RPM是RedHat Package Manager（RedHat軟件包管理工具）的縮寫,是一種用於互聯網下載包的打包及安裝工具，它包含在某些Linux分發版中。它生成具有.RPM擴展名的文件。使用rpm安裝軟件和管理軟件非常的方便。
1.安裝rpm-build
[root@YunWei-136 ~]# yum -y install rpm-build redhat-rpm-config
2.建立目錄結構
[root@YunWei-136 ~]# mkdir -p ~/rpmbuild/{BUILD,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}
[root@YunWei-136 ~]# tree -n ~/rpmbuild/
/root/rpmbuild/
├── BUILD 存放源代碼
├── RPMS 存放用於管理rpm製作進程的spec文件
├── SOURCES 解壓後的文件存放在這裏
├── SPECS 存放由rpmbuild製作好的二進制包
└── SRPMS 存放由rpmbuild製作好的源碼包
5 directories, 0 files3.下載源碼包
[root@YunWei-136 ~]# wget -P ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES/ http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz
4.製作.spec文件
[root@YunWei-136 ~]# cd ~/rpmbuild/SPECS
[root@YunWei-136 SPECS]# vim nginx.spec
Name: nginx
Version: 1.4.7
Release: 1%{?dist}
Summary: nginx rmp package production
Group: Applications/Archiving
License: GPLv2
URL: http://www.nginx.org
Source: http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz
BuildRoot: %(mktemp -ud %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}-XXXXXX)
BuildRequires: gcc
Requires: openssl,openssl-devel,pcre-devel,pcre
%description
Custom nginx rpm package
%prep
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_DIR/nginx-1.4.7
tar fx $RPM_SOURCE_DIR/nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz
%build
cd nginx-1.4.7
./configure \
--prefix=/home/application/nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module
make %{?_smp_mflags}
%install
rm -rf %{buildroot}
cd nginx-1.4.7
make install DESTDIR=%{buildroot}
%clean
rm -rf %{buildroot}
%files
%defattr(-,root,root,-)
/home/application/nginx5.spec文件解釋
#:以#開頭是註釋，rpm會忽略它。 Summary： 簡單描述軟件。 Name ： 定義rpm的名稱。 Version: 定義軟件版本 Release: 發行版本 License: 定義許可證 Group: 軟件分類 Source: 源碼下載地址 URL: 源碼相關網站 Distribution: 發行版系列 Packager: 打包人的信息 %description:軟件詳細描述，可多行 %prep ：軟件編譯之前的處理，如解壓。 %build ：開始編譯軟件，如make %install :開始安裝軟件，如make install %files :指定哪些文件需要被打包，如/usr/local/nginx %preun :定義卸載之前的動作，如殺掉進程。 這裏只介紹了幾個常用的tag，更詳細的請參考：http://www.rpm.org/max-rpm/ch-rpm-inside.html
6.開始RPM製作
[root@YunWei-136 SPECS]# rpmbuild -bb nginx.spec
6.測試RPM包
[root@YunWei-136 SPECS]# yum -y install /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Install Process Examining /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64 Marking /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.btte.net * epel: ftp.riken.jp * extras: mirrors.btte.net * updates: mirrors.btte.net Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package nginx.x86_64 0:1.4.7-1.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: nginx x86_64 1.4.7-1.el6 /nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64 732 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Total size: 732 k Installed size: 732 k Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64 1/1 Installed: nginx.x86_64 0:1.4.7-1.el6 Complete!
至此，nginx的RPM包製作完成，併成功安裝......大家可以舉一反三製作其他軟件的RPM包。