Android 7.0實現拍照、獲取相冊圖片上傳頭像功能

對網上關於Android7.0的上傳頭像進行整理

1.添加權限管理。內容例如以下：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>

2.在manifest中添加provider。內容例如以下：

<provider
    android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
    android:authorities="com.jph.takephoto.fileprovider"
    android:grantUriPermissions="true"
    android:exported="false">
    <meta-data
        android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
        android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>

exported:要求必須爲false，爲true則會報安全異常。grantUriPermissions:true，表示授予 URI 暫時訪問權限。

3.爲了指定共享的文件夾我們須要在資源(res)文件夾下創建一個xml文件夾，然後創建一個名爲“file_paths”(名字能夠隨便起，僅僅要和在manifest註冊的provider所引用的resource保持一致就可以)的資源文件。內容例如以下：

xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <paths>
        <external-path path="" name="camera_photos" />
    </paths>
</resources>

上述代碼中path=”“，是有特殊意義的，它代碼根文件夾。也就是說你能夠向其它的應用共享根文件夾及其子文件夾下不論什麼一個文件了，假設你將path設爲path=”pictures”， 
那麼它代表着根文件夾下的pictures文件夾(eg:/storage/emulated/0/pictures)，假設你向其它應用分享pictures文件夾範圍之外的文件是不行的。

4.上述準備工作做完之後，如今我們就能夠使用FileProvider了。內容例如以下：

    private void setupDialog(){
        final String[] items = {"拍照", "相冊"};
        AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
        listDialog.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                if (i == 0){
                    camera();
                }else if (i == 1){
                    gallery();
                }
            }
        });
        listDialog.show();
    }

    private void gallery(){
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setType("image/*");
        intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_GALLERY);
    }

    private void camera(){
        Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        if (cameraIntent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
            mTmpFile = new File(FileUtils.createRootPath(getBaseContext()) + "/" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
            FileUtils.createFile(mTmpFile);
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N){
                cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,
                        FileProvider.getUriForFile(getBaseContext(), BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID + ".provider", mTmpFile));
            }else {
                cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(mTmpFile));
            }
            cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(mTmpFile));
            startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, REQUEST_CAMERA);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        switch (requestCode){
            case REQUEST_CAMERA:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK){
                    crop(mTmpFile.getAbsolutePath());
                }else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "拍照失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;

            case REQUEST_CROP:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK){
                    rvHead.setImageURI(Uri.fromFile(mCropImageFile));
                    upHead(mCropImageFile+""); // 把圖片上傳到服務器
                }else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "截圖失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;

            case REQUEST_GALLERY:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK && data != null){
                    String imagePath = handleImage(data);
                    crop(imagePath);
                }else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "打開圖庫失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;

        }
    }

    private void crop(String imagePath){
        //mCropImageFile = FileUtils.createTmpFile(getBaseContext());
        mCropImageFile = getmCropImageFile();
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
        intent.setDataAndType(getImageContentUri(new File(imagePath)), "image/*");
        intent.putExtra("crop", true);
        intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
        intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
        intent.putExtra("outputX", 500);
        intent.putExtra("outputY", 500);
        intent.putExtra("scale", true);
        intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(mCropImageFile));
        intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
        intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
        startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CROP);
    }

    //把fileUri轉換成ContentUri
    public Uri getImageContentUri(File imageFile){
        String filePath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(
                MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
                new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media._ID},
                MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ",
                new String[]{filePath}, null);

        if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            int id = cursor.getInt(cursor
                    .getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID));
            Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media");
            return Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id);
        } else {
            if (imageFile.exists()) {
                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath);
                return getContentResolver().insert(
                        MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }

    //獲取裁剪的圖片保存地址
    private File getmCropImageFile(){
        if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
            //File file = new File(context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES),"temp.jpg");
            File file = new File(getExternalCacheDir(), System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
            return file;
        }
        return null;
    }

    private String handleImage(Intent data) {
        Uri uri = data.getData();
        String imagePath = null;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19) {
            if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(this, uri)) {
                String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                if ("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {
                    String id = docId.split(":")[1];
                    String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=" + id;
                    imagePath = getImagePath(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, selection);
                } else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {
                    Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("" +
                            "content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(docId));
                    imagePath = getImagePath(contentUri, null);
                }
            } else if ("content".equals(uri.getScheme())) {
                imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
            }
        } else {
            imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
        }
        return imagePath;
    }

    private String getImagePath(Uri uri, String seletion) {
        String path = null;
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, null, seletion, null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));
            }
            cursor.close();
        }
        return path;
    }

5.FileUtils：

package com.dahuo.gohome.util;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;

import java.io.File;

/**
 * Created by $  *** on 2018/9/27 0027.
 */

public class FileUtils {
    private static final String TAG = FileUtils.class.getSimpleName();

    /**
     * 創建根緩存目錄
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static String createRootPath(Context context) {
        String cacheRootPath = "";
        if (isSdCardAvailable()) {
            // /sdcard/Android/data/<application package>/cache
            cacheRootPath = context.getExternalCacheDir().getPath();
        } else {
            // /data/data/<application package>/cache
            cacheRootPath = context.getCacheDir().getPath();
        }
        return cacheRootPath;
    }

    public static boolean isSdCardAvailable() {
        return Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState());
    }

    /**
     * 遞歸創建文件夾
     *
     * @param dirPath
     * @return 創建失敗返回""
     */
    public static String createDir(String dirPath) {
        try {
            File file = new File(dirPath);
            if (file.getParentFile().exists()) {
                Log.i(TAG, "----- 創建文件夾" + file.getAbsolutePath());
                file.mkdir();
                return file.getAbsolutePath();
            } else {
                createDir(file.getParentFile().getAbsolutePath());
                Log.i(TAG, "----- 創建文件夾" + file.getAbsolutePath());
                file.mkdir();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return dirPath;
    }

    /**
     * 遞歸創建文件夾
     *
     * @param file
     * @return 創建失敗返回""
     */
    public static String createFile(File file) {
        try {
            if (file.getParentFile().exists()) {
                Log.i(TAG, "----- 創建文件" + file.getAbsolutePath());
                file.createNewFile();
                return file.getAbsolutePath();
            } else {
                createDir(file.getParentFile().getAbsolutePath());
                file.createNewFile();
                Log.i(TAG, "----- 創建文件" + file.getAbsolutePath());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "";
    }

    public static String getApplicationId(Context appContext) throws IllegalArgumentException {
        ApplicationInfo applicationInfo = null;
        try {
            applicationInfo = appContext.getPackageManager().getApplicationInfo(appContext.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
            if (applicationInfo == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(" get application info = null, has no meta data! ");
            }
            Log.d(TAG, appContext.getPackageName() + " " + applicationInfo.metaData.getString("APP_ID"));
            return applicationInfo.metaData.getString("APP_ID");
        } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(" get application info error! ", e);
        }
    }
}