mysaqld_safe 單機啓動多個mysql
chown –R mysql:mysql /opt/app/mysql/var-7![]()
一、直接運行mysqld程序來啓動MySQL服務的方法很少見，mysqld_safe腳本會在啓動MySQL服務器後繼續監控其運行情況，並在其死機時重新啓動它。用mysqld_safe腳本來啓動MySQL服務器的做法在BSD風格的unix系統上很常見，非BSD風格的UNIX系統中的 mysql.server腳本其實也是調用mysqld_safe腳本去啓動MySQL服務器的。它通常做如下事情：
1. 檢查系統和選項。
2. 檢查MyISAM表。
3. 保持MySQL服務器窗口。
4. 啓動並監視mysqld，如果因錯誤終止則重啓。
5. 將mysqld的錯誤消息發送到數據目錄中的host_name.err 文件。
6. 將mysqld_safe的屏幕輸出發送到數據目錄中的host_name.safe文件。
二、搭建服務器信息6.3系統安裝mysql-5.6.10
從庫：192.168.1.18，主庫：192.168.1.7、192.168.1.13、192.168.1.16
默認cmake安裝mysql-5.6.10目錄爲/usr/local/mysql(以後可以編譯安裝)
1. 檢查系統和選項。
2. 檢查MyISAM表。
3. 保持MySQL服務器窗口。
4. 啓動並監視mysqld，如果因錯誤終止則重啓。
5. 將mysqld的錯誤消息發送到數據目錄中的host_name.err 文件。
6. 將mysqld_safe的屏幕輸出發送到數據目錄中的host_name.safe文件。
二、搭建服務器信息6.3系統安裝mysql-5.6.10
從庫：192.168.1.18，主庫：192.168.1.7、192.168.1.13、192.168.1.16
默認cmake安裝mysql-5.6.10目錄爲/usr/local/mysql(以後可以編譯安裝)
先建好用來存放數據庫資料的相應的文件夾路徑（datadir使用的目錄），並設置相應的權限。
mkdir –p /opt/app/mysql/var-7
mkdir –p /opt/app/mysql/var-7
mkdir –p /opt/app/mysql/var-13
mkdir –p /opt/app/mysql/var-16
給兩個目錄賦予權限：chown –R mysql:mysql /opt/app/mysql/var-7
chown –R mysql:mysql /opt/app/mysql/var-13
chown –R mysql:mysql /opt/app/mysql/var-16
chmod -R 700 /opt/app/mysql/var--7chmod -R 700 /opt/app/mysql/var-13
chmod -R 700 /opt/app/mysql/var-16
cd /usr/local/mysql/
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/app/mysql/var-7/
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/app/mysql/var-13/
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/app/mysql/var-16/
分別創建各個數據的my.cnf文件，複製以下內容。不同庫做相應修改就可以。
192.168.1.18 scp /opt/app/mysql/var-7/my.cnf
# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
#
# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
# other programs (such as a web server)
#
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, see:
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password =
port = 3308
socket = /tmp/mysql-14.sock
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3308
datadir = /opt/app/mysql/var-14
socket = /tmp/mysql-14.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 16M
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M
query_cache_size = 32M
query_cache_type = 1
max_connections = 1024
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size= 256M
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log=1
thread_cache_size=32
expire_logs_days=5
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 14
# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
# the syntax is:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
# where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
# <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
# Example:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host = <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user = <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password = <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port = <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 128M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
#
# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
# other programs (such as a web server)
#
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, see:
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password =
port = 3308
socket = /tmp/mysql-14.sock
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3308
datadir = /opt/app/mysql/var-14
socket = /tmp/mysql-14.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 16M
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M
query_cache_size = 32M
query_cache_type = 1
max_connections = 1024
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size= 256M
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log=1
thread_cache_size=32
expire_logs_days=5
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 14
# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
# the syntax is:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
# where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
# <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
# Example:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host = <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user = <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password = <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port = <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 128M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
啓動數據從庫
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/opt/app/mysql/var-7/my.cnf &
查看是否啓動，要是關閉，需要kill -9，2個進程都需要kill。如27152和27576。
ps aux | grep mysql
進入沒mysql從庫
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p103205palm -S /tmp/mysql-7.sock
注：
1、如果是主庫已經有數據了，需要去把數據導入到從庫中在做同步。
導出主庫：mysqldump -uroot -p103205palm -R --all-databases > /opt/app/foot.sql
導入從庫：進入數據庫 mysql>source foot.sql;
2、如果是隻同步主庫中的幾個庫，需要在主庫的/etc/my.cnf中加入以下內容。
binlog-do-db=analyze #analyze是同步數據庫的名稱
binlog-do-db=yjws #yjws是同步數據庫的名稱
binlog-do-db=yjws #yjws是同步數據庫的名稱
#ignore db
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=test
expire_logs_days = 7
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=test
expire_logs_days = 7