1. 安裝與啓動
1.1 安裝
1.1.1 下載二進制文件CockroachDB 在linux在線安裝：網址如下，版本v1.1.3
https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/install-cockroachdb.html
1）在線下載二進制文件
[root@localhost cochroachDB]# wget -qO- https://binaries.cockroachdb.com/cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64.tgz | tar xvz
cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64/cockroach
[root@localhost cochroachDB]# ls
cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64
2）將二進制文件拷貝到你的目錄下，便於執行CockroachDB腳本
[root@localhost cochroachDB]# cp -i cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64/cockroach /usr/local/bin
註釋：wget -q 以安靜模式輸出，默認以/後文件進行命名cockroach-v1.1.3.linux-amd64.tgz，
tar x 從備份文件中還原文件, v 顯示指令執行過程，z 通過gzip指令處理備份文件；
cp -i 覆蓋既有文件之前先詢問用戶
1. 2 快速啓動
注意：默認情況下，每個CochroachDB向Cochroach實驗室以匿名形式報告的自己的使用細節，如何自願推出報告，請查閱https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/diagnostics-reporting.html
相關官方文檔：https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/start-a-local-cluster.html
1.2.1 不安全的部署
步驟1：啓動第一個節點
[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --host=localhost
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
*
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
*
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 01:08:26.454099704 +0000 UTC (took 0.6s)
build: CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin: http://localhost:8080
sql: postgresql://root@localhost:26257?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs: /root/cockroach-data/logs
store[0]: path=/root/cockroach-data
status: initialized new cluster
clusterID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID: 1
注意：
1）--insercure 啓用非密碼認證
2）這是一個純粹的本地集羣，--host=localhost 告訴節點只監聽localhost，內部和客戶端默認的端口號26257,http請求通過8080端口發出
3）節點數據存儲在cockroach-data路徑
4）標準輸出提供了cockroach版本的幫助文檔，admin UI的URL，客戶端的SQL URL
步驟2：
單節點已經可以使用，連接sql客戶端，建立數據庫，但在實際的部署中，你需要3個或者以上節點去利用cockroach的自動複製，自動節點數據平衡和默認容忍優點，如下是在本地模擬配置一個實際的部署環境
打開一個新的客戶端
[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --store=node2 --host=localhost --port=26258 --http-port=8081 --join=localhost:26257
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
*
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
*
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 01:13:40.664945281 +0000 UTC (took 0.2s)
build: CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin: http://localhost:8081
sql: postgresql://root@localhost:26258?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs: /root/node2/logs
store[0]: path=/root/node2
status: initialized new node, joined pre-existing cluster
clusterID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID: 2
打開一個新的終端：
[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --store=node3 --host=localhost --port=26259 --http-port=8082 --join=localhost:26257
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
*
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
*
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 01:32:52.559260389 +0000 UTC (took 0.2s)
build: CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin: http://localhost:8082
sql: postgresql://root@localhost:26259?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs: /root/node3/logs
store[0]: path=/root/node3
status: initialized new node, joined pre-existing cluster
clusterID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID: 3
在部署中最重要的不同點是
--join 將新節點加入到集羣中，定義第一個節點的地址和端口號，例如localhost:26257
因爲在同一臺機器上運行所有節點，需要設置--store --port 和--http-port 標識位置和端口沒有被其他節點使用，但是在實際的部署環境中，每個節點在不同的機器上，默認配置可以滿足要求
步驟3：
現在你部署了3個節點，你可以將任意節點作爲sql的入口，爲了證實這一點，打開一個新的終端，使用SQL客戶端連接節點1
注意：SQL客戶端已經部署在cockroach的二進制包裏，不需要額外操作
[forget@localhost cockroachDB]$ cockroach sql --insecure
# Welcome to the cockroach SQL interface.
# All statements must be terminated by a semicolon.
# To exit: CTRL + D.
#
# Server version: CockroachDB CCL v1.1.3 (linux amd64, built 2017/11/27 13:59:10, go1.8.3) (same version as client)
# Cluster ID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
#
# Enter \? for a brief introduction.
#
root@:26257/> create database bank;
CREATE DATABASE
Time: 46.596945ms
root@:26257/> create table bank.accounts(id int primary key,balance decimal);
CREATE TABLE
Time: 49.272314ms
root@:26257/> insert into bank.accounts values (1,1000.50) ;
INSERT 1
Time: 48.679601msroot@:26257/> select * from bank.accounts;
+----+---------+
| id | balance |
+----+---------+
| 1 | 1000.50 |
+----+---------+
(1 row)
Time: 4.778574ms
root@:26257/> \q
連接節點2，需要定義端口號不使用默認端口[forget@localhost cockroachDB]$ cockroach sql --insecure --port=26258
# Welcome to the cockroach SQL interface.
# All statements must be terminated by a semicolon.
# To exit: CTRL + D.
#
# Server version: CockroachDB CCL v1.1.3 (linux amd64, built 2017/11/27 13:59:10, go1.8.3) (same version as client)
# Cluster ID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
#
# Enter \? for a brief introduction.
#
注意在實際環境中，所有的節點可以使用默認端口26257，可以不需要—port選項root@:26258/> select * from bank.accounts;
+----+---------+
| id | balance |
+----+---------+
| 1 | 1000.50 |
+----+---------+
(1 row)
Time: 29.444091ms
你可以看到節點2和節點1作爲sql入口表現是相同的
步驟4 監控集羣
通過admin UI 在你的集羣中，在瀏覽器中打開http://localhost:8080,或者在admin 中制定任意啓動節點的標準輸出
cockroachDB在後臺自動複製你的數據，爲了政府複製成功，向下滾動查看Replicas per Node .
副本在每個節點是相同的，在集羣中複製3次
步驟5 停止cluster
一旦你完成測試cluster,切換到第一個節點，按ctrl+c 停止該節點
此時其他2個節點仍然是在線的，集羣仍然是可以使用的，因爲多數副本是可達的。爲了證明集羣可以容忍失敗(其中一個節點down)，通過SQL shell 連接節點2和節點3
[forget@localhost cockroachDB]$ cockroach sql --insecure --port=26258
# Welcome to the cockroach SQL interface.
# All statements must be terminated by a semicolon.
# To exit: CTRL + D.
#
# Server version: CockroachDB CCL v1.1.3 (linux amd64, built 2017/11/27 13:59:10, go1.8.3) (same version as client)
# Cluster ID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
#
# Enter \? for a brief introduction.
#
root@:26258/> select * from bank.accounts;
+----+---------+
| id | balance |
+----+---------+
| 1 | 1000.50 |
| 2 | 800.50 |
+----+---------+
(2 rows)
Time: 28.962136ms
停止節點2節點3，使用ctrl+c，輸出如下：
^CNote: a second interrupt will skip graceful shutdown and terminate forcefully
initiating graceful shutdown of server
server drained and shutdown completed
*
* ERROR: interrupted
*
Failed running "start"
注意：對於節點3，關閉時間較長(大約1分鐘)，因爲只剩於3個節點中的一個節點，多數副本不可達，cluster不可用。爲了加速這個過程，需要按2次ctrl+c，輸出如下：
^CNote: a second interrupt will skip graceful shutdown and terminate forcefully
initiating graceful shutdown of server
^C*
* ERROR: received signal 'interrupt' during shutdown, initiating hard shutdown
*
Failed running "start"
步驟6：重啓cluster
如果你決定繼續使用集羣進行後續的測試，你需要重啓至少3個節點中的兩個，使用節點的數據存儲。
重新啓動節點1，數據路徑cockroach-data/
[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --host=localhost
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
*
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
*
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
只有一個節點在線，集羣是不可用的，你不會看到任何迴應，執行了以上命令之後，知道你重啓第二個節點
在一個新的終端，重啓第二個節點，使用父路徑節點node2/
[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --store=node2 --host=localhost --port=26258 --http-port=8081 --join=localhost:26257
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
*
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
*
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 06:44:52.586972516 +0000 UTC (took 17.8s)
build: CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin: http://localhost:8081
sql: postgresql://root@localhost:26258?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs: /root/node2/logs
store[0]: path=/root/node2
status: restarted pre-existing node
clusterID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID: 2
打開一個新的終端，啓動節點3，使用父路徑node3/[root@localhost ~]# cockroach start --insecure --store=node3 --host=localhost --port=26259 --http-port=8082 --join=localhost:26257
*
* WARNING: RUNNING IN INSECURE MODE!
*
* - Your cluster is open for any client that can access localhost.
* - Any user, even root, can log in without providing a password.
* - Any user, connecting as root, can read or write any data in your cluster.
* - There is no network encryption nor authentication, and thus no confidentiality.
*
* Check out how to secure your cluster: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/secure-a-cluster.html
*
CockroachDB node starting at 2018-01-10 06:45:21.365022797 +0000 UTC (took 12.6s)
build: CCL v1.1.3 @ 2017/11/27 13:59:10 (go1.8.3)
admin: http://localhost:8082
sql: postgresql://root@localhost:26259?application_name=cockroach&sslmode=disable
logs: /root/node3/logs
store[0]: path=/root/node3
status: restarted pre-existing node
clusterID: f4fe6b48-7f5d-4d10-aebd-5a1d75c24e72
nodeID: 3
