詳解通過API管理或定製開發ECS實例

在本文裏我們給大家整理了關於通過API管理或定製開發ECS的相關實例內容，有需要的朋友們參考學習下。

彈性管理 ECS 實例

獲取 RAM 子賬號 AK 密鑰

使用API管理ECS實例，您需要能訪問ECS資源的API密鑰（AccessKey ID 和 AccessKey Secret）。爲了保證雲服務的安全，您需要創建一個能訪問ECS資源的RAM用戶，獲取該用戶的AccessKey密鑰，並使用這個RAM用戶和API管理ECS實例。

以下是獲取RAM用戶AccessKey密鑰的操作步驟：

創建RAM用戶並獲取AccessKey密鑰。

直接給RAM用戶授權，授予RAM用戶 管理雲服務器服務(ECS)的權限。

安裝 ECS Python SDK

首先確保您已經具備Python的Runtime，本文中使用的Python版本爲2.7+。

pip install aliyun-python-sdk-ecs

如果提示您沒有權限，請切換sudo繼續執行。

sudo pip install aliyun-python-sdk-ecs

本文使用的SDK版本爲 2.1.2。

Hello Alibaba Cloud

創建文件 hello_ecs_api.py。爲了使用SDK，首先實例化AcsClient對象，這裏需要RAM用戶的AccessKey ID和AccessKey Secret。

AccessKey ID和AccessKey Secret是RAM用戶訪問阿里雲ECS服務API的密鑰，具有該賬戶完全的權限，請妥善保管。

from aliyunsdkcore import client
from aliyunsdkecs.request.v20140526.DescribeInstancesRequest import DescribeInstancesRequest
from aliyunsdkecs.request.v20140526.DescribeRegionsRequest import DescribeRegionsRequest
clt = client.AcsClient('Your Access Key Id', 'Your Access Key Secrect', 'cn-beijing')

完成實例化後可以進行第一個應用的開發。查詢當前賬號支持的地域列表。具體的文檔參見 查詢可用地域列表。

def hello_aliyun_regions():
  request = DescribeRegionsRequest()
  response = _send_request(request)
  region_list = response.get('Regions').get('Region')
  assert response is not None
  assert region_list is not None
  result = map(_print_region_id, region_list)
  logging.info("region list: %s", result)
def _print_region_id(item):
  region_id = item.get("RegionId")
  return region_id
def _send_request(request):
  request.set_accept_format('json')
  try:
    response_str = clt.do_action(request)
    logging.info(response_str)
    response_detail = json.loads(response_str)
    return response_detail
  except Exception as e:
    logging.error(e)
hello_aliyun_regions()

在命令行運行 python hello_ecs_api.py 會得到當前支持的 Region列表。類似的輸出如下：

[u'cn-shenzhen', u'ap-southeast-1', u'cn-qingdao', u'cn-beijing', u'cn-shanghai', 
u'us-east-1', u'cn-hongkong', u'me-east-1', u'ap-southeast-2', u'cn-hangzhou', u'eu-central-1',
 u'ap-northeast-1', u'us-west-1']

查詢當前的 Region 下的 ECS 實例列表

查詢實例列表和查詢 Region 列表非常類似，替換入參對象爲DescribeInstancesRequest 即可，更多的查詢參數參考 查詢實例列表。

def list_instances():
  request = DescribeInstancesRequest()
  response = _send_request(request)
  if response is not None:
    instance_list = response.get('Instances').get('Instance')
    result = map(_print_instance_id, instance_list)
    logging.info("current region include instance %s", result)
def _print_instance_id(item):
  instance_id = item.get('InstanceId');
  return instance_id

輸出結果爲如下：

current region include instance [u'i-****', u'i-****'']

更多的API參考 ECS API 概覽，您可以嘗試作一個 查詢磁盤列表，將實例的參數替換爲 DescribeDisksRequest。

完整代碼示例

以上操作完整的代碼示例如下所示。

# coding=utf-8
# if the python sdk is not install using 'sudo pip install aliyun-python-sdk-ecs'
# if the python sdk is install using 'sudo pip install --upgrade aliyun-python-sdk-ecs'
# make sure the sdk version is 2.1.2, you can use command 'pip show aliyun-python-sdk-ecs' to check
import json
import logging
from aliyunsdkcore import client
from aliyunsdkecs.request.v20140526.DescribeInstancesRequest import DescribeInstancesRequest
from aliyunsdkecs.request.v20140526.DescribeRegionsRequest import DescribeRegionsRequest
# configuration the log output formatter, if you want to save the output to file,
# append ",filename='ecs_invoke.log'" after datefmt.
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,
          format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
          datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S')
clt = client.AcsClient('Your Access Key Id', 'Your Access Key Secrect', 'cn-beijing')
# sample api to list aliyun open api.
def hello_aliyun_regions():
  request = DescribeRegionsRequest()
  response = _send_request(request)
  if response is not None:
    region_list = response.get('Regions').get('Region')
    assert response is not None
    assert region_list is not None
    result = map(_print_region_id, region_list)
    logging.info("region list: %s", result)
# output the instance owned in current region.
def list_instances():
  request = DescribeInstancesRequest()
  response = _send_request(request)
  if response is not None:
    instance_list = response.get('Instances').get('Instance')
    result = map(_print_instance_id, instance_list)
    logging.info("current region include instance %s", result)
def _print_instance_id(item):
  instance_id = item.get('InstanceId');
  return instance_id
def _print_region_id(item):
  region_id = item.get("RegionId")
  return region_id
# send open api request
def _send_request(request):
  request.set_accept_format('json')
  try:
    response_str = clt.do_action(request)
    logging.info(response_str)
    response_detail = json.loads(response_str)
    return response_detail
  except Exception as e:
    logging.error(e)
if __name__ == '__main__':
  logging.info("Hello Aliyun OpenApi!")
  hello_aliyun_regions()
  list_instances()