自定義MVC框架

自定義MVC框架
一、 實現自定義MVC的體系結構圖

1、Model I模式開發Web應用時，分兩種情況：
　　*純JSP技術方式開發
　　*JSP+JavaBean方式開發
2、Model I模式開發的不足：
　　*JSP頁面中嵌入大量的Java代碼，可讀性差。
　　*大量代碼在JSP中難以複用。
　　*後期維護及擴展的難度大。
3、爲了克服Model I模式的缺陷，引入了Model II的模式開發
　　*Model II模式體現了基於MVC(Model-View-Controller,模型-視圖-控制器)的設計模式，簡單的說，Model II模式就是將數據顯示、流程控制和業務邏輯處理分離，使之相互獨立。
4、MVC設計模式由3個部分組成各部分的作用。
　　*Model：模型，主要用於數據和業務的處理。
　　*View：視圖，用於數據顯示。
　　*Controller：控制器，用於流程控制。
5、MVC設計模式的特點
　　*一個模型可以對應多個視圖。
　　*顯示與邏輯控制分離。
　　*分層控制，減低了代碼間的耦合。
二、 我們如何創建一個自己的MVC框架？？
（一）我們要在lib裏面準備一個夾包
dom4j-1.6.1.jar 主要作用：解析xml文件
(二)準備配置文檔（在src下）
<!DOCTYPE myframework[

<!ELEMENT myframework (actions) >
<!ELEMENT actions (action*)>
<!ELEMENT action (result*)>
<!ATTLIST action name CDATA #REQUIRED
                 class CDATA #REQUIRED
>
<!ATTLIST result name CDATA #IMPLIED
                redirect (true|false) "false"
>

]>
解釋：

解釋：根據上述約束完成的“*”代表該節點可以出現多次

<myframework>

    <actions>
        <action name="LoginAction" class="cn.action.LoginAction">
            <result name="success">success.jsp</result>
            <result name="login">login.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </actions>

</myframework>

（三）自己準備一個Action接口，用於放入結果集和執行方法
package cn.framework;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public interface Action {

public final String SUCCESS = "success";
public final String ERROR = "error";
public final String LOGIN = "login";
public final String INPUT = "input";
public String execute(HttpServletRequest request,
        HttpServletResponse response);

}

（四）定義一個ResultMapping用來存放result節點
package cn.framework;
public class ResultMapping {

//result節點名字
private String name;
//是否重定向
private boolean redirect;
//跳轉的頁面
private String url;
public ResultMapping() {
}
public ResultMapping(String name, boolean redirect, String url) {
    this.name = name;
    this.redirect = redirect;
    this.url = url;
}
public String getName() {
    return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
}
public boolean isRedirect() {
    return redirect;
}
public void setRedirect(boolean redirect) {
    this.redirect = redirect;
}
public String getUrl() {
    return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
    this.url = url;
}

}

（五）定義一個ActionMapping用來存放Action節點
package cn.framework;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class ActionMapping {

// Action名稱
private String name;
// Action名稱對應的Action的類的全稱
private String className;
// result集合
private Map<String, ResultMapping> results = new HashMap<String, ResultMapping>();

public ActionMapping() {
}
public ActionMapping(String name, String className, Map<String, ResultMapping> results) {
    super();
    this.name = name;
    this.className = className;
    this.results = results;
}
public String getName() {
    return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
}
public String getClassName() {
    return className;
}

public void setClassName(String className) {
    this.className = className;
}
public Map<String, ResultMapping> getResults() {
    return results;
}
public void setResults(Map<String, ResultMapping> results) {
    this.results = results;
}

}
（六）準備一個ActionMappingManager是用來管理ActionMapping的
package cn.framework;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
public class ActionMappingManager {

Map<String, ActionMapping> actionMapping = new HashMap<String, ActionMapping>();

public ActionMappingManager() {
    init();
}

public ActionMapping getActionMapping(String actionName) {
    return actionMapping.get(actionName);
}

public ActionMappingManager(String fileName) {

}

public Map<String, ActionMapping> getActionMapping() {
    return actionMapping;
}

public void setActionMapping(Map<String, ActionMapping> actionMapping) {
    this.actionMapping = actionMapping;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

    new ActionMappingManager().init();

}

public void init() {
    InputStream is = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/myframework.xml");
 
    SAXReader sr = new SAXReader();     
    try {
        Document doc = sr.read(is);

        Element elRoot = doc.getRootElement();

        List<Element> listActions = elRoot.elements();

        for (Element elActions : listActions) {

            List<Element> listAction = elActions.elements();

            for (Element elAction : listAction) {
                ActionMapping aMapping = new ActionMapping();
                Attribute attName = elAction.attribute("name");
                Attribute attClass = elAction.attribute("class");
                aMapping.setName(attName.getValue());
                aMapping.setClassName(attClass.getValue());
                List<Element> listResult = elAction.elements();
                for (Element elResult : listResult) {
                    ResultMapping rMapping = new ResultMapping();
                    Attribute attResultName = elResult.attribute("name");
                    Attribute attResultRedirect = elResult.attribute("redirect");
                    rMapping.setName(attResultName.getValue());
                    rMapping.setRedirect(Boolean.parseBoolean(attResultRedirect.getValue()));
                    rMapping.setUrl(elResult.getTextTrim());
                    aMapping.getResults().put(rMapping.getName(), rMapping);
                }
                actionMapping.put(aMapping.getName(), aMapping);
            }
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

}

（七）利用反射機制找到自己的實列
package cn.framework;

public class ActionManager {

public static Action createAction(String className) {
    Class<?> clz = null;

    try {
        clz = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().loadClass(className);
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }
    try {
        if (clz == null) {
            clz = Class.forName(className);
        }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }
    Action action = null;

    try {
        action = (Action) clz.newInstance();
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }

    return action;
}

}

（八）寫一個業務邏輯
package cn.action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import cn.framework.Action;

public class LoginAction implements Action {

@Override
public String execute(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

    return "success";
}

}

（九）核心控制器Servlet

package cn.framework;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MVCServlet extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws ServletException, IOException {
}

ActionMappingManager amanager = null;

@Override
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
    amanager = new ActionMappingManager();
}

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws ServletException, IOException {
    ActionMapping am = amanager.getActionMapping(getActionName(request));
    Action action = ActionManager.createAction(am.getClassName());
    String r = action.execute(request, response);
    ResultMapping rm = am.getResults().get(r);
    if (rm.isRedirect()) {
        response.sendRedirect(rm.getUrl());
    } else {
        request.getRequestDispatcher(rm.getUrl()).forward(request, response);
    }
}

public String getActionName(HttpServletRequest request) {
    String actionName = null;

    String uri = request.getRequestURI();

    String contentPath = request.getContextPath();

    String actionPath = uri.substring(contentPath.length());

    actionName = actionPath.substring(1, actionPath.indexOf(".")).trim();

    return actionName;

}

}
（十）修改web.xml

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>MVCServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>cn.framework.MVCServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>MVCServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

（十一）準備一個login.jsp頁面

（十二）發佈到Tomcat運行