝mysql workbench時由於依賴關係被安裝上去的。
2, 安裝apache
# cd /home/eric/下載/software/dev/server/lamp/
# tar zxvf httpd-2.2.14.tar.gz
# cd lamp/httpd-2.2.14
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=all
# make
# make install
# cd /usr/local/apache
修改apache配置文件
# vi conf/httpd.conf
搜索LoadModule,在下面加上
LoadMOdule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so
LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so
LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so
LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so
LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so
LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
將
<Directory />
</Directory>
和
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs">
</Directory>
倆節相應的部分改爲 (如有必要，比如不使用虛擬主機來跑網站，要設置虛擬主機可以修改/etc/hosts來增加一點虛擬的域名)
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
Shift + G 轉到配置文件末尾
取消掉對Virtual hosts和various default settings倆項include的註釋
啓動apache
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start
關閉apache
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k stop
重啓apache
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k restart
3, 安裝php和一些擴展
3.1 安裝編譯php5.3所需的基本支持庫
# cd /home/eric/下載/software/dev/server/lamp/
# tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
# cd libiconv-1.13.1
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make
# make install
# cd ..
# tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# /sbin/ldconfig
# cd libltdl
# ./configure --enable-ltdl-install
# make
# make install
# cd ../..
# tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
# cd mhash-0.9.9.9
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# cd ..
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
# tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
# cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
# /sbin/ldconfig
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# cd ../
沒有先安裝libperl-dev的話，這裏make install會遇到麻煩，而在centos服務器上似乎無此問題
# tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
# cd ImageMagick-6.6.0-0
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# cd ..
3.2 安裝php
# tar zxvf php-5.3.1.tar.gz
# cd php-5.3.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
# make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
# make install
# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
# cd ..
3.3 安裝php擴展模塊
# tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
# cd memcache-2.2.5/
# /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
# make
# make install
# cd ../
# tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
# cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
# make
# make install
# cd ../
tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz
cd imagick-2.3.0/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../
安裝xcache
# tar zxvf xcache-1.3.0.tar.gz
# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
# ./configure --enable-xcache --enable-xcache-coverager --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
# make
# make install
# cat xcache.ini >> /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
開始修改php.ini，要確保 xcache.so 加載位置在任何其他的zend_extension=***語句之前。
查找 extension_dir
將它修改爲
extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/"
並在此行下面添加一下幾行
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
extension = "imagick.so"
將[xcache-common]節裏的
zend_extension = /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/non-debug-non-zts-xxx/xcache.so 註釋掉
在其下面添加一行
zend_extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/xcache.so
4, 整合apache與php
# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
找到
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
將其改爲
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
</IfModule>
找到 Addtype application/x-gzip .tgz
在它下面添加一行
Addtype application/x-httpd-php .php
5, 創建一個測試用虛擬主機
# vi /etc/hosts
添加倆行
127.0.0.1 test.local
127.0.0.1 www.test.local
下面爲apache添加一個虛擬主機
# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/
# vi httpd-vhosts.conf
將配置文件中原先倆個用來演示的配置註釋掉，添加如下指令
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "/home/eric/projects/php/testing"
ServerName www.test.local
ErrorLog "logs/testing-error_log"
CustomLog "logs/testing-access_log" common
<Directory "/home/eric/projects/php/testing">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
保存並關閉
6, 啓動apache mysql
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf &
# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start
轉到 /home/eric/projects/php/testing
創建一個新文件 test.php
輸入
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
在瀏覽器輸入 http://www.test.local/test.php
呈現出phpinfo頁面，可以看到curl, gd, iconv, imagick, mbstring, memcache, mcrypt, mysql, mysqli, pdo mysql, xcache, zip等擴展和支持都已經完成了。
可以嘗試用php鏈接下mysql試試，將test.php修改爲
<?php
//phpinfo();
$handle = mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "") or die("unable connect to mysql");
if ($handle) {
mysql_select_db("test", $handle) or die("can't select db");
}
echo "connected to mysql <Br />";
$sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `user` (`username` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `password` varchar(32) NOT NULL) ENGINE=MYISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8";
mysql_query($sql, $handle) or die("can't query database");
echo "data table created";
echo mysql_info();
?>
保存刷新test.php，可以看到輸出:
connected to mysql
data table created
到這裏爲止一個適用於開發環境的lamp算是配置成功了。