先言：人們對於安裝操作系統往往的理解是在電腦光驅裏安一張光驅 然後狂按下一步 直到提示電腦重啓安裝完成，或是通過高級一點的U盤安裝，但是有沒有想過在一個教室 或者是當一個公司開業購買電腦，光驅安裝和U盤這種普通的安裝方式已經不再適合，管理員們耗不起這時間，這時就需要一種批量安裝操作系統的方式來解放管理員的時間，批量部署操作系統的好處在於省時省力，可以多臺機器同時安裝操作系統
環境：RHEL5.5 vmware9.0
安裝前準備：關閉SElinux 配置IP地址 配置yum源
實驗注意事項：網卡必須支持PXE啓動（vmware默認支持）服務器能上網 從網上下載cobbler等軟件
實驗拓撲圖：
IP地址配置
在這裏我用了兩塊網卡 eth0用於從網上下載安裝軟件爲NAT模式
eth1用於部署操作系統 爲單獨的局域網VMnet2
1 #wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
#rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
///////#64位：
///#wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
/////#rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
2 yum install cobbler httpd rsync tftp-server xinetd dhcp
手動開啓wsgi模塊
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi.conf
#LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so 前面#去掉即可
service cobblerd restart
service httpd restart
cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=RedHat-5-i386
cobbler list
4 xinet.d配置文件修改
#vi /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
disable = yes 改成no
#vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
disable = yes 改成no
vi /etc/cobbler/settings
next_server: '127.0.0.1' //改成本機IP：192.168.1.1
server: '127.0.0.1' //改成本機IP：192.168.1.1
manage_dhcp: 0 // 改成1 //開啓管理DHCP服務
5 dhcp的配置
#vi /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
ddns-update-style interim;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
ignore client-updates;
set vendorclass = option vendor-class-identifier;
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
#option routers 192.168.1.1;
#option domain-name-server 192.168.0.100;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.200;
filename "/pxelinux.0";
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
next-server $next_server;
6 編輯ks文件 模板文件位置位於/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/目錄下
vi /etc/cobbler/default.ks
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --enablemd5
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Use text mode install
text
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# Use network installation
url --url=$tree
# If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here.
$yum_repo_stanza
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on
# Reboot after installation
reboot
#Root password
rootpw 123456
# SELinux configuration
selinux –disabled
#disabled serverces
services --disabled acpid,anacron,apmd,atd,auditd,autofs,avahi-daemon,bluetooth,cups,firstboot,hidd,ip6tables,lvm2-monitor,mcstrans,mdmonitor,microcode_ctl,netfs,nfslock,pcscd,portmap,rawdevices,readahead_early,restorecond,rpcgssd,rpcidmapd,sendmail,setroubleshoot,xfs,xinetd,yum-updatesd
#enabled services
services --enabled cpuspeed,crond,gpm,haldaemon,irqbalance,kudzu,messagebus,network,smartd,sshd,syslog
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
# System timezone
timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Magically figure out how to partition this thing
%include /tmp/partinfo
%pre
# Determine how many drives we have
set \$(list-harddrives)
#let numd=\$#/2
#d1=\$1
#d2=\$3
cat << EOF >> /tmp/partinfo
clearpart --all --drives=sda --initlabel
part / --fstype ext3 --size=20000
part /usr/local --fstype ext3 --size=50000
part swap --size=1024
part /home --fstype ext3 --size=1000 --grow
#EOF
##
%packages
@admin-tools
@base
@development-libs
@development-tools
@editors
@emacs
@system-tools
%post
$yum_config_stanza
$kickstart_done
6 同步cobbler配置使之生效
service cobblerd restart
service httpd restart
service xinetd restart
cobbler sync
service dhcpd restart
7 至此服務器的配置工作完成 客戶端開機
開機選擇第二項
到這一步就是選擇紅帽的key了 由於在ks文件裏面沒有設置好需要選擇跳過才能一路安裝
可以看到安裝進度 OK 實驗成功!