第六週作業內容:
1、複製/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit文件至/tmp目錄，將/tmp/rc.sysinit文件中的以至少一個空白字符開頭的行的行首加#；
# cp /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit /tmp # vim /tmp/rc.sysinit vim末行模式，輸入 :%s/^[[:space:]]/#&/g
2、複製/boot/grub/grub.conf至/tmp目錄中，刪除/tmp/grub.conf文件中的行首的空白字符；
# cp /boot/grub/grub.conf /tmp # sed 's@^[[:space:]]\+@@' /etc/grub.conf
# grub.conf generated by anaconda # # Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file # NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that # all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg. # root (hd0,0) # kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_mycentosl68-lv_root # initrd /initrd-[generic-]version.img #boot=/dev/sda default=0 timeout=5 splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz hiddenmenu title CentOS 6 (2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_mycentosl68-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS rd_LVM_LV=vg_mycentosl68/lv_swap crashkernel=auto rd_NO_MD rd_LVM_LV=vg_mycentosl68/lv_root LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64.img
3、刪除/tmp/rc.sysinit文件中的以#開頭，且後面跟了至少一個空白字符的行行的#和空白字符
# sed 's/^#[[:space:]]\+//' /tmp/rc.sysinit
4、爲/tmp/grub.conf文件中前三行的行首加#號；
# vim /tmp/grub.conf vim末行模式，輸入 :1,+2s/^/#&/g
# sed -e "1,3s/^/#/" grub.conf
## grub.conf generated by anaconda ## ## Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file # NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that
5、將/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo文件中所有的enabled=0或gpgcheck=0的最後的0修改爲1；
# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo 末行模式，輸入 :/enabled=0/s/0/1/g :/gpgcheck=0/s/0/1/g
6、每4小時執行一次對/etc目錄的備份，備份至/backup目錄中，保存的目錄名爲形如etc-201608300202
# crontab -e 0 */4 * * * /bin/cp -r /etc /backup/etc-'date +%Y%m%d%H%M'/
7、每週2，4，6備份/var/log/messages文件至/backup/messages_logs/目錄中，保存的文件名形如messages-20160830
# crontab -e 0 0 * * 2,4,6 /bin/cp /var/log/messages /backup/messages_logs/messages-$(date '+%Y%m%d')
8、每天每兩小時取當前系統/proc/meminfo文件中的所有以S開頭的信息至/stats/memory.txt文件中
# mkdir /stats && touch /stats/memory.txt # crontab -e 0 */2 * * * /bin/grep '^S'/proc/meminfo >> /stats/memory.txt
9、工作日的工作時間內，每兩小時執行一次echo "howdy"
# crontab -e 0 9-18/2 * * 1-5 /bin/echo "howdy"
腳本編程練習
10、創建目錄/tmp/testdir-當前日期時間;
# vim /temp/testmkdir.sh
#!/bin/bash # tt=`date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M'` && mkdir "/tmp/testdir-$tt" && ls -d /tmp/testdir*
# bash /temp/testmkdir.sh /tmp/testdir-2016-09-02_19:38:29
11、在此目錄創建100個空文件：file1-file100
# vim /tmp/test11.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
for n in {1..100};do
[ -d "/tmp/file$n" ] &> /dev/null || mkdir "/tmp/file$n"
done# bash /tmp/test11.sh # ls -d /tmp/file* /tmp/file1 /tmp/file18 /tmp/file27 /tmp/file36 /tmp/file45 /tmp/file54 /tmp/file63 /tmp/file72 /tmp/file81 /tmp/file90 /tmp/file10 /tmp/file19 /tmp/file28 /tmp/file37 /tmp/file46 /tmp/file55 /tmp/file64 /tmp/file73 /tmp/file82 /tmp/file91 /tmp/file100 /tmp/file2 /tmp/file29 /tmp/file38 /tmp/file47 /tmp/file56 /tmp/file65 /tmp/file74 /tmp/file83 /tmp/file92 /tmp/file11 /tmp/file20 /tmp/file3 /tmp/file39 /tmp/file48 /tmp/file57 /tmp/file66 /tmp/file75 /tmp/file84 /tmp/file93 /tmp/file12 /tmp/file21 /tmp/file30 /tmp/file4 /tmp/file49 /tmp/file58 /tmp/file67 /tmp/file76 /tmp/file85 /tmp/file94 /tmp/file13 /tmp/file22 /tmp/file31 /tmp/file40 /tmp/file5 /tmp/file59 /tmp/file68 /tmp/file77 /tmp/file86 /tmp/file95 /tmp/file14 /tmp/file23 /tmp/file32 /tmp/file41 /tmp/file50 /tmp/file6 /tmp/file69 /tmp/file78 /tmp/file87 /tmp/file96 /tmp/file15 /tmp/file24 /tmp/file33 /tmp/file42 /tmp/file51 /tmp/file60 /tmp/file7 /tmp/file79 /tmp/file88 /tmp/file97 /tmp/file16 /tmp/file25 /tmp/file34 /tmp/file43 /tmp/file52 /tmp/file61 /tmp/file70 /tmp/file8 /tmp/file89 /tmp/file98 /tmp/file17 /tmp/file26 /tmp/file35 /tmp/file44 /tmp/file53 /tmp/file62 /tmp/file71 /tmp/file80 /tmp/file9 /tmp/file99
12、顯示/etc/passw d文件中位於第偶數行的用戶的用戶名；
# vim /tmp/test12.sh
#!/bin/bash # sed -n 'p;n' /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1
# bash !$ root daemon lp shutdown mail operator gopher nobody usbmuxd rtkit vcsa rpcuser haldaemon apache postfix sshd admin slackware hadoop abc asdd gentoo testbash nologin user1 user98 user11 user13 user15 user17 user19
13、創建10用戶user10-user19；密碼同用戶名；
# vim /tmp/test13.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
for x in {10..19};do
if ! id user$x &> /dev/null;then
useradd user$x
fi
echo "user$x" | passwd --stdin user$x &> /dev/null
done# bash /tmp/test13.sh # grep "^user1[0-9]" /etc/passwd user1:x:3016:3018::/home/user1:/bin/bash user90:x:3017:3030::/home/user90:/bin/bash user98:x:3018:3031::/home/user98:/bin/bash user10:x:3019:3020::/home/user10:/bin/bash user11:x:3020:3021::/home/user11:/bin/bash user12:x:3021:3022::/home/user12:/bin/bash user13:x:3022:3032::/home/user13:/bin/bash user14:x:3023:3023::/home/user14:/bin/bash user15:x:3024:3024::/home/user15:/bin/bash user16:x:3025:3025::/home/user16:/bin/bash user17:x:3026:3026::/home/user17:/bin/bash user18:x:3027:3027::/home/user18:/bin/bash user19:x:3028:3028::/home/user19:/bin/bash # grep "^user1[0-9]" /etc/shadow |cut -d: -f1,2 user10:$6$pTZJNXMe$K8/wlDIBuHlXDmMZV89FWCNXCb3lpgbDqNYeZ19xReO3MwVaCxVEUCsojbSEzOqpbkTh1wUZQ39Yy$ user11:$6$t/gEqH.L$4g2MczV22cWfVD03z7rV7g8dmk/u8DKODAU5XmOVYwDMGFypo3zN8xHzJjcaE0oxdCayi/9EKikgF$ user12:$6$apvOHbyV$7qWYd7R.KJ4zRyNUEjcLFzrECKsdEiWVP1PaqzdBkoMdPQiwoT2u1mRq8KPYIN4xDvDTpJiz/Efyl$ user13:$6$kv8uPAa9$DGvK5hhp4xVr.nPVTI1mAMzYRvoEwxXef1HLaStQnshq9x3jUrBJTgLLTbOCjy2Zxa43XxgpWebwc$ user14:$6$1R4cY8Be$mKfSf3aFBHIh2W4JgzjT5Iio2Ge2Y00fv5/oEkx/6QwO/P95fhKP70RxRiQil9/bKCSI1gH7YooCX$ user15:$6$B0uStd5w$Br4EjVrpLImx.Emv4Y8IH.vg.uf9.t4tzNaiQJYoHSQJvSaFpZ/ygncON4qXK8U2wp/rhElnlh8j5$ user16:$6$WF3ODFsZ$rk6.dR79P/wCPwq45k1C.m5WJrSosrcytL50eh.1uCXl..joir/zVwY5BkyeV6Iujonhw7LW0Oh34$ user17:$6$QMSzh8Wr$qLTNqaK/viIytlZ6OgdhFgdYzVkZCHgcviFwt8w6ILnCNchwgqEO8G/lj.P462yfGCVnU2OxcBXjy$ user18:$6$qgjPui4i$1qrveMxEBo3oLXWGWuWSnUUMp0S0IVGdDWwsXWUdI9lvnGvyD6vKXa9051qXyuE0CaRcUtSnhbVsp$ user19:$6$EhlB9BFU$BpOUPP8ghCsP.i8nLhSQEPzTxtgE2p/s9FgpeplS6G9myVjbJhpdWHcCPJTvr63iQkZo10l5lYEpi$
14、在/tmp/創建10個空文件file10-file19;
# vim /tmp/test14.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
for createfile in {10..19};do
if [ ! -e "/tmp/file$createfile" ];then
touch "/tmp/file$createfile"
fi
done
ls -l /tmp/file1[0-9]# bash /tmp/test14.sh -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file10 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file11 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file12 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file13 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file14 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file15 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file16 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file17 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file18 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file19
15、把file10的屬主和屬組改爲user10，依次類推。
# vim /tmp/test15.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
for i in {10..19};do
if ! grep "^user$i" /etc/group >& /dev/null;then
groupadd "user$i"
fi
if ! id "user$i" &> /dev/null;then
useradd -g user$i user$i
fi
chown user$i:user$i "/tmp/file$i"
done[root@myCentOSl68 ~]# bash /tmp/test15.sh | ls -l /tmp/file1[0-9] -rw-r--r--. 1 user10 user10 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file10 -rw-r--r--. 1 user11 user11 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file11 -rw-r--r--. 1 user12 user12 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file12 -rw-r--r--. 1 user13 user13 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file13 -rw-r--r--. 1 user14 user14 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file14 -rw-r--r--. 1 user15 user15 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file15 -rw-r--r--. 1 user16 user16 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file16 -rw-r--r--. 1 user17 user17 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file17 -rw-r--r--. 1 user18 user18 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file18 -rw-r--r--. 1 user19 user19 0 9月 2 16:58 /tmp/file19