Zabbix介绍
为什么要监控
我们的职责
1. 保障企业数据的安全可靠。
2. 为客户提供7*24小时服务
3. 不断提升用户体验
在关键时刻，提前提醒我们服务器要出问题了
当出问题之后，可以便于找到问题的根源
怎么来监控
远程管理服务器有远程管理卡，比如Dell idRAC，HP ILO，IBM IMM
查看硬件的温度/风扇转速，电脑有鲁大师，服务器就有opmitool。使用ipmitool实现对服务器的命令行远程管理
ü yum -y install OpenIPMI ipmitool àIPMI在物理机可以成功，虚拟机不行
CPU性能好不好、忙不忙可以用lscpu、uptime、top、htop。
内存够不够可以用free
磁盘剩多少写的快不快可以用df、dd、iotop
网络太卡找iftop，nethogs
监控工具总览
mrtg 流量监控出图
nagios 监控
cacti 流量监控出图
zabbix 监控+出图，所有监控范畴，都可以整合到Zabbix中。
硬件监控：Zabbix IPMI Interface
系统监控：Zabbix Agent Interface
Java监控：Zabbix JMX Interfaca
网络设备监控：Zabbix SNMP Interface
应用服务监控：Zabbix Agent UserParameter
MySQL数据库监控：percona-monitoring-plulgins
URL监控：Zabbix Web 监控
Zabbix初体验
环境检查
[root@m01 ~]# getenforce
Disabled
[root@m01 ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
[root@m01 ~]# hostname -I
10.0.0.61 172.16.1.61
安装zabbix服务端
安装zabbix官方源
[root@m01 ~]# rpm -ivh http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
获取http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
警告：/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.pYOCq8: 头V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 79ea5ed4: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:zabbix-release-3.0-1.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@m01 ~]# yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql
作为依赖被安装:
OpenIPMI-libs.x86_64 0:2.0.19-15.el7 OpenIPMI-modalias.x86_64 0:2.0.19-15.el7
dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7
fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7 fping.x86_64 0:3.10-4.el7
httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6
iksemel.x86_64 0:1.4-6.el7 libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.5-1.el7
libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.5-1.el7 libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.8-2.1.el7
libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 libpng.x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2
libxcb.x86_64 0:1.12-1.el7 libzip.x86_64 0:0.10.1-8.el7
mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 net-snmp-libs.x86_64 1:5.7.2-28.el7
php.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-bcmath.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-cli.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-common.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-gd.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-ldap.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-mbstring.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-mysql.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-pdo.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-xml.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
t1lib.x86_64 0:5.1.2-14.el7 unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.3.1-11.el7
zabbix-web.noarch 0:3.0.13-2.el7
Yum安装数据库
数据库安装
[root@m01 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server
[root@m01 ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service
[root@m01 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql/
aria_log.00000001 ibdata1 ib_logfile1 mysql.sock test
aria_log_control ib_logfile0 mysql performance_schema
创建数据库，权限
[root@m01 ~]# mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
导入数据库sql文件
[root@m01 ~]# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.0.13/create.sql.gz|mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix
配置zabbix-server
配置zabbix server连接mysql
[root@m01 ~]# sed -i.ori '115a DBPassword=zabbix' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
[root@m01 ~]# grep "^[a-Z]" /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=0
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptrap/snmptrap.log
Timeout=4
AlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts
LogSlowQueries=3000
修改默认时区
[root@m01 ~]# sed -i.ori '18a php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai' /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
启动服务
[root@m01 ~]# systemctl start zabbix-server
[root@m01 ~]# systemctl start httpd
查看是否启动
[root@m01 ~]# tailf /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
17821:20180112:105043.229 server #17 started [timer #1]
17822:20180112:105043.242 server #18 started [http poller #1]
17823:20180112:105043.243 server #19 started [discoverer #1]
17826:20180112:105043.254 server #21 started [history syncer #2]
17827:20180112:105043.255 server #22 started [history syncer #3]
17825:20180112:105043.257 server #20 started [history syncer #1]
17833:20180112:105043.282 server #24 started [escalator #1]
17832:20180112:105043.286 server #23 started [history syncer #4]
17834:20180112:105043.288 server #25 started [proxy poller #1]
17838:20180112:105043.303 server #26 started [self-monitoring #1]
开机自启
[root@m01 ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-server.service httpd.service mariadb.service
Zabbix网页操作
打开网页
加上端口与密码
密码zabbix
站点取名
登录
翻译成中文
客户端部署
服务端客户端都要装，都要监控
[root@cache01 ~]# echo "192.168.11.200 repo.zabbix.com" >> /etc/hosts
[root@cache01 ~]# rpm -ivh http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
获取http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
警告：/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.bs0Ggb: 头V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 79ea5ed4: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:zabbix-release-3.0-1.el7 ################################# [100%]
客户端软件
[root@cache01 ~]# yum -y install zabbix-agent
修改配置文件
[root@cache01 ~]# sed -i.ori 's#Server=127.0.0.1#Server=172.16.1.61#' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
启动
[root@cache01 ~]# systemctl start zabbix-agent.service
测试客户端是否可用
服务端
[root@m01 ~]# yum install -y zabbix-get
[root@m01 ~]# zabbix_get -s 172.16.1.61 -p 10050 -k "system.cpu.load[all,avg1]"
0.060000
[root@m01 ~]# zabbix_get -s 172.16.1.21 -p 10050 -k "system.cpu.load[all,avg1]"
0.000000
Web添加服务端
点进原有的zabbix-server主机
刷新出绿色就好了、
解决乱码
[root@m01 ~]# yum -y install wqy-microhei-fonts
[root@m01 ~]# \cp /usr/share/fonts/wqy-microhei/wqy-microhei.ttc /usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf
监控的时间越长，东西显示的更多