功能描述：
我們都知道linux不同於windows的一點是Windows有回收站機制，這樣如果我們想將之前刪掉的一個文件還原直接到回收站裏就可以實現，這給了我們一次反悔的機會。所以我考慮在我的linux上也加入這個功能，來防止“rm -rf”造成的誤刪除導致數據丟失。
我現在通過腳本來實現這個回收站機制。rm腳本實現的是刪除，替換了原系統中的rm，將刪除的文件都回收到了用戶家目錄下的一個叫./recycle的目錄裏了，到時只要在這個目錄裏找回就可以啦，注意rm刪除的東西都被真的刪除，就有個問題啦：回收站的東西無法刪除，解決這個問題就要有另一個腳本啦，清空回收站的腳本，用recycle來實現。
1.rm刪除文件和文件夾，用法與自帶rm命令相似 2.recycle顯示回收站裏面的內容：可以按名字排序，也可以按刪除時間排序。 recycle -d可以進入整理回收站的模式： 用法舉例如下 recycle -d -empty清空回收站 recycle -d -t 3清空3天前的文件 recycle -d -s 5清空超過5M的文件 recycle -d -t 3 -s 5清空3天前且大小超過5M的文件 $ rm --help Usage: rm [-r] [-f] [file]... del file and move it the recycle 與系統自帶的rm命令參數一致 複製代碼 $ recycle --help recycle version 1.0 Usage: recycle [-l] [-n] [-r] recycle -d -empty recycle -d [-f] [-t <time>] [-s <size>] manipulate the recycle Options: l - list the deleted file with long format n - sort the deleted file by name r - list the deleted whth reverse order d - delete file mode empty - empty the recycle h - Help t <time> - delete the file `time' days ago s <size> - delete file which size greater the `size' megabyte 複製代碼
如果要定期清空回收站的話，就添加一個計劃任務。
環境描述：
現在我有不止一臺的linux系統，如果一臺一臺的scp腳本會很麻煩，我選擇使用salt來進行推送腳本，及設置計劃任務來清空回收站。每臺linux機器上基本都有root和dev兩個用戶，salt設置的只能root用戶來使用，這樣就沒辦法通過salt推送recycle命令來清空dev用戶的回收站了，我在這兒採取的一個方法是：mv /home/dev/.recycle/* /root/.recycle/下做一下中轉就可以通過salt來清空dev的回收站了。還有個問題如果服務器的硬盤比較小，如果某次刪除的東西特別大，就會硬盤報警，我們可以寫個腳本並設置計劃任務來判斷它的使用空間大於多少時就會清空回收站，配合定期清空回收站來使用，這個腳本叫recycle.sh。
推送腳本並賦予執行權限：
salt '*' cp.get_file salt://files/rm /usr/local/bin/rm salt '*' cp.get_file salt://files/recycle /usr/local/bin/recycle salt '*' cp.get_file salt://files/recycle.sh /usr/local/bin/recycle.sh salt '*' cmd.run 'chmod +x /usr/local/bin/rm' salt '*' cmd.run 'chmod +x /usr/local/bin/recycle' salt '*' cmd.run 'chmod +x /usr/local/bin/recycle.sh'
在salt服務器上設置計劃任務：
crontab -l * 5 */3 * * /usr/bin/salt '*' cmd.run '/usr/local/bin/recycle -d -empty' &> /dev/null * 1 */3 * * /usr/bin/salt '*' cmd.run '/bin/mv /home/dev/.recycle/* /root/.recycle/' &> /dev/null * */1 * * * /usr/bin/salt '*' cmd.run '/usr/local/bin/recycle.sh' &> /dev/null
rm腳本：
#
#
# =============================================
# Version : 1.1
# Date : 20090506
# Author : devinwang
# Changes : what is new
[ -d ~/.recycle ] || mkdir ~/.recycle
RECYCLE_DIR=~/.recycle
VERSION=1.0
function echo.log {
local line_no=${BASH_LINENO[0]}
local file_name=$0
echo "${file_name}:${line_no}:$@"
}
echo.ok() {
if [[ $1 == "-n" ]]; then
shift
echo -n -e"\\033[1;32m$@\e[0m"
else
echo -e"\\033[1;32m$@\e[0m"
fi
}
echo.err() {
if [[ $1 == "-n" ]]; then
shift
echo -n -e"\\033[1;31m$@\e[0m"
else
echo -e"\\033[1;31m$@\e[0m"
fi
}
function yesOrNo {
local answer=""
local ret=0
local message="$@, (Y)es/(N)o? [n] "
: ${REDIRECT:=/dev/tty}
while true ; do
read -p"${message}" answer < $REDIRECT > $REDIRECT 2>&1
case"$answer" in
[yY]) ret=0; break ;;
[nN]|"") ret=1; break ;;
*) echo; continue
esac
done
return $ret
}
mvToRecycle() {
### file OR dir not exist
if [[ ! -a "$1" ]]; then
echo.err rm: cannotremove \`$1\': No such file or directory
return 1
fi
if [[ -d "$1" ]]; then
t="directory"
st="d"
else
t="file"
st="f"
fi
### dir
if [[ -d "$1" &&"$option" != *r* ]]; then
echo.err rm: cannotremove \`$1\'\: Is a directory
return 1
fi
### prompt
if [[ $option != *f* ]]; then
### if type no, return
yesOrNo "remove $t\`$1'" \
|| return 0
fi
### remove dir
mv -- "$1""${RECYCLE_DIR}/${DATE}_${st}_${1}" \
&& echo.ok removed $t \`$1\`;
echo ------------------------------;
echo "
如需要恢復請到~/.recycle目錄裏找回。"
}
print_help()
{
cat <<-EOF
${0##*/} version $VERSION
Usage: ${0##*/} [-r] [-f] [file]...
del file and move it the recycle
EOF
# Handle unclosed quote for syntax highlighting '
}
### read option
option=""
while (( $# >= 1 )); do
case "$1" in
-h|--help) print_help; exit 0;;
--) shift; break;; #遇到`--'，則option結束
-*) option="${option}$1"; shift;;
*) break;;
esac
done
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
while (( $# >= 1 )); do
#echo.log "$1"
mvToRecycle "$1"
shift
donerecycle腳本：
#! /bin/bash
# Copyright 2009 (c), devinwang
# All rights reserved.
#
# Filename : recycle
# Author : devinwang
# Date : 20090506
# Version : 1.0 (init)
# Usage :
# Description: configuration file template
#
#
# =============================================
# Version : 1.1
# Date : 20090506
# Author : devinwang
# Changes : what is new
[ -d ~/.recycle ] || mkdir ~/.recycle
RECYCLE_DIR=~/.recycle
VERSION=1.0
### ^^^
必須進入回收站所在的目錄
[[ -d ${RECYCLE_DIR} ]] || { echo err: \`${RECYCLE_DIR}\' is not dir; exit 22;}
cd $RECYCLE_DIR
if (( $? != 0 )); then
echo -e "\\033[1;31mcannot change to dir$RECYCLE_DIR\\033[0m"
exit 1
fi
[[ "$PWD" == */.recycle ]] || { echo -e "\\033[1;31mcwderr\\033[0m"; exit 9; }
[[ "`echo ${RECYCLE_DIR}`" == "$PWD" ]] || { echo -e"\\033[1;31mcwd err\\033[0m"; exit 9; }
### ^^^必須進入回收站所在的目錄
function echo.log {
local line_no=${BASH_LINENO[0]}
local file_name=$0
echo "${file_name}:${line_no}:$@"
}
echo.ok() {
if [[ $1 == "-n" ]]; then
shift
echo -n -e"\\033[1;32m$@\e[0m"
else
echo -e"\\033[1;32m$@\e[0m"
fi
}
echo.err() {
if [[ $1 == "-n" ]]; then
shift
echo -n -e "\\033[1;31m$@\e[0m"
else
echo -e"\\033[1;31m$@\e[0m"
fi
}
function yesOrNo {
local answer=""
local ret=0
local message="$@, (Y)es/(N)o? [n] "
: ${REDIRECT:=/dev/tty}
while true ; do
read -p "${message}"answer < $REDIRECT > $REDIRECT 2>&1
case"$answer" in
[yY]) ret=0; break ;;
[nN]|"") ret=1; break ;;
*) echo; continue
esac
done
return $ret
}
### ^^^list the files in recycle
listFile() {
lsOption=""
isHasSize=false
if [[ $option == *l* ]]; then
ls_option="${lsOption} -sh"
isHasSize=true
fi
### file list
fileList="`ls -1 ${ls_option}${RECYCLE_DIR}`"
sortOption=""
### sort by name
if [[ $option == *n* ]]; then
sortOption="${sortOption} -k4"
fi
if [[ $option == *r* ]]; then
sortOption="${sortOption}-r"
fi
### sort the result
fileList=`echo "$fileList" |sort -t'_'${sortOption}`
offset_index=0
offset_year=$((0 + offset_index))
offset_month=$((4 + offset_index))
offset_day=$((6 + offset_index))
offset_hour=$((9 + offset_index))
offset_min=$((11 + offset_index))
offset_shortType=$((16 + offset_index))
offset_fileName=$((18 + offset_index))
while read i; do
#echo.ok "$i"
if [[ $i == total* ]];then
echo $i
continue
fi
if [[ $isHasSize ==true ]]; then
size="${i%% *}"
i="${i#* }"
fi
timeStr="${i:${offset_year}:4}-${i:${offset_month}:2}-${i:${offset_day}:2}${i:${offset_hour}:2}:${i:${offset_min}:2}"
shortType=${i:${offset_shortType}:1}
fileName=${i:${offset_fileName}}
if [[ $option == *l*]]; then
#echo "$timeStr $size $shortType $fileName"
printf "%s %-4s %s " "$timeStr" "$size""$shortType"
fi
### must set""
colorOption=""
if [[ $shortType == d]]; then
colorOption="\e[1;34m"
fi
echo -e"${colorOption}$fileName\e[0m"
done <<< "${fileList}" ###here string
### the while loop not exec in a subshell; if use pipeline, it will run in asubsehll;
}
### $$$list the files in recycle
emptyRecycle() {
### echo -e"\\033[1;32mpwd: ${PWD}\n\e[0m"
[[ "$PWD" ==*/.recycle ]] || { echo -e "\\033[1;31mcwd err\\033[0m"; exit9; }
[[ "`echo${RECYCLE_DIR}`" == "$PWD" ]] || { echo -e"\\033[1;31mcwd err\\033[0m"; exit 9; }
###yesOrNo "emptythe recycle " && $RM -rfv $RECYCLE_DIR/* && echo.okrecycle emptyed || return 0
$RM -rfv$RECYCLE_DIR/* > /dev/null && echo.ok recycle emptyed
}
### ^^^del files in recycle
delFile() {
echo -e "\\033[1;32mpwd: ${PWD}\n\e[0m"
RM='/bin/rm'
#echo.log hi
#echo.log "$@"
time=0
size=0
while (( $# >= 1 )); do
case "$1" in
-s) local -i size=$2; shift2;;
-t) local -i time=$2; shift2;;
-f) local forec=true; shift;;
-empty)
emptyRecycle
return $?
;;
*) break;;
esac
done
#echo.log $size
#echo.log $time
### 同時sie和time同時爲0則退出。
if (( size == 0 && time == 0 )); then
echo.err size and timeis \`0\'
return 1
fi
### get the system date
date_now=`date -s now +%Y%m%d`
### *MUST* 檢測cwd是否爲回收站，如果不是則exit
### 防止誤刪其他目錄
[[ "$PWD" == */.recycle ]] || { echo -e "\\033[1;31mcwd err\\033[0m"; exit 9; }
[[ "`echo ${RECYCLE_DIR}`" =="$PWD" ]] || { echo -e "\\033[1;31mcwd err\\033[0m";exit 9; }
### get the file in recycle
delFileListTmp="$(du -sb *)"
(( $? != 0 )) && return 1 ## recycle iempty
### read line, and analize it
while read line; do
line_size=${line%% *} ### get size
line_f2=${line#* } ### get file name: field 2
line_date=${line_f2:0:8} ### get del date
#echo.log $(( date_now- line_date ))
### 刪除符合條件的文件
if (( line_size >=size*1024*1024 && date_now - line_date >= time)); then
### 沒有-f時，提示是否刪除
if [[ $forec != true ]]; then
[[ "`echo ${RECYCLE_DIR}`" =="$PWD" ]] || { echo -e "\\033[1;31mcwd err\\033[0m";exit 9; }
yesOrNo remove \`$line_f2\' \
|| continue
fi
### 檢測cwd是否爲回收站，如果不是則exit
### [[ "$PWD" == */.recycle ]] || { echo -e"\\033[1;31mcwd err\\033[0m"; exit 9; }
### [[ "`echo ${RECYCLE_DIR}`" == "$PWD" ]] || {echo -e "\\033[1;31mcwd err\\033[0m"; exit 9; }
$RM -fr $line_f2 && echo.ok remove \`$line_f2\'
#echo.log "$line_size" $line_date
fi
done <<-EOF
${delFileListTmp}
EOF
### here document
}
### $$$del files in recycle
print_help()
{
cat <<-EOF
${0##*/} version $VERSION
Usage: ${0##*/} [-l] [-n] [-r]
${0##*/} -d -empty
${0##*/} -d [-f] [-t<time>] [-s <size>]
manipulate the recycle
Options:
l - list the deleted file with long format
n - sort the deleted file by name
r - list the deleted whth reverse order
d - delete file mode
empty - empty the recycle
h - Help
t <time> - delete the file\`time' days ago
s <size> - delete file which sizegreater the \`size' megabyte
EOF
}
### read option
option=""
while (( $# >= 1 )); do
case "$1" in
-h|--help) print_help; exit 0;;
-d) option="${option}$1"; shift; break;;
--) shift; break;; #遇到`--'，則option結束
-*) option="${option}$1"; shift;;
*) break;;
esac
done
if [[ $option == *-d* ]]; then
#echo.log $option
delFile "$@"
else
listFile
firecycle.sh腳本：
#!/bin/bash
size=`du -s /root/.recycle/ | awk '{print $1}'`
date=`date +%F`
if [ $size -gt 10485760 ]; then
recycle -d -empty &> /dev/null
echo "
刪除日期：$date" >> /var/log/recycle.log
fi