使用Java進行SNMP編程-SNMP4J-SNMPv1/v2-代碼實例

https://blog.csdn.net/fw0124/article/details/8559564

使用SNMP4J可以很方便的實現一個SNMP NMS的功能。
對於SNMPv1/SNMPv2，簡單的說，只需要以下幾個步驟
1) 創建Snmp對象snmp

2) 創建CommunityTarget對象target，並指定community, version, address, timeout, retry等參數。

3) 創建PDU對象pdu，並指定操作類型(GET/GETNEXT/GETBULK/SET)， 添加VariableBinding(也就是待操作的OID),
    如果是GETBULK操作，還可以指定MaxRepetitions和NonRepeaters。
 注意一定要指定MaxRepetitions，默認值是0，那樣不會返回任何結果。

4) 調用snmp.send(pdu, target)方法，發送請求請返回結果。

此外，SNMP4J提供了TableUtils類，可以很輕鬆的實現一個SNMP Walk的功能，比如一次返回一個表格下面的所有MIB值。
TableUtils類還支持指定ower bound index 和 upper bound index， 得到更小範圍的結果以提高性能。這一點對於從一個很多行的表中取一部分行的數據來說很重要。

Snmp還支持異步的send方法。

下面的代碼實例實現了GET, GETNEXT, GETBULK, Walk, SET操作，
以及一個利用異步send方法實現的agent discovery： 對一個廣播地址發送請求，等待agent返回的應答。
如果需要對一個範圍內的IP進行掃描，可以稍加改進，反覆調用異步send多次發送給不同IP。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Vector;
 
import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;
import org.snmp4j.PDU;
import org.snmp4j.Snmp;
import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseEvent;
import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseListener;
import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OID;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;
import org.snmp4j.smi.UdpAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.util.DefaultPDUFactory;
import org.snmp4j.util.TableEvent;
import org.snmp4j.util.TableUtils;
 
public class SNMPv2Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
		Snmp snmp = new Snmp(new DefaultUdpTransportMapping());
		snmp.listen();
		
		CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();
		target.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));
		target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version2c);
		target.setAddress(new UdpAddress("192.168.0.100/161"));
		target.setTimeout(3000);	//3s
		target.setRetries(1);
				
		sendRequest(snmp, createGetPdu(), target);
		sendRequest(snmp, createGetNextPdu(), target);
		sendRequest(snmp, createGetBulkPdu(), target);
		snmpWalk(snmp, target);
		
		target.setCommunity(new OctetString("private"));
		sendRequest(snmp, createSetPdu(), target);
		
		CommunityTarget broadcastTarget = new CommunityTarget();
		broadcastTarget.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));
		broadcastTarget.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version2c);
		broadcastTarget.setAddress(new UdpAddress("192.168.0.255/161"));
		broadcastTarget.setTimeout(5000);	//5s
		sendAsyncRequest(snmp, createGetNextPdu(), broadcastTarget);
		Thread.sleep(6000);	//main thread wait 6s for the completion of asynchronous request 
	}
	
	private static PDU createGetPdu() {
		PDU pdu = new PDU();
		pdu.setType(PDU.GET);
		pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0")));	//sysUpTime
		pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0")));	//sysName
		pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5")));	//expect an no_such_instance error
		return pdu;
	}
	
	private static PDU createGetNextPdu() {
		PDU pdu = new PDU();
		pdu.setType(PDU.GETNEXT);
		pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3")));	//sysUpTime
		pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5")));	//sysName
 
		return pdu;
	}
	
	private static PDU createGetBulkPdu() {
		PDU pdu = new PDU();
		pdu.setType(PDU.GETBULK);
		pdu.setMaxRepetitions(10);	//must set it, default is 0
		pdu.setNonRepeaters(0);
		pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1")));		//system
		return pdu;
	}
	
	private static PDU createSetPdu() {
		PDU pdu = new PDU();
		pdu.setType(PDU.SET);
		pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0"), new OctetString("sysname")));	//sysName
		return pdu;
	}
	
	private static void sendRequest(Snmp snmp, PDU pdu, CommunityTarget target)
	throws IOException {
		ResponseEvent responseEvent = snmp.send(pdu, target);
		PDU response = responseEvent.getResponse();
		
		if (response == null) {
			System.out.println("TimeOut...");
		} else {
			if (response.getErrorStatus() == PDU.noError) {
				Vector<? extends VariableBinding> vbs = response.getVariableBindings();
				for (VariableBinding vb : vbs) {
					System.out.println(vb + " ," + vb.getVariable().getSyntaxString());
				}
			} else {
				System.out.println("Error:" + response.getErrorStatusText());
			}
		}
	}
	
	private static void sendAsyncRequest(Snmp snmp, PDU pdu, CommunityTarget target)
	throws IOException {
		snmp.send(pdu, target, null, new ResponseListener(){
 
			@Override
			public void onResponse(ResponseEvent event) {
				PDU response = event.getResponse();
				System.out.println("Got response from " + event.getPeerAddress());
				if (response == null) {
					System.out.println("TimeOut...");
				} else {
					if (response.getErrorStatus() == PDU.noError) {
						Vector<? extends VariableBinding> vbs = response.getVariableBindings();
						for (VariableBinding vb : vbs) {
							System.out.println(vb + " ," + vb.getVariable().getSyntaxString());
						}
					} else {
						System.out.println("Error:" + response.getErrorStatusText());
					}
				}
			}});
	}
	
	private static void snmpWalk(Snmp snmp, CommunityTarget target) {
		TableUtils utils = new TableUtils(snmp, new DefaultPDUFactory(PDU.GETBULK));//GETNEXT or GETBULK
		utils.setMaxNumRowsPerPDU(5);	//only for GETBULK, set max-repetitions, default is 10
		OID[] columnOids = new OID[] {
				new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.9.1.2"),	//sysORID
				new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.9.1.3"),	//sysORDescr
				new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.9.1.5")	//wrong OID, expect an null in in VariableBinding array
		};
		// If not null, all returned rows have an index in a range (lowerBoundIndex, upperBoundIndex]
		List<TableEvent> l = utils.getTable(target, columnOids, new OID("3"), new OID("10"));
		for (TableEvent e : l) {
			System.out.println(e);
		}
	}
}