Linux下C語言編程(二)消息隊列的發送和接收
發送消息隊列
/*send.c*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <errno.h>
#define MSGKEY 1024
struct msgstru
{
long msgtype;
char msgtext[2048];
};
main()
{
struct msgstru msgs;
int msg_type;
char str[256];
int ret_value;
int msqid;
msqid=msgget(MSGKEY,IPC_EXCL); /*檢查消息隊列是否存在*/
if(msqid < 0){
msqid = msgget(MSGKEY,IPC_CREAT|0666);/*創建消息隊列*/
if(msqid <0){
printf("failed to create msq | errno=%d [%s]\n",errno,strerror(errno));
exit(-1);
}
}
while (1){
printf("input message type(end:0):");
scanf("%d",&msg_type);
if (msg_type == 0)
break;
printf("input message to be sent:");
scanf ("%s",str);
msgs.msgtype = msg_type;
strcpy(msgs.msgtext, str);
/* 發送消息隊列 */
ret_value = msgsnd(msqid,&msgs,sizeof(struct msgstru),IPC_NOWAIT);
if ( ret_value < 0 ) {
printf("msgsnd() write msg failed,errno=%d[%s]\n",errno,strerror(errno));
exit(-1);
}
}
msgctl(msqid,IPC_RMID,0); //刪除消息隊列
}
接收消息隊列
/*receive.c */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <errno.h>
#define MSGKEY 1024
struct msgstru
{
long msgtype;
char msgtext[2048];
};
/*子進程,監聽消息隊列*/
void childproc(){
struct msgstru msgs;
int msgid,ret_value;
char str[512];
while(1){
msgid = msgget(MSGKEY,IPC_EXCL );/*檢查消息隊列是否存在 */
if(msgid < 0){
printf("msq not existed! errno=%d [%s]\n",errno,strerror(errno));
sleep(2);
continue;
}
/*接收消息隊列*/
ret_value = msgrcv(msgid,&msgs,sizeof(struct msgstru),0,0);
printf("text=[%s] pid=[%d]\n",msgs.msgtext,getpid());
}
return;
}
void main()
{
int i,cpid;
/* create 5 child process */
for (i=0;i<5;i++){
cpid = fork();
if (cpid < 0)
printf("fork failed\n");
else if (cpid ==0) /*child process*/
childproc();
}
}
左側是發送端:input message type(end:0):
數字判斷是否結束,輸入0結束,輸入其他下一步輸入要發送的string;
右側是接收端(監聽):其中text表示監聽到的內容,pid表示是哪個線程監聽到這條消息隊列;
ps:
1.c語言中scanf